蚁群算法在无人机航路规划中的应用

蚂蚁算法是一种新的源于大自然生物界的仿生随机优化方法。吸收了昆虫中蚂蚁的行为特征,通过其内在的搜索机制,在一系列组合优化问题求解中取得了成效。将蚁群算法应用于无人机(UAV)航路规划,提出了一种适用于航路规划的优化方法,可以为在敌方防御区域内执行攻击任务的无人机规划设计出高效的飞行航路,保证无人机以最小的被发现概率及可接受航程到达目标点,提高了无人机作战任务的成功率。仿真结果初步表明该方法是一种有效的航路规划方法。     

基于改进快速扩展随机树的机械臂路径规划

针对机械臂路径规划问题,提出一种基于改进RRT算法的路径规划方法。改进RRT结合了目标偏置策略和贪婪生长策略的优点,在随机采样时,以一定概率使采样点偏置为目标节点,降低随机采样的盲目性,在目标节点方向上采用贪婪式扩展策略,增加随机树局部方向上的生长速度。RRT法规划路径结果并非最优,提出改进GPP法删除多余路径节点,优化机械臂运动路径。通过与Biased-RRT和Greedy-RRT数值仿真结果对比,证明了改进RRT在计算时间、迭代次数、扩展节点数上均优于以上方法。在机械臂两种典型工作环境中的仿真结果表明,使用该方法可以较好解决排爆机械臂避障路径规划问题。     

Analysis and optimal design of discrete order picking technologies along a line

Order picking accounts for most of the operating expense of a typical distribution center, and thus is often considered the most critical function of a supply chain. In discrete order picking a single worker walks to pick all the items necessary to fulfill a single customer order. Discrete order picking is common not only because of its simplicity and reliability, but also because of its ability to pick orders quickly upon receipt, and thus is commonly used by e‐commerce operations. There are two primary ways to reduce the cost (walking distance required) of the order picking system. First is through the use of technology—conveyor systems and/or the ability to transmit order information to pickers via mobile units. Second is through the design—where best to locate depots (where workers receive pick lists and deposit completed orders) and how best to lay out the product. We build a stochastic model to compare three configurations of different technology requirements: single‐depot, dual‐depot, and no‐depot. For each configuration we explore the optimal design. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008     

机载MIMO雷达稳健非均匀样本选择方法

针对杂波训练样本中混入干扰目标,导致空时自适应处理技术的杂波抑制性能下降问题,提出一种基于目标知识进行局部稀疏恢复的稳健训练样本挑选方法。该方法利用先验知识确定待检测单元中的目标区域,对整个角度-多普勒平面进行遍历,获得稀疏超完备基。通过变换矩阵对超完备基中对应的目标区域进行"挖空"处理,局部稀疏恢复出超分辨的杂波空时谱,获得杂波协方差矩阵估计。结合广义内积算法,实现非均匀训练样本挑选的过程。与常规结合广义内积方法相比,该方法对于不同干扰强度的训练样本,均有良好的检测效果。经仿真验证,所提方法的检验统计量之间区分度更加明显,对于干扰样本的挑选更加彻底,从而有效地提高了空时自适应处理技术的目标检测性能。     

基于几何算法的水下航行器路径规划

在分析水下航行器路径规划影响因素及主要障碍物特点的基础上,提出了一种基于几何算法的水下航行器路径规划算法,并采用该算法对障碍物进行建模和路径规划研究,解决了水下航行器航经多障碍物海区的路径规划问题.最后,通过仿真试验验证了该算法的准确性与可行性.     

Fully sequential procedures for comparing constrained systems via simulation

We consider the problem of finding the system with the best primary performance measure among a finite number of simulated systems in the presence of a stochastic constraint on a single real‐valued secondary performance measure. Solving this problem requires the identification and removal from consideration of infeasible systems (Phase I) and of systems whose primary performance measure is dominated by that of other feasible systems (Phase II). We use indifference zones in both phases and consider two approaches, namely, carrying out Phases I and II sequentially and carrying out Phases I and II simultaneously, and we provide specific example procedures of each type. We present theoretical results guaranteeing that our approaches (general and specific, sequential and simultaneous) yield the best system with at least a prespecified probability, and we provide a portion of an extensive numerical study aimed at evaluating and comparing the performance of our approaches. The experimental results show that both new procedures are useful for constrained ranking and selection, with neither procedure showing uniform superiority over the other.© 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2010     

单航天器无需变轨与Walker星座多星交会的充分条件及特性分析

以Walker星座为研究对象,对单航天器无需变轨实现多星交会的问题展开研究。从Walker星座相位同构特性出发,得到了单航天器无需变轨能够对多颗星座卫星交会的充分条件,对交会的星座卫星的数目和星座卫星组合等问题进行了研究。在此基础上,提出了利用解析法求解交会轨道的轨道设计方法,并对交会轨道的特性进行了分析。对交会更多星座卫星(大于3颗)的可能性展开了讨论。研究结果可为单航天器无需变轨对星座多星交会提供理论依据。     

论灭火救援初战

从基层中队灭火初战存在的＂四重四轻＂问题入手,通过深入分析原因,提出打好灭火初战必须采取＂抓部队训练是基础,抓攻坚队伍是手段,抓干部素质是关键,抓科学施救是根本＂的四项措施以及＂慎重、熟悉、控制、安全、全局＂的初战原则,对基层中队指挥员如何更科学地打好初战进行了初步探讨。     

基于转弯模型的自适应交互式多模型跟踪算法

针对舰炮火控系统中搜索雷达对来袭导弹跟踪为背景,提出一种基于坐标转弯模型(CT)的自适应交互多模型跟踪算法(AIMM-CV/CT),模型集取为一个匀速和一个坐标转弯模型,滤波器采用各子滤波器模型噪声方差在线计算调整的自适应交互式多模型算法;给出了比例导引规律来袭导弹的航路仿真方法,并对AIMM-CV/CT与IMM-CV/CT算法进行了仿真比较.仿真结果证明了本文算法的正确性和有效性.     

空间站零燃料大角度姿态机动路径存在性分析

零燃料大角度姿态机动技术是新近应用在国际空间站的新概念姿态控制技术。构造了以控制力矩陀螺为执行机构的空间站姿态控制动力学模型,在此基础上,建立了空间站本体与控制力矩陀螺之间的角动量守恒关系。针对各类大角度姿态机动任务,通过分析空间站惯量参数与控制力矩陀螺性能参数之间的解析关系,得到了零燃料大角度姿态机动路径的存在性条件。通过规划算例验证了存在性分析的正确性。所提出的零燃料大角度姿态机动存在性条件,为姿态机动路径的存在性判断提供了便捷可行的方法,为零燃料大角度姿态机动技术未来在我国空间站实施的可行性论证提供重要的理论依据。