高分辨裂解色谱技术在火灾物证鉴定中的应用

介绍裂解气相色谱技术的原理和装置 ,并在试验研究的基础上 ,对高分辨裂解色谱技术在火灾物证鉴定中的具体应用加以阐述。     

基于CFD分析的燃气轮机散热器数值仿真

为了改善燃气轮机的散热性能,以国产某型管带式散热器替换ΓТД-1250燃气轮机管片式散热器,建立了管片式和管带式散热器空气侧通道的稳态紊流数学模型,对2种不同类型散热器的阻力特性和表面传热特性进行CFD模拟,模拟结果与试验结果符合较好。数值仿真结果对比表明:散热器的压力降随冷却空气进口速度的增大而增大,且在相同的冷却空气进口流速下,管带式高出管片式散热器空气侧阻力的平均值约3.13%,同时管带式比管片式空气出口温度的平均值高出约6.29%。     

进气口位置和进气体积流量对油罐油气惰化置换效率的影响

采用机械通风方式对油罐油气进行处理,具有安全性差、通风时间长和效率低下的缺点;利用燃惰气对油罐油气进行处理,可较好地克服上述缺点。在前期研究的基础上,设计模拟实验台架,以燃惰气为介质,实验研究进气口位置和进气体积流量对燃惰气惰化置换油罐油气的影响。     

燃气涡轮发电机组虚拟训练系统研究与实现

为了解决某型燃气涡轮发电机组实装兵器使用复杂、耗油量大、维护成本高等问题,以实装兵器为对象,开发了一套该型燃气涡轮发电机组虚拟训练系统,简要介绍了该虚拟训练系统的结构和功能,深入分析了评分系统设计中的评分规则、评分标准、扣分权数的选取和考核总成绩计算等关键技术,最后实现了整个系统的设计开发。     

低功率霍尔推力器阳极供气环工程设计关键参数仿真

为了提高低功率霍尔推力器放电通道内中性原子分布均匀性,采用有限元方法对阳极供气环关键结构参数进行优化研究。针对双腔式阳极供气环结构,重点分析了缓冲腔容积比以及缓冲腔隔板导流小孔数量等关键参数对阳极供气均匀性的影响。研究结果表明:随着缓冲腔容积比的增大,阳极供气环出气孔差异率先快速减小后趋于稳定,其中当容积率k=1.0时,平均差异率和最大差异率分别为1.77%和3.79%;隔板间导流小孔数量从8增加到14时,出气孔差异率呈现浴盆曲线特性,其中导流孔数量为10时,平均差异率和最大差异率分别为1.8%和3.8%。研究结果可为霍尔推力器阳极供气环工程设计提供理论支撑。     

潜艇高压气吹除主压载水舱排水模型研究

在部分假设基础上,分析了潜艇高压气吹除压载水舱过程中舱内气体和海水等参数的变化特征,利用体积变化法和伯努利公式计算法建立了高压气吹除压载水舱排水模型,并通过算例验证了所建模型的准确性,结果表明:所建立的数理模型中部分假设和简化是合理的,能正确描述高压气吹除压载水舱排水过程。     

CONTRIBUTORS

Russia holds the largest stocks of civilian highly enriched uranium (HEU) of any country, operating more than fifty research reactors, pulsed reactors, and critical assemblies using HEU, as well as nine HEU-fueled icebreakers. Russia's participation in international efforts to phase out civilian HEU is crucial if international HEU minimization efforts are to succeed. Individual Russian institutes and organizations participate in international programs to replace HEU with low-enriched uranium in Soviet-supplied research reactors, develop alternative fuels, and repatriate fresh and spent HEU fuel from third countries. However, an overarching national policy on HEU phase-out has yet to be adopted. There are many obstacles to obtaining such a commitment from Moscow. At the same time, the ongoing reform of the Russian nuclear industry and plans for expansion of domestic nuclear power generation and for increased nuclear exports create opportunities for securing such a commitment.     

RUSSIAN NAVAL NUCLEAR FUEL AND REACTORS

Russian naval nuclear fuel and reactors pose both proliferation and environmental threats, ranging from the possible theft of highly enriched uranium fuel to the radioactive contamination of the environment, whether due to accident, neglect, or sabotage. Current conditions at Russian naval bases, together with a history of accidents and incidents involving Russia's nuclear fleet, make a convincing case for the large-scale assistance that the G8 is now providing to improve the safety and security of Russian naval reactors and fuel. However, virtually no data has been released to allow accurate, reliable, and independent analysis of reactor and fuel properties, risking misguided international efforts to assist in the areas of nuclear cleanup, nonproliferation, and security. This article identifies and assesses relevant properties and developments related to reactor and fuel design, provides a comprehensive presentation of Russian nuclear naval technologies, and examines technological trends in the context of proliferation and environmental security.     

THE NUCLEAR THRESHOLD STATES

“Nuclear threshold states”—those that have chosen nuclear restraint despite having significant nuclear capabilities—seem like the perfect partners for the reinvigorated drive toward global nuclear disarmament. Having chosen nuclear restraint, threshold states may embrace disarmament as a way to guarantee the viability of their choice (which may be impossible in a proliferating world). Supporting disarmament efforts affirms their restraint, both self-congratulating and self-fulfilling. Additionally, the commitment to their non-nuclear status springs at least in part from a moral stance against nuclear weapons that lends itself to energetic support of global disarmament. However, threshold states also offer significant challenges to the movement for nuclear weapons elimination, in particular in relation to acquisition of enrichment and reprocessing facilities. This article analyzes both the challenges and opportunities posed by threshold states by examining the cases of Brazil and Japan.     

军用飞机燃油消耗多元线性回归模型

为了解决军用飞机非标准动作燃油消耗建模问题,利用实际飞参数据,采用多元线性回归方法进行建模分析。建立了燃油消耗量与飞行时间、油箱平均油量、平均高度、平均速度、T1温度、T4温度、N2转速、高度变化量、飞机外挂的多元线性回归模型,并对回归模型进行统计性检验和验证。结论显示:模型拟合度较好,符合军用飞机飞行耗油规律,对军用飞机非标准动作燃油消耗规律研究具有重要意义。