感烟火灾探测器响应模拟问题研究

通过介绍感烟火灾探测器响应模拟的不同方法,给出了感烟火灾探测器响应模拟所存在的问题及在设计安装过程中所需的性能参数,提出了解决这些问题的思路和方法。同时为进一步提高感烟火灾探测器对火灾信号的准确响应,指出了今后火灾中烟气性能参数的研究方向。     

焊接切割与火灾

焊割火灾事故呈上升趋势。文章分析了焊割火灾爆炸危险性,并提出了预防措施。     

观炮间隔修正的数学模型

建立了观炮间隔修正的数学模型,使用本模型可以消除目前舰炮指挥仪公式系中未考虑舰艇摇摆对观炮间隔修正产生的射击误差。     

功能化离子液体的合成表征及其作为润滑剂的性质

通过两步法合成了含酯基官能团的咪唑类离子液体1-乙酸乙酯基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐，用核磁共振、红外光谱、元素分析对其进行了结构表征，证明了该合成方法的可靠性；对功能化离子液体的基本物化性质、熔点、热稳定性及其作为润滑剂的粘温性、蒸发损失、金属腐蚀性等进行了全面研究，并选择了含有相同烷基的1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐传统离子液体进行对比，发现官能团的引入，使传统烷基咪唑类离子液体展现出不同的特性，同时发现两种离子液体均对金属表面有较强的腐蚀作用，为进一步开展功能化离子液体的摩擦学研究打下了基础。     

适用于金属物体识别的L形无芯RFID标签设计

设计了一种L形无芯射频识别标签,该标签包含6个不同尺寸的L形散射单元,利用其交叉极化方向上的反向散射场进行识别。标签基于频域特征进行编码,每个标签可携带6 bit信息。使用CST仿真软件对所设计L形无芯RFID标签进行仿真,分析了L形散射单元的尺寸变化时对标签谐振特性的影响。此外,还仿真了标签的接地板尺寸增加后的情况,证明该标签可适用于金属物体的识别或金属背景下的物体识别。     

新型微纳材料制备的高性能室温太赫兹光电探测器

可室温运转的高灵敏度太赫兹探测器是该领域的难点。热电原理的太赫兹探测器为解决室温下的宽频段、高灵敏探测提供可能。通过利用石墨烯和钙钛矿等新型微纳材料的高载流子迁移率和优异的热电性能,制备出高性能室温运转的太赫兹光电探测器,探测的光电响应度最高可达到271 mA/W,响应时间小于20 ms。研究表明,石墨烯和钙钛矿等光热电探测器有望成为太赫兹频段新一代高性能探测器。     

Effect of welding processes and consumables on fatigue crack growth behaviour of armour grade quenched and tempered steel joints

Quenched and Tempered (Q&T) steels are widely used in the construction of military vehicles due to its high strength to weight ratio and high hardness. These steels are prone to hydrogen induced cracking (HIC) in the heat affected zone (HAZ) after welding. The use of austenitic stainless steel (ASS) consumables to weld the above steel was the only available remedy because of higher solubility for hydrogen in austenitic phase. The use of stainless steel consumables for a non-stainless steel base metal is not economical. Hence, alternate consumables for welding Q&T steels and their vulnerability to HIC need to be explored. Recent studies proved that low hydrogen ferritic steel (LHF) consumables can be used to weld Q&T steels, which can give very low hydrogen levels in the weld deposits. The use of ASS and LHF consumables will lead to distinct microstructures in their respective welds. This microstructural heterogeneity will have a drastic influence in the fatigue crack growth resistance of armour grade Q&T steel welds. Hence, in this investigation an attempt has been made to study the influence of welding consumables and welding processes on fatigue crack growth behaviour of armour grade Q&T Steel joints. Shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) and Flux cored arc welding (FCAW) were used for fabrication of joints using ASS and LHF consumables. The joints fabricated by SMAW process using LHF consumable exhibited superior fatigue crack growth resistance than all other joints.     

NICALON SiC/Al 预制丝热膨胀特性研究

本文研究了NICALON SiC束丝纤维增强铝预制丝在15～400℃温度区间内的热膨胀特性。研究表明预制丝两次热循环后得到的膨胀曲线不一致,该曲线在15～400℃范围的平均热膨胀系数分别为3.2×10~(-6)℃~(-1)、4.1×10~(-6)℃~(-1)。本文对预制丝的热膨胀行为进行了理论分析和探讨,计算值和实验值较为符合。     

Effects of nano-sized aluminum on detonation characteristics and metal acceleration for RDX-based aluminized explosive

Nano-sized aluminum(Nano-Al)powders hold promise in enhancing the total energy of explosives and the metal acceleration ability at the same time.However,the near-detonation zone effects of reaction between Nano-Al with detonation products remain unclear.In this study,the overall reaction process of 170 nm Al with RDX explosive and its effect on detonation characteristics,detonation reaction zone,and the metal acceleration ability were comprehensively investigated through a variety of experiments such as the detonation velocity test,detonation pressure test,explosive/window interface velocity test and confined plate push test using high-resolution laser interferometry.Lithium fluoride(LiF),which has an inert behavior during the explosion,was used as a control to compare the contribution of the reaction of aluminum.A thermochemical approach that took into account the reactivity of aluminum and ensuing detonation products was adopted to calculate the additional energy release by afterburn.Combining the numerical simulations based on the calculated afterburn energy and experimental results,the param-eters in the detonation equation of state describing the Nano-Al reaction characteristics were calibrated.This study found that when the 170 nm Al content is from 0％to 15％,every 5％increase of aluminum resulted in about a 1.3％decrease in detonation velocity.Manganin pressure gauge measurement showed no significant enhancement in detonation pressure.The detonation reaction time and reaction zone length of RDX/Al/wax/80/15/5 explosive is 64 ns and 0.47 mm,which is respectively 14％and 8％higher than that of RDX/wax/95/5 explosive(57 ns and 0.39 mm).Explosive/window interface velocity curves show that 170 nm Al mainly reacted with the RDX detonation products after the detonation front.For the recording time of about 10 μs throughout the plate push test duration,the maximum plate velocity and plate acceleration time accelerated by RDX/Al/wax/80/15/5 explosive is 12％and 2.9 μs higher than that of RDX/LiF/wax/80/15/5,respectively,indicating that the aluminum reaction energy significantly increased the metal acceleration time and ability of the explosive.Numerical simulations with JWLM explosive equation of state show that when the detonation products expanded to 2 times the initial volume,over 80％of the aluminum had reacted,implying very high reactivity.These results are significant in attaining a clear understanding of the reaction mechanism of Nano-Al in the development of aluminized explosives.     

一种有效的神经网络检测器

本文提出了一种有效的神经网络检测方法。该方法通过高效的自组织学习过程,使该神经网络对各种噪声或杂波分布能够快速准确地建模,最终能使在各种噪声分布条件下检测效果均逼近最佳检测器的性能。实验结果验明了该方法的有效性