油品管输带电问题

以油品管输带电问题为专题,参考大量国外文献,结合笔者近年的研究,以便于石油储运工程技术人员掌握、应用和研究为目的,阐明油流带电的原因是油品与管壁接触后产生双电层,油流带走扩散层中的电荷形成冲动电流;论述冲动电流大小与油品物性、管道结构、油流速度等因素的关系;指出金属管道接地可消除管壁电荷、防止电荷聚积,但不能导走油流里的电荷;说明绝缘管道的要害是管壁会聚积电荷,可能导致刷形放电和击穿放电,缩短管子寿命,危及管输安全。     

Nonparametric estimation of some quantities of interest from renewal theory

In this paper, confidence intervals are given for two quantities of importance related to renewal processes. For each quantity, two confidence intervals are discussed. One confidence interval is given for general, all‐purpose use. Another confidence interval is given which is easier to compute, but not of general use. The case where data are subject to right censorship is also considered. Some numerical comparisons are made. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 50: 638–649, 2003.     

机械原理教学过程优化的研究

教学过程是一个复杂多变的过程,受各种因素的制约,只有以系统优化为基本原理去组织教学活动,才能全面提高教学质量。本文针对《机械原理》课的性质、特点及教学中面临的复杂情况,从几个方面讨论了教学过程优化的思路和方法。     

磺化酚醛树脂的研究:高效减水剂的制备及其对混凝土工作度和力学性能的影响

制备了以磺化酚醛树脂为基础的3种高效减水剂,该高效减水剂能显著地减少用水量和改善混凝土工作度以及力学强度.测试结果显示:随掺量的增加,混凝土抗压强度在一定范围内有明显的提高,然后增加较慢或有所下降;混凝土的抗折、抗拉、抗剪强度以及与钢筋的粘接强度均高于对照空白样.同硅灰、磨砂矿渣相结合还获得了抗压强度大于100MPa、流动性好的超高强混凝土.     

Models for production planning under power interruptions

We present a robust optimization model for production planning under the assumption that electricity supply is subject to uncertain interruptions caused by participation in interruptible load contracts (ILCs). The objective is to minimize the cost of electricity used for production while providing a robust production plan which ensures demand satisfaction under all possible interruption scenarios. The combinatorial size of the set of interruption scenarios makes this a challenging problem. Furthermore, we assume that no probabilistic information is known about the supply uncertainty: we only use the information given in the ILC to identify an uncertainty set that captures the possible scenarios. We construct a general robust framework to handle this uncertainty and present a heuristic to compute a good feasible solution of the robust model. We provide computational experiments on a real‐world example and compare the performance of an exact solver applied to the robust model with that of the heuristic procedure. Finally, we include the operational impact of interruptions such as “recovery modes” in the definition of the uncertainty set. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2013     

The incentive effect of acceptance sampling plans in a supply chain with endogenous product quality

This article studies a firm that procures a product from a supplier. The quality of each product unit is measured by a continuous variable that follows a normal distribution and is correlated within a batch. The firm conducts an inspection and pays the supplier only if the product batch passes the inspection. The inspection not only serves the purpose of preventing a bad batch from reaching customers but also offers the supplier an incentive to improve product quality. The firm determines the acceptance sampling plan, and the supplier determines the quality effort level in either a simultaneous game or a Stackelberg leadership game, in which both parties share inspection cost and recall loss caused by low product quality. In the simultaneous game, we identify the Nash equilibrium form, provide sufficient conditions that guarantee the existence of a pure strategy Nash equilibrium, and find parameter settings under which the decentralized and centralized supply chains achieve the same outcome. By numerical experiments, we show that the firm's acceptance sampling plan and the supplier's quality effort level are sensitive to both the recall loss sharing ratio and the game format (i.e., the precommitment assumption of the inspection policy). © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2013     

基于BPMN的作战视图辅助设计方法

体系结构设计在C4ISR系统开发中越来越受到重视.由于目前体系结构设计主要是依据DOD体系结构框架,体系结构产品是框架最基本的表现形式,因此,体系结构产品设计是体系结构设计中的一个关键问题.在深入研究BPMN的基础上,提出了基于BPMN的作战视图辅助设计方法,建立了企业过程图与作战视图产品OV5、OV6的转换关系.     

违法销售及使用不合格消防产品行政处罚案例剖析

通过对一起违法销售及使用不合格消防产品案件调查取证、讨论分析,运用相关的法律法规知识,阐述了违法销售、使用不合格消防产品双方应负的不同责任,从而作出责令使用单位停止使用、没收销售单位不合格消防产品等消防行政处罚决定。     

远距离测量物体横向微小位移的方法研究

针对传统方法无法对物体横向微小位移进行远距离测量的难题,分析现有测量手段的优缺点,结合一个实践案例,提出了一种传统光学仪器与现代数码产品和计算机智能识别技术相结合的新方法。     

The impact of demand uncertainty on product line design under endogenous substitution

The existing product line design literature devotes little attention to the effect of demand uncertainty. Due to demand uncertainty, the supply‐demand mismatch is inevitable which leads to different degrees of lost sales depending on the configuration of product lines. In this article, we adopt a stylized two‐segment setup with uncertain market sizes and illustrate the interplay between two effects: risk pooling that mitigates the impact of demand uncertainty and market segmentation that facilitates consumer differentiation. Compared to downward substitution, inducing bidirectional substitution through product line decisions including quality levels and prices can yield greater risk pooling effects. However, we show that the additional benefit from the risk pooling effect cannot compensate for the reduced market segmentation effect. We demonstrate that the presence of demand uncertainty can reduce the benefit of market segmentation and therefore the length of product lines in terms of the difference between products. We also propose three heuristics that separate product line and production decisions; each of these heuristics corresponds to one particular form of demand substitution. Our numerical studies indicate that the best of the three heuristics yields performance that is close to optimality. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 62: 143–157, 2015