中学学习型教师团队建设探索——以华山中学为例

学习型组织具有五个要素,即自我超越、改善心智模式、建立共同愿景、团队学习、系统思考,学习型教师团队同样要符合这些特征。为此,华山中学开展了积极探索,提出创建学习型教师团队的关键是:建立共同愿景,提升生命力;改变学习方式,增强学习力;变革管理模式,培养创造力。初步营造出了凝心聚力实现又好又快发展的良好教育氛围,促进了学校教育实践的全面开展。     

Single machine just‐in‐time scheduling problems with two competing agents

In scheduling problems with two competing agents, each one of the agents has his own set of jobs to be processed and his own objective function, and both share a common processor. In the single‐machine problem studied in this article, the goal is to find a joint schedule that minimizes the total deviation of the job completion times of the first agent from a common due‐date, subject to an upper bound on the maximum deviation of job completion times of the second agent. The problem is shown to be NP‐hard even for a nonrestrictive due‐date, and a pseudopolynomial dynamic program is introduced and tested numerically. For the case of a restrictive due‐date (a sufficiently small due‐date that may restrict the number of early jobs), a faster pseudopolynomial dynamic program is presented. We also study the multiagent case, which is proved to be strongly NP‐hard. A simple heuristic for this case is introduced, which is tested numerically against a lower bound, obtained by extending the dynamic programming algorithm. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 61: 1–16, 2014     

Choosing arrival process models for service systems: Tests of a nonhomogeneous Poisson process

Service systems such as call centers and hospital emergency rooms typically have strongly time‐varying arrival rates. Thus, a nonhomogeneous Poisson process (NHPP) is a natural model for the arrival process in a queueing model for performance analysis. Nevertheless, it is important to perform statistical tests with service system data to confirm that an NHPP is actually appropriate, as emphasized by Brown et al. [8]. They suggested a specific statistical test based on the Kolmogorov–Smirnov (KS) statistic after exploiting the conditional‐uniform (CU) property to transform the NHPP into a sequence of i.i.d. random variables uniformly distributed on [0,1] and then performing a logarithmic transformation of the data. We investigate why it is important to perform the final data transformation and consider what form it should take. We conduct extensive simulation experiments to study the power of these alternative statistical tests. We conclude that the general approach of Brown et al. [8] is excellent, but that an alternative data transformation proposed by Lewis [22], drawing upon Durbin [10], produces a test of an NHPP test with consistently greater power. We also conclude that the KS test after the CU transformation, without any additional data transformation, tends to be best to test against alternative hypotheses that primarily differ from an NHPP only through stochastic and time dependence. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 61: 66–90, 2014     

Some comparisons of residual life of coherent systems with exchangeable components

Most of the research, on the study of the reliability properties of technical systems, assume that the components of the system operate independently. However, in real life situation, it is more reasonable to assume that there is dependency among the components of the system. In this article, we give sufficient conditions based on the signature and the joint distribution of component lifetimes to obtain stochastic ordering results for coherent and mixed systems with exchangeable components. Some stochastic orders on dynamic (or conditional) signature of coherent systems are also provided. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 61: 549–556, 2014     

Counterinsurgency American style: Considering David Petraeus and twenty-first century irregular war

This article examines the complex legacy of David Petraeus who was a key figure in the emergence of the US military shift towards counterinsurgency doctrine in the years after 2006. Although Petraeus has been perceived by critics as a publicity seeker, he can be credited with laying the foundations for a more serious commitment to COIN involving in particular in integrating conventional and Special Forces in arenas like village stability operations. The article looks a Petraeus's role in both Iraq and Afghanistan: it concludes that, in the case of Afghanistan, it is too early to assess whether counterinsurgency has had a decisive impact of the outcome of the war against the Taliban.     

考虑可观测度的反交会规避机动方法

针对具有自主接近能力的航天器开展了反交会规避机动方法研究。建立了仅测角相对导航模型,随后利用状态估计误差给出了可观测度的定义,量化了可观测性指标。以可观测度为评价指标,提出基于虚拟轨道的可观测度计算方法,以可观测度梯度对规避机动方向进行优化,保证了规避机动使目标航天器的可观测性达到最大弱化,并给出了规避机动大小计算方法。给出了仿真算例,结果表明提出的方法能够使系统的可观测性明显减弱,达到了设计要求,为规避机动研究提供了一种新视角。     

卫星导航系统的体系安全性分析方法

为了应对卫星导航系统内部复杂关系等体系特征为其安全分析带来的挑战、全面识别和分析卫星导航系统面临的体系安全威胁、提高系统的安全性和服务能力,基于功能依赖网络分析理论提出了从体系角度研究卫星导航系统安全性的建模方法,重点对导航系统内组件系统之间交互关系导致的危险传播、任意失效组合进行了后果分析和原因调查。仿真结果表明该方法能清晰地描述危险传播和失效组合的过程以及进行正逆向的推理分析,也证明了该方法在卫星导航系统安全分析问题上的潜力和适用性。     

顾及时空语义的多主题瓦片数据优化检索方法

针对虚拟地球可视化中多个逻辑图层叠加产生大量同名瓦片索引重叠引起的数据无效访问和内存冗余等问题,提出顾及时空语义的瓦片数据优化检索方法。在客户端实现顾及时空语义的自适应瓦片优选,将视点信息与数据集的时空范围、分辨率和优先级等语义信息自动匹配与自适应筛选过滤,显著提高目标瓦片数据的命中率;在服务器端实现面向主题的内存数据库瓦片数据缓存,进一步提高瓦片数据二次访问的响应速度。实验表明,该方法不受逻辑图层增量影响,保证目标瓦片较高的命中率,缓存方法进一步提升瓦片二次访问效率,显著提高面向多数据集的海量数据实时可视化性能。     

强激光在超音速射流剪切层中传播的数值研究

以波长10 6μm、半径0 1m、强度166W的高功率CO2激光束穿过二维超音速自由射流剪切层流场为计算模型,研究了由于强激光束辐射加热对流场的干扰以及激光束穿过超音速射流剪切层后远场光强分布的变化。结果表明:在不同的马赫数下超音速射流剪切层流场对激光束远场强度分布影响明显不同,流场密度分布的微小变化都会使光束远场强度分布产生显见的不同;对于透过超音速射流流场的非聚焦的强激光束,由强激光束所产生的辐射加热对流场所造成的干扰可以忽略。