析行政法的平衡论

从行政立法、行政执法、权力手段的淡化、行政救济制度的出现等方面论述了平衡论是现代行政法的精义 ,并阐明了以平衡论指导行政法的重大意义及如何正确、全面看待平衡论。     

一种基于证据间距离和信息熵的证据组合方法?

针对改进的基于证据间距离的组合方法，首先计算证据间距离并求出各个证据的支持度和可信度，选取支持度高的作为较可信证据，其次引入证据信息熵，计算修正系数，对这些证据的可信度进行修正，将可信度作为权重，进行证据的加权平均，再利用Dempster组合规则对所有证据进行融合。算例表明，该方法比现有的方法更加有效。     

Prospect theory and foreign policy decision-making: Underexposed issues,advancements, and ways forward

How much mileage can we get out of prospect theory to explain foreign policy decision-making? To answer this question, we first argue that risk as outcome uncertainty is the appropriate definition in prospect-theoretical applications. Then, we indicate that probability weighting—a crucial component of prospect theory—is typically ignored in such applications. We argue why this is problematic and suggest how to move forward. Next, we discuss how to establish the reference point in the face of outcomes in multiple dimensions, as is typically the case in foreign policy decision-making. Finally, we discuss what we have learnt regarding prospect theory’s scope conditions and the differences across individuals in the theory’s applicability. Overall, our contribution lies in identifying several underexposed or neglected issues (e.g., the definition of risk and probability weighting), in examining the advancements regarding prospect theory’s scope conditions, and in discussing avenues for further research.     

相控阵雷达维修方案优选方法研究

针对相控阵雷达维修方案的选择问题,确定了维修方案的决策属性,并提出一种基于改进TOPSIS法的相控阵雷达维修方案优选方法。该方法通过引入Vague集来处理维修方案选择中存在的模糊信息,并采用博弈论综合赋权法来确定决策属性的综合权重。通过计算各备选方案与正、负理想方案的灰色关联度,得到了维修方案的灰色关联相对贴近度,进而实现对维修方案的排序和选择。最后,通过算例应用与分析,对提出的方法进行了验证。     

采用3电平非均匀量化的脉冲编码策略

作为全数字发信机系统中广泛应用的一种脉冲编码技术,Delta-Sigma调制(Delta-Sigma Modulation, DSM)通过增加量化电平,能够实现调制性能的提升。但限于全数字发信机系统开关功放的具体结构,多电平DSM序列无法直接驱动后级功放电路。在传统3电平DSM基础上,通过引入面积等效原理和非均匀量化技术,提出了适用于开关功放的一种新的脉冲编码策略。理论分析和仿真结果表明,相比常规2电平DSM序列,采用该策略获得的调制脉冲序列具有更优的带内SNR和编码效率性能。     

Hybrid warfare through the lens of strategic theory

Hybrid warfare is the latest of the terms/concepts that have been used within the defence community in the last three decades to label contemporary warfare. It has been officially adopted in the core strategic documents of NATO, EU and national governments and has already inspired many articles, policy papers and books; however, this paper is unique in the sense that it analysis the hybrid warfare concept through the lens of strategic theory. It is argued that hybrid warfare does not merit the adoption as a doctrinal concept. Strategic theory instead, which lies at the nexus of all dimensions of warfare, provides a better viewpoint to approach contemporary warfare. It concludes that efforts should be directed towards exploring warfare under the light of eternal principles instead of proving the emergence of new types of warfare.     

Zr基块体非晶合金屈服行为及屈服准则研究

为了明确块体非晶合金屈服行为与屈服准则的关系,对非晶合金屈服强度间相互关系以及试验中拉伸和压缩断裂面与最大剪应力作用的45°倾斜面的偏离角度进行分析,应用滑移线间断场理论和Mises屈服条件计算出拉伸颈缩断裂面与载荷轴夹角和块体非晶合金实验结果的一致性,利用Coulomb屈服条件计算出的单轴压缩断裂面倾斜角与实验结果相吻合,确定块体非晶合金在不同应力状态下遵循不同的屈服准则:在拉伸条件下该块体非晶合金遵循Mises屈服准则;在压缩条件下遵循Coulomb屈服准则。     

Fighting a Just War in the Midst of an Unreasonable International Strife: World War I and the Collapse of the Central European System of the Triple Imperial Dominion

ABSTRACT

This article constitutes an attempt to demonstrate the complexity of factors affecting the legitimate acquisition and reasonable exercise by a political community of the right to war as specified in the just war criteria of jus ad bellum. To achieve this purpose, a brief analysis is presented of the intentional participation in World War I of thousands of Polish volunteers forming military units deployed by the Central Powers on the Austrian-Russian front. Considered in light of the standard principles of just war, the military enterprise of the Polish Legions, as they were called, turns out to be a paradoxical instance of warfare which, while being part of a state-to-state aggression, must be deemed compliant with all the principles in question. As a means of explaining this paradox, a modification of the concept of justified intervention is proposed, embracing military efforts aimed at the ultimate defeat of all the (unjustly) warring parties operating within a given territory. In consonance with the classic just war approach, it is also argued that the justification for such an intervention is essentially dependent on its being initiated by, or attributable to, an unquestionable state agent acting in defence of the state’s basic prerogatives.     

两级信息融合技术在柴油机故障诊断中的应用

针对传统神经网络在故障诊断中因测点信息多而导致的网络庞大、收敛困难等问题,引入集成神经网络,提高了融合诊断效率;同时引入基于D-S证据理论,这种决策融合方法解决了集成神经网络各个子网诊断结果不一致的问题。在应用于柴油机故障诊断时,首先对测取的正常和故障样本进行小波包AR谱分析,同时提取各个特征频带的能量分别作为集成神经网络对应子网的输入进行诊断,当其无法确定诊断结果时,再运用证据理论进行决策融合输出最终诊断结果。试验证明:基于集成神经网络和D-S证据理论的两级综合诊断模型提高了诊断的准确性和可靠性。     

新型低后坐膨胀波火炮的原理分析及模型研究

系统地介绍了各种低后坐武器的工作原理和存在的相应缺陷,并在此基础上全面介绍了一种新型低后坐武器--膨胀波火炮的工作原理、性能,以及目前尚待解决的技术问题.同时根据膨胀波火炮的工作方式,考虑发射过程中混合流体的相间作用,采用两相流理论中的分流法建立描述膛内射击过程的内弹道两相流气动力模型,分析了其减小后坐和降低身管温度的机理,并给出了相应的数值解法.