如何改善路径测试用例生成的搜索算法

软件结构测试数据生成一直是软件测试领域一个较为复杂的问题,方法和手段尚未成熟。基于程序直接执行的测试数据生成方法因其动态性,显示出一定的优越性,本文主要针对该方法的核心部分——搜索算法进行讨论,探讨了有助于改善其功能的若干手段,目的在于提高算法效率,提高其实用化程度,显示出较好的实验效果。     

新时期公安边防部队基层思想政治教育的创新与改进

公安边防部队基层面对新形势、新任务和新要求,必须不断创新和改进思想政治教育的内容、方法和机制,增强思想政治教育的时效性,强化官兵精神支柱,促进部队基层全面建设。     

案例教学法的认识论分析

案例教学法是不同于传统的讲授式的教学方法,它遵循了从现象到本质,从感性认识到理性认识的认识规律;实现了学生由认知客体向认知主体的转变;其逻辑方法的本质是假说———演绎法,其机制是共同体内的讨论。论文分析了案例教学法中存在的问题,并提出了提高案例教学法效果的建议。     

维修性对装备维修工作量的影响分析

通过对装备维修工作量构成的论述,指出装备维修性是决定装备维修工作量的主要因素;通过对装备的维修性的分析,提出了提高装备维修性的有效途径,以达到减少装备维修工作量的目的.结合维修性案例,说明通过改进装备设计提高其维修性具有较大的实际价值.     

关于案例教学的思考

案例教学体现了人作为实践主体参与选择的“自组织系统” ,是对传统“灌输式”、“注入式”教学方法的创新和突破。消防指挥专业实施案例教学 ,能够促进学员实践能力的培养 ,促进学员的创造性思维 ,促进教学改革。     

Integrated scheduling of loading and transportation with tractors and semitrailers separated

Motivated by some practical applications, we study a new integrated loading and transportation scheduling problem. Given a set of jobs, a single crane is available to load jobs, one by one, onto semitrailers with a given capacity. Loaded semitrailers are assigned to tractors for transportation tasks. Subject to limited resources (crane, semitrailers, and tractors), the problem is to determine (1) an assignment of jobs to semitrailers for loading tasks, (2) a sequence for the crane to load jobs onto semitrailers, (3) an assignment of loaded semitrailers to tractors for transportation tasks, and (4) a transportation schedule of assigned tractors such that the completion time of the last transportation task is minimized. We first formulate the problem as a mixed integer linear programming model (MILPM) and prove that the problem is strongly NP‐hard. Then, optimality properties are provided which are useful in establishing an improved MILPM and designing solution algorithms. We develop a constructive heuristic, two LP‐based heuristics, and a recovering beam search heuristic to solve this problem. An improved procedure for solutions by heuristics is also presented. Furthermore, two branch‐and‐bound (B&B) algorithms with two different lower bounds are developed to solve the problem to optimality. Finally, computational experiments using both real data and randomly generated data demonstrate that our heuristics are highly efficient and effective. In terms of computational time and the number of instances solved to optimality in a time limit, the B&B algorithms are better than solving the MILPM. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 62: 416–433, 2015     

基于案例推理的装甲装备故障排除方法

针对装备维修对实践经验的依赖以及经验的隐性化特点,重点对故障案例的表示及案例库组织进行研究,奠定案例检索的基础,优化基于案例推理的装甲装备故障排除方法。     

具有C轴取向Al3+掺杂型ZnO薄膜的溶胶-凝胶法制备及其性能研究

以乙二醇甲醚为溶剂,采用Sol-Gel法制备出具有C轴取向、可导电的Al3+离子掺杂ZnO透明薄膜,并利用场发射扫描电镜、X-射线衍射、能谱分析、标准四探针和反射光谱仪等对薄膜的组成、结构和光学性能进行了分析.结果表明:Al3+离子掺杂ZnO薄膜为六方纤锌矿型结构,由六棱柱状阵列构成,具有C轴择优取向;薄膜电阻率随Al3+离子掺杂浓度的升高而降低;在可见光区域,薄膜透光率随Al3+离子掺杂浓度的升高而降低,掺杂3％ ZnO薄膜的透光率达到90％左右,禁带宽度为3.25 eV,具备制作薄膜太阳能电池透明导电电极材料的应用价值.     

纯方位系统TMA案例分析

在研究纯方位系统目标运动分析(TMA)的数学模型中,有些存在原理性错误.以两个典型例子,指出了错误所在,并分析了错误的原因.一个是不了解纯方位系统TMA基本原理;另一个是在使用最小二乘法时,对量测函数是待估量线性时常、线性时变、非线性关系或待估量与量测采样点函数关系认识不足,从而导致不能正确使用最小二乘法的错误.     

Linear compound algorithms for the partitioning problem

For a given set S of nonnegative integers the partitioning problem asks for a partition of S into two disjoint subsets S₁ and S₂ such that the sum of elements in S₁ is equal to the sum of elements in S₂. If additionally two elements (the kernels) r₁, r₂ ∈ S are given which must not be assigned to the same set S_i, we get the partitioning problem with kernels. For these NP‐complete problems the authors present two compound algorithms which consist both of three linear greedylike algorithms running independently. It is shown that the worst‐case performance of the heuristic for the ordinary partitioning problem is 12/11, while the second procedure for partitioning with kernels has a bound of 8/7. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 47: 593–601, 2000