适应低时延业务需求的分布式可穿戴单兵作战信息系统

针对云计算应用在单兵作战系统场景下业务处理时延高、服务质量无法保障的问题,提出一种基于可穿戴计算的分布式单兵作战信息系统。利用士兵身上的可穿戴智能设备构建本地计算层,在作战地点就近处理计算数据,提供给士兵本地的信息处理与融合能力,并采用广义扩散负载均衡算法平衡各设备负载,降低业务处理时延;同时利用分布式计算的容错能力增强系统的可靠性。仿真结果表明,基于可穿戴设备的分布式本地网络架构能有效地降低作战任务的处理时延,同时增强系统的可靠性。     

Reforming the bras tendus? The Congolese National Police reforms, 2003–2016

The security sector reform (SSR) programme in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) has failed, according to a former high-level member of the United Nations (UN) mission in the DRC, as a large section of the country remains outside government control, and the security institutions of the state continue to constitute one of the predominant sources of insecurity for the local population in a number of ways. Based on several field studies, this article critically scrutinises the SSR of the Congolese National Police (Police nationale congolaise; PNC) and the efforts to reform it between 2004 and 2016. It further attempts to explain why so little progress was made in the SSR of the PNC, despite extensive involvement from donors. The article shows that the instrumental and traditional approach to SSR is partly to blame, because in this case it failed to address the root problems and initiate the needed fundamental reform and reconstruction of the police force. It also shows that reforming local security institutions becomes even more difficult when the local authorities do not support the effort.     

恒速偏频激光陀螺系统航向敏感误差的在线标定与补偿

以单轴恒速偏频激光陀螺系统为研究对象,建立了静基座初始对准时系统中标定参数变化误差对航向敏感误差影响的数学模型。为克服外场测试环境下难以分别精确估计各标定参数的限制,提出将安装关系矩阵参数误差对航向敏感误差的作用视为一个整体进行标定;不需要外部基准,即可基于最小二乘算法实现航向敏感误差系数的在线标定。采用标定得到的航向敏感误差系数,利用原理样机进行了在线补偿精度实验测试。实验结果表明,所提出的在线标定与补偿方法能够有效消除航向敏感误差,提高初始对准航向角精度。     

传递对准中机翼弹性变形处理

提出利用载机不同飞行状态下弹载子惯导陀螺仪与机载主惯导陀螺仪输出角速度差异对机翼弹性变形的AR模型参数进行在线辨识,采用一种改进的卡尔曼滤波算法对模型参数进行估计,利用信息对准模型的适应性进行检验.结合速度加姿态传递对准模型,建立了考虑机翼弹性变形的传递对准模型.仿真试验验证了该在线建模方法的有效性,在传递对准中考虑机翼弹性变形模型,可以有效地降低机翼弹性变形对传递对准的影响.     

Aligning national “logics” in a European military helicopter program

This article analyzes the public side of the NH90 network consisting of four participating countries (Germany, France, Italy, and the Netherlands) and their industrial partners. Comparable to observations in earlier international projects in the defense sector, the development and production of the NH90 defense helicopter did not match original plans and costs estimates. On the basis of four mechanisms that were intended to facilitate the cooperation between the partnering countries (the General Memorandum of Understanding; coalition formation; the role of the central agency; and the process of vertical escalation) the question is posed whether or not there was a true alignment of national interests and “logics.” The lack of standardization, as well as program delays and issues concerning the division of the work-share, lead to the emerging alignment being characterized as “quasi-alignment” at best.     

A pixel-level local contrast measure for infrared small target detection

Infrared (IR) small target detection is one of the key technologies of infrared search and track (IRST) systems. Existing methods have some limitations in detection performance, especially when the target size is irregular or the background is complex. In this paper, we propose a pixel-level local contrast measure (PLLCM), which can subdivide small targets and backgrounds at pixel level simultaneously. With pixel-level segmentation, the difference between the target and the background becomes more obvious, which helps to improve the detection performance. First, we design a multiscale sliding window to quickly extract candidate target pixels. Then, a local window based on random walker (RW) is designed for pixel-level target segmentation. After that, PLLCM incorporating probability weights and scale constraints is proposed to accurately measure local contrast and suppress various types of background interference. Finally, an adaptive threshold operation is applied to separate the target from the PLLCM enhanced map. Experimental results show that the proposed method has a higher detection rate and a lower false alarm rate than the baseline algorithms, while achieving a high speed.     

新疆地方教材中公民教育的价值取向分析

公民教育目前已经成为我国理论与实践关注的重要领域。《新疆》作为新疆维吾尔自治区义务教育阶段的地方教材,在了解新疆历史、地理和各民族发展等区情方面发挥了积极的作用。地方教材是否具备公民教育理念和内容,以及在多大程度上体现了公民教育的核心内涵。文章采用内容分析的方法对新疆地方教材进行研究,揭示教材的积极方面和存在问题,为地方教材的进一步完善提供参考,进而促进新疆少数民族地区基础教育的发展。     

捷联惯导惯性系对准误差分析

针对捷联惯导晃动基座下惯性系粗对准两种不同的计算方法,分析了由陀螺常值漂移和加速度计零偏引起的漂移误差（即平台失准角）、刻度误差和歪斜误差,并推导了这些误差项与惯性元件误差之间关系的解析表达式。结果表明：两种惯性系对准算法的平台失准角具有相同的极限精度,并且与传统解析对准法的精度一致;惯性系对准法的歪斜误差很小可以忽略,但需对姿态阵正交化以消除刻度误差的影响。     

使用局部色调映射匹配异源图像

色调映射是一种适用于亮度和对比度变化的快速图像匹配方法。由于异源图像间存在复杂的灰度变换关系,直接采用色调映射方法进行匹配的成功率通常难以满足应用需求。为了提高匹配成功率,本文提出基于子区弱切片变换的局部色调映射异源图像匹配方法。首先将实时图划分为不重叠的子区,对每个子区进行直方图均衡化和弱切片变换,通过局部色调映射计算子区与基准图的距离系数图。融合全部距离系数图得到图像匹配结果。实验结果表明,该方法匹配成功率高于现有的色调映射方法,且计算时间仅略高于现有方法,优于异源图像匹配中常用的互信息方法。     

基于不同分裂的修正局部Crank-Nicolson方法对一维热传导方程的应用

本文采用不同分裂的修正局部Crank-Nicolson方法讨论了一维热传导方程的初边值问题。该方法不仅具有原来计算量少,无条件稳定的优点,而且推广了该方法对复杂的数学物理方程应用的可能性。理论上分析了无条件稳定性、相容性及收敛性,最后进行数值试验,验证了它的可行性。