军事指挥控制中的贝叶斯决策支持

军事指挥控制是一个复杂的决策过程,该过程中信息是结合定性的专家知识和定量的融合数据而得到的.贝叶斯网为指挥控制系统提供了一个框架来处理这种专家知识和具体数据相结合的问题,并且影响图作为贝叶斯网的延伸可被用于分析指挥控制系统中某个决策的可行性.进一步地,为了减少所需指定的条件概率的数量并引入时变的概念,提出动态影响网作为一种新的决策支持方法.     

试件水灰比和胶砂比对混凝土硫酸盐侵蚀速度影响

通过大量试验,采用强度指标研究了试件水灰比和胶砂比对硫酸盐侵蚀速度的影响.结果表明:试件的水灰比越大,胶砂比越小,侵蚀速度越快;为了加快硫酸盐侵蚀速度,宜采用大水灰比、小胶砂比的试件.在各种条件下,硫酸钠侵蚀破坏的速度比硫酸镁侵蚀快.对硫酸钠型侵蚀,采用抗折抗蚀系数作为判定指标较为合理,而对硫酸镁型侵蚀,应该综合考虑抗折抗蚀系数和抗压抗蚀系数.     

科氏流量计信号相位差测量新算法

对科氏流量计信号进行处理时,传统相位差测量算法存在较大误差。为更好地抑制频谱泄露,提高相位差测量精度,在传统DTFT算法的基础上,通过矩形窗和汉宁窗卷积运算构造出一种新窗——RHC窗。计及负频率成分的影响,提出了一种基于RHC窗的DTFT相位差测量新算法。详细阐述了新算法的原理,并与传统DTFT算法进行了对比仿真,验证了新算法的有效性。     

基于贝叶斯网络的武器装备可靠性分析

针对复杂系统,尤其是国外进口武器装备可靠性判断的局限性,研究了一种基于贝叶斯网络的可靠性评估方法。结合系统连接逻辑与贝叶斯网络的映射关系建立了可靠性评估模型,并用该方法对机载吊舱和航空动力系统的可靠性进行了分析。结果表明,该方法不仅能够快速计算系统的可靠度,确定出某一组件(部件)对系统可靠性的影响程度,而且可以为其他进口装备的分析提供参考。     

恐怖活动对新疆边境地区的影响及对策

长期以来,新疆恐怖活动组织与＂三股势力＂相勾结,制造了多起恐怖活动事件,给新疆边境地区的安全与稳定带来了严重威胁。为此,针对新疆边境地区的特殊性以及恐怖活动的态势,分析了恐怖活动对新疆边境地区的影响,从提升反恐的主动发现能力、加强情报预警工作、加强防范措施的严密性等方面提出了遏制新疆恐怖活动的对策。     

高考弃考现象探析及对策研究

本文以高考弃考为研究对象,从城市学生弃考留学、农村学生无奈弃考、国内教育制度及用人制度自身弊端三个方面探析高考弃考产生的原因,进而阐述高考弃考本身兼具的积极影响和消极影响,最后提出对策建议:引入市场竞争机制,提升教育国际竞争力;创设多元成才途径,重视终身教育;拓宽就业渠道,转变就业心态;高校自身采取有效手段积极调整;切实推进教育制度改革。     

Witchcraft and African development

Impressive investment and growth figures and commercial write-ups enthusing about ‘Africa rising up’, ‘the continent of the future’, and so on, obscure the poverty, illiteracy, poor health and other hardships afflicting the vast majority of African people. Why has massive so-called development and technical ‘aid’ not created the expected dynamic, autonomous economic progress? A blind eye is delicately being turned to the decisive role of people – more specifically, the cultural element. Notwithstanding good intentions, outsiders seeking to promote development assume that black Africans think and act like they only need more education, training and finance in order to ‘catch up’. Outsiders easily forget that since time immemorial, Africans have developed and cherished worldviews and cultures of their own. While these are by no means immutable and do adapt to changing needs and outside influences, Africans refuse to cast off overnight the heritage that makes them the people they are. This paper examines the impact of witchcraft as an integral feature of traditional culture on African existence, notably community life, religion, politics, the law, and economic practice. It stresses the significance of traditional society's powerful egalitarian impulses as well as its profound conviction that all things – goods, wealth, well-being and life force – are in a strictly limited supply that cannot be increased, but can only be redistributed by force or through magical manipulation. While modern life gradually weakens the influence of witchcraft beliefs – in Europe these flourished well into the 18th century – the exasperation associated with Africa's headlong urbanisation actually bolsters these beliefs.     

On a class of multiple failure mode systems

The primary objective of this work is to introduce and perform a detailed study of a class of multistate reliability structures in which no ordering in the levels of components' performances is necessary. In particular, the present paper develops the basic theory (exact reliability formulae, reliability bounds, asymptotic results) that will make it feasible to investigate systems whose components are allowed to experience m ≥ 2 kinds of failure (failure modes), and their breakdown is described by different families of cut sets in each mode. For illustration purposes, two classical (binary) systems are extended to analogous multiple failure mode structures, and their reliability performance (bounds and asymptotic behavior) is investigated by numerical experimentation. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 49: 167–185, 2002; DOI 10.1002/nav.10007     

一种人工免疫系统改进算法的仿真研究

针对人工免疫系统在处理多维向量分类时存在的初始抗体数量“爆炸”问题,对人工免疫系统的反向选择算法进行改进,研究了初始抗体的生成机理,并在初始抗体的生成条件中加入新的约束,降低了人工免疫系统所需的初始抗体数量,解决了多维向量的分类问题,在实际应用中有着很强的推广应用价值。     

学分制的实施对大学生思想政治教育的影响及对策

学分制的建立与完善在高校的改革和发展中具有重要意义,它给大学生思想政治教育带来了深远的影响。面对影响,大学生思想政治教育不但不能削弱,而且要进一步强化。