Optimal sample size allocation for tests with multiple levels of stress with extreme value regression

In this article, we discuss the optimal allocation problem in a multiple stress levels life‐testing experiment when an extreme value regression model is used for statistical analysis. We derive the maximum likelihood estimators, the Fisher information, and the asymptotic variance–covariance matrix of the maximum likelihood estimators. Three optimality criteria are defined and the optimal allocation of units for two‐ and k‐stress level situations are determined. We demonstrate the efficiency of the optimal allocation of units in a multiple stress levels life‐testing experiment by using real experimental situations discussed earlier by McCool and Nelson and Meeker. Monte Carlo simulations are used to show that the optimality results hold for small sample sizes as well. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2007     

石英角速率传感器数字相关检测技术研究

为提高石英角速率传感器(QRS)的测量性能,提出了基于数字相关检测技术的QRS信号解调方案。该方案需将一组互相正交的参考信号作为两个相关器的输入,能够同时分离出QRS敏感信号相对于参考信号的同相分量和正交分量。通过角速度提取算法可由以上分量进一步得到输入角速度。分析了实现参考通道功能的两种方法:锁相环(PLL)和Hilbert变换,通过对这两种方法的对比得知,PLL更适合作为QRS相关检测的参考通道。     

甲板坐标系下速率火控射击诸元解算及弹道修正

速率火控系统是在甲板坐标系下解相遇的,它不依赖于导航系统.它与常规火控不同,甲板倾斜的修正不能采用简单的坐标系变换的方式.针对速率火控甲板倾斜修正问题,指出了两种需要进行甲板倾斜修正的情况,推导给出了计算方法,通过原理仿真计算,验证了计算方法的正确性.     

改进的AHP法在目标价值排序中的应用

针对在应用AHP法时,传统的标度法可能导致判断矩阵一致性与思维一致性脱节,进而破坏层次分析法的优选排序功能的问题。首先分析了传统的1～9标度的不足,然后通过引入指数(0,2)标度,建立了满足一致性要求的判断矩阵,改进了层次分析法。最后将改进的AHP法应用于战场炮兵的主要攻击目标价值排序的评估,进一步提高了评估的准确性。     

(Re-)emergent orders: understanding the negotiation(s) of rebel governance

Abstract

The concept of order is often neglected in the study of conflict – seemingly such a ‘disordering’ process. With the recent increase in the examination of rebel governance however, bringing order back into our understanding of rebel and insurgent groups has much to offer in exploring the everyday politics which connect authorities, rebel movements and the population itself, in a complex mass of intersubjective and power-based interactions and negotiations. Rebels both shape and are shaped by existing forms of order in complex and ongoing ways. This article explores how varying elements interact in the negotiation, framing and enforcement of order and develops an original analytical framework to examine the perpetual negotiations of rebel movements in their attempts to cement their control.     

高超声速飞行器新息滤波交互式多模型跟踪算法

研究临近空间高超声速飞行器在运动特点,针对强杂波环境下高速、高机动目标跟踪问题,提出用新息滤波减小观测噪声以修正模型概率更新过程的算法。Monte-Carlo仿真结果表明:该算法可以有效减小量测噪声对系统滤波的影响,提高滤波精度,在临近空间强杂波环境下具有较好的跟踪精度,具有一定工程实用价值。     

单晶硅反射镜激光能量吸收系数与衬底表面质量的关联

高能激光系统中,单晶硅基底反射镜的能量吸收系数是影响系统性能的关键指标。衬底加工质量对镀膜后元件激光能量吸收系数影响显著。通过测试不同衬底粗糙度、划痕密度的单晶硅反射元件,分析衬底表面典型加工特征(粗糙度、划痕)对激光能量吸收系数的影响规律,认为粗糙度与吸收系数正相关,粗糙度均方根从0.668nm降低至0.345nm会使吸收系数降低28.0%。少量划痕对吸收系数的直接影响并不明显,吸收系数均值变化在3.1%以内。但表面划痕会诱发激光损伤,划痕密度较大时会引起后续能量吸收持续增大,辐照400s后,吸收系数较辐照100s时增大18.3%。     

高分辨率UAV SAR的三维运动误差分离与补偿

在基于SAR回波的数据处理中,多普勒调频率具有很高的估计精度且对场景的依赖性很小,可以更广泛地用于自聚焦处理。基于多普勒调频率参数估计,针对回波包络及相位分别提出了误差提取模型,并通过包络误差校正和相位误差补偿两个步骤实现了高精度的运动补偿处理。实测数据表明,本文方法可以在低精度导航信息情况下获取高分辨率雷达图像。     

基于满足率的随舰备件配置方案

针对满足率只有统计定义的问题,从不同角度研究了备件满足率的概率性质,给出了满足率的两种概率模型,揭示了满足率的内涵和实际工程意义。在此基础上,给出了系统备件保障满足率的概率定义,建立了以系统备件满足率为约束、备件总重量最小为目标的随舰备件配置优化模型,研究了优化模型的边际效益算法。实例分析表明：该方法为合理制定舰艇随舰备件保障方案提供了决策依据。     

Choosing arrival process models for service systems: Tests of a nonhomogeneous Poisson process

Service systems such as call centers and hospital emergency rooms typically have strongly time‐varying arrival rates. Thus, a nonhomogeneous Poisson process (NHPP) is a natural model for the arrival process in a queueing model for performance analysis. Nevertheless, it is important to perform statistical tests with service system data to confirm that an NHPP is actually appropriate, as emphasized by Brown et al. [8]. They suggested a specific statistical test based on the Kolmogorov–Smirnov (KS) statistic after exploiting the conditional‐uniform (CU) property to transform the NHPP into a sequence of i.i.d. random variables uniformly distributed on [0,1] and then performing a logarithmic transformation of the data. We investigate why it is important to perform the final data transformation and consider what form it should take. We conduct extensive simulation experiments to study the power of these alternative statistical tests. We conclude that the general approach of Brown et al. [8] is excellent, but that an alternative data transformation proposed by Lewis [22], drawing upon Durbin [10], produces a test of an NHPP test with consistently greater power. We also conclude that the KS test after the CU transformation, without any additional data transformation, tends to be best to test against alternative hypotheses that primarily differ from an NHPP only through stochastic and time dependence. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 61: 66–90, 2014