军事法研究的价值取向与方法论

军事法研究的前提论证必须是重述军事学与法学二者如何作用才能推进军事法的繁荣 ,这一问题也应是军事法学科进路的研究宏线。军事法各子学科的理论视角都应围绕这一中轴展开。法学与军事学在军事法这一共同体中更多的体现了手段与目的的关系 ,而不是目的与目的的冲突与调和的关系 ,即军事法学是借用法学的理论来规范军事行为的一门社会科学。关于军事与法的内在冲突的理论阐述可以揭示军事法学研究应遵循的一般规则 ,为学科自治提供理论研究的方法平台。     

海军舰载导弹防空系统信息作战方法

信息与火力是海军舰载导弹防空系统研究的核心问题,运用信息作战原理,在给定攻击战机的条件下,对舰载导弹防空系统的信息与火力联合作战能力的分析表明:与提高作战安全性的隐形战机相比,军事诱骗战术更易降低舰载导弹防空系统的火力防御能力.火力对作战能力的贡献约为信息的4倍.根据这一结论,可以为海军舰载导弹防空系统开发出基于信息作战原理的新战法,全面提高指战员在实战中把握信息与火力的运用规律、实施信息作战、做出科学决策和夺取战场胜利的能力.     

Fencing the bear? Explaining US foreign policy towards Russian interventions

Despite the burgeoning literature on Russia’s renewed power politics, little attention has been paid to the fact that US reactions towards Russia’s military interventions were all but coherent. The USA has chosen weak measures in Georgia in 2008 (shaming) compared to its assertive response in Ukraine in 2014 (sanctions, hard deterrence). This article assesses the explanatory power of neorealist, liberal and constructivist theories for the variation in US reactions towards Russian interventions in Georgia and Ukraine. Our argument is that the constructivist perspective explains the cases best as it highlights the power and communality of normative assessments. The Ukraine crisis was perceived by the USA as a violation of core international norms, especially the non-use of force and the principle of territorial integrity. Relevant international norm carriers shared this assessment of the conflict. In contrast, the perception of the Georgian war centred on the issue of democracy promotion. While democracy is an important aim of US foreign policy, it does not summon the same normative importance as general principles of international law. Furthermore, the perception of the Georgian war remained contested among Western allies, which decreased the communality of the normative assessment.     

The Czech defence and security industry: taking the pulse to an ailing man

ABSTRACT

The paper summarises the evolution of the iron triangle of the mutual relationships amongst the ministry of defence, defence industry, and the political elite in the post-communist Czech Republic in 1990-2020. The essay stresses the oddness of this relationship. On the one hand, the government is bound by a partnership to the Defence and Security Industry Association of the Czech Republic (DSIA), a lobbying group of more than 100 organisations that conduct business in defence and security sector in Czechia. Yet, since its creation in 2000, this assemblage of industries within DSIA's market position is falling, in fact. Neither political parties in power, nor the governments have been able to support national defence industry through the small military. Just a few DSIA national members are able to compete internationally with their cutting-edge products. Others have evolved into middlemen trading intime-expired Czechoslovak equipment retired from the Czech Armed Forces.     

军事通信网信息优势指标及评估模型研究

军事通信网信息优势评估指标的确定和量化是C4ISR效能评估体系中的重要环节。针对军事通信网的特点,在分析信息优势定义的基础上,结合军事通信网的具体业务需求,深入分析网系完整性和精确性,利用期望时延重新定义时效性,并提出信息能力资源利用率指标,以及绝对信息优势、隐性信息优势和显性信息优势概念,根据所确定的指标,给出了军事通信网信息优势基本的定量描述方法。     

军事通信网节点重要度评估方法

针对军事通信网的应用环境和业务流传输的特殊性，考虑节点类型以及节点之间的相互关系，将节点按功能分为侦察节点、处理节点、指控节点、行动节点、传输节点五类节点。根据军事通信网信息流传输的特点，改进了传统的网络介数基本概念，定义了符合军事通信网特征的节点和链路重要度的新指标。最后，通过实例对军事通信网的节点重要度进行仿真计算，画出了所有节点重要度柱状分布图。     

军人犯罪刑事政策探究

刑事政策是大刑事法思想的基本范畴 ,军人犯罪刑事政策是国家基本刑事政策在军队的具体沿用。军人犯罪刑事政策是由军委就一定时期军队犯罪情况制订的原则性指导意见 ,它不直接对某一犯罪人作出评判 ,而是作为军事立法机关和司法机关形成最终法律判断的动态标准。     

基于Agent建模与仿真的军事对抗系统

军事对抗系统是复杂适应系统.基于Agent建模与仿真较好地克服了传统的建模技术存在的不足,为将军事对抗系统作为复杂适应系统研究提供了新的思路,开辟了军事对抗系统建模仿真的新领域.结合红蓝分队对抗实例,介绍了基于Agent建模与仿真技术建立分队对抗系统的全过程,并对其中的属性集、行为集、规则集、信用分派机制、底层交互、高层交互构建进行了深入的研究.该研究为建立基于Agent建模与仿真的Multi-Agent军事对抗系统提供了思路和参考.     

对改进军队院校研究生教育的几点思考

为进一步做好军队院校研究生培养工作,提高培养质量,造就高层次、高素质、富有创新精神、适应未来高技术局部战争需要的现代军事人才,现对新时期军队院校研究生培养与教育的模式、渠道进行一些初步探讨。     

The Persistent Deficit of Militia Officers in the Swiss Armed Forces: An Opportunity Cost Explanation

The Swiss Armed Forces are suffering from a structural deficit of militia officers despite good pay and a general supportive attitude in the population. Whereas, prior studies have focused on motivation to explain understaffing in armed forces, we offer an alternative approach based on opportunity cost. We model decision alternatives both within and outside a military organization, taking private sector employment as the reference point. We then monetize opportunity costs of leisure, fringe benefits, and private sector income not compensated. Our results suggest that in terms of opportunity cost, service as a militia officer is the least attractive option, an effect that we believe explains the persistent staff deficit. Implications of these findings for the literature and recruitment policy are discussed.