部队政绩观之我见

公安消防部队树立正确的政绩观应处理好五个关系：一是处理好政绩观与发展现的关系;二是处理好对上负责与对下负责的关系;三是处理好对部队负责与对地方负责的关系;四是处理好“显绩”与“潜绩”的关系;五是处理好“自律”与“他律”的关系。     

动态规划在消防增援调度中的应用

由于各消防中队一般规模较小,对于较大规模的火灾需要多个消防队共同救护,此时若能够实现增援调度的最优化可以提高这些同时出现的火灾被全部扑灭的概率。利用多阶段动态规划对增援调度进行了研究,并分析了具体案例。通过分析得出此方法有助于改善消防资源分配状况,以实现最大程度地减小经济损失。     

Two-agent scheduling with linear resource-dependent processing times

This paper considers a two-agent scheduling problem with linear resource-dependent processing times, in which each agent has a set of jobs that compete with that of the other agent for the use of a common processing machine, and each agent aims to minimize the weighted number of its tardy jobs. To meet the due date requirements of the jobs of the two agents, additional amounts of a common resource, which may be in discrete or continuous quantities, can be allocated to the processing of the jobs to compress their processing durations. The actual processing time of a job is a linear function of the amount of the resource allocated to it. The objective is to determine the optimal job sequence and resource allocation strategy so as to minimize the weighted number of tardy jobs of one agent, while keeping the weighted number of tardy jobs of the other agent, and the total resource consumption cost within their respective predetermined limits. It is shown that the problem is -hard in the ordinary sense, and there does not exist a polynomial-time approximation algorithm with performance ratio unless ; however it admits a relaxed fully polynomial time approximation scheme. A proximal bundle algorithm based on Lagrangian relaxation is also presented to solve the problem approximately. To speed up convergence and produce sharp bounds, enhancement strategies including the design of a Tabu search algorithm and integration of a Lagrangian recovery heuristic into the algorithm are devised. Extensive numerical studies are conducted to assess the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed algorithms.     

测试性增长中资源优化配置模型及求解

良好的测试性设计对系统维修性具有重要意义,测试性增长试验通过一系列测试性设计缺陷发现和纠正措施,可保证系统测试性指标达到设计要求。针对基于延缓纠正的测试性增长过程中的资源配置问题进行研究,基于增长试验目标是否明确和试验资源是否受限制问题构建资源优化配置模型,并提出一种基于拉格朗日松弛和本地搜索的快速优化算法。仿真结果表明:该模型能够有效指导测试性增长中的资源优化配置问题,所提混合优化方法能够高效、准确地求解整数规划问题。     

A bicriterion approach to common flow allowances due window assignment and scheduling with controllable processing times

We investigate a single‐machine scheduling problem for which both the job processing times and due windows are decision variables to be determined by the decision maker. The job processing times are controllable as a linear or convex function of the amount of a common continuously divisible resource allocated to the jobs, where the resource allocated to the jobs can be used in discrete or continuous quantities. We use the common flow allowances due window assignment method to assign due windows to the jobs. We consider two performance criteria: (i) the total weighted number of early and tardy jobs plus the weighted due window assignment cost, and (ii) the resource consumption cost. For each resource consumption function, the objective is to minimize the first criterion, while keeping the value of the second criterion no greater than a given limit. We analyze the computational complexity, devise pseudo‐polynomial dynamic programming solution algorithms, and provide fully polynomial‐time approximation schemes and an enhanced volume algorithm to find high‐quality solutions quickly for the considered problems. We conduct extensive numerical studies to assess the performance of the algorithms. The computational results show that the proposed algorithms are very efficient in finding optimal or near‐optimal solutions. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 64: 41–63, 2017     

子弹均匀散布子母弹最有利火力分配方法

在将子弹均匀散布的椭圆区域等效转换为矩形区域的基础上,建立了适宽射向射击子母弹对矩形目标毁伤全概率计算的数学模型。通过函数转换和泛函分析给出了子弹均匀散布子母弹理想射击密度,得到了理想射击密度下对目标的毁伤概率计算公式。讨论了最有利火力分配方式的确定方法,给出了最优射向间隔和表尺差的计算公式,为便于实际应用,给出了最优火力分配计算中所需的3个参数的近似计算公式,最后给出了应用算例。     

大学自习教室优化设置研究

针对目前大学自习教室资源浪费普遍存在的现象,将学生上自习与否视为独立同分布随机变量,从自习教室的管理与维护成本、电费成本以及学生的满意度3个方面出发,建立了双目标随机规划模型,并在模型基础上提出了大学自习教室设置的一般方法。通过实例分析,对模型的正确性和有效性进行了论证。结果表明:在各种情况下,该模型都能很好地解决自习教室设置这一问题,并且能在学生满意度较高的条件下,节约能源13%以上。该模型可以有效地对自习教室进行优化设置,不仅提高了资源利用水平,而且节约了能源。     

Inspection games with local and global allocation bounds

This article discusses a two‐player noncooperative nonzero‐sum inspection game. There are multiple sites that are subject to potential inspection by the first player (an inspector). The second player (potentially a violator) has to choose a vector of violation probabilities over the sites, so that the sum of these probabilities do not exceed one. An efficient method is introduced to compute all Nash equilibria parametrically in the amount of resource that is available to the inspector. Sensitivity analysis reveals nonmonotonicity of the equilibrium utility of the inspector, considered as a function of the amount of resource that is available to it; a phenomenon which is a variant of the well‐known Braess paradox. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2013     

Cost allocation of capacity investment games

Consider a manufacturer serving a set of retail stores each of which faces deterministic demands in a finite planning horizon. At the beginning of the planning horizon, the production capacity of the manufacturer is built, followed by production, outsourcing to third party manufacturers if necessary and distribution to the retail stores. Because the retail stores are usually managed by different managers who act as independent profit centers, it is desirable that the total cost is divided among the retail stores so that their incentives can be appropriately captured and thus efficient operations can be achieved. Under various conditions, we prove that there is a fair allocation of costs among the retail stores in the sense that no subset of retail stores subsidizes others, or equivalently, the resulting capacity investment game has a nonempty core, that is, the capacity investment game is a balanced game. In addition, our proof provides a mechanism to compute a fair cost allocation. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 60: 512–523, 2013     

层次分析法的水下航行器维修性指标分配方法

基于层次分析法的水下航行器维修性指标分配方法把层次分析法应用到水下航行器维修性指标分配方法中,即邀请专家对故障的检测和隔离方式、可达性、可更换性和测试的困难等级进行两两比较,得到评价矩阵,据此,可以得到分配结果.这种方法克服了按故障率和设计特性分配法在设计特性相差不大时存在的缺陷,把定性分析与定量分析相结合.在设计初期即明确设计目标,除了考虑到单元的故障率还兼顾了初期设计过程中的不确定性.将这种方法应用于某水下航行器的维修性分配,结果表明,该方法具有实用价值.