基于模拟退火算法的防空导弹体系优化部署研究

依据防空导弹体系部署的原则和要求,应用模拟退火算法(简称SA算法),解决防空导弹体系优化部署问题。通过对该算法的具体步骤的详细介绍,结合实例进行仿真,得出各型防空导弹组成体系时的优化部署,能够很好的解决关系防空导弹体系整体作战效能发挥的重心问题,为决策者提供参考。     

逼近理想点法在防空兵战斗部署方案排序中的应用

针对指挥员就多个防空兵战斗部署方案难以取舍的问题,运用逼近理想点法进行排序。在分析影响防空兵战斗部署方案因素的基础上确定影响方案优劣的几个重要指标。根据现有的防空兵战斗部署方案,假设不可能存在的一个正理想方案和一个负理想方案,运用逼近理想点法,计算各个方案到理想方案的相对贴近度,得到贴近度最大的为最佳方案。通过实例分析对该方法进行了检验,可为指挥员定下决心提供参考。     

基于排队论的防空兵力部署优化模型

兵力部署优化问题是防空指控系统的重要研究内容之一。针对多型防空武器多层多区段混合部署问题,对异型空袭武器和防空武器基于作战效能标准化处理,基于排队论给出空袭武器的突防概率计算模型,将防空武器系统综合防御效能作为优化目标,建立多型防空武器扇形部署优化模型。仿真实验验证了优化模型的有效性和合理性,可为科学制定兵力部署方案提供参考。     

The African Standby Force: The African Union’s tool for the maintenance of peace and security

Declared operationally ready in 2016, the African Standby Force (ASF) has not been deployed in its originally designed form. This is not for the lack of opportunities but rather a demonstration of the power of the Regional Economic Communities/Regional Mechanisms (RECs/RMs) – Africa’s sub-regional security structures – over matters of peace and security. Experience gathered from its short existence suggests that the ASF may never be deployed in its current form. It may instead evolve into a robust framework, adaptable mainly by the RECs/RMs, for addressing varied security challenges. Four things are critical to enhancing the utility of the ASF: the political willingness of the RECs/RMs, the strategic interest of the member states, predictable and sustainable financing, and clarity on the role of the African Capability for Immediate Response to Crisis, the temporary battlegroup that was created to provide the African Union with a rapid response capability, pending the ASF’s operationalization.     

EU Battlegroups: High costs,no benefits

This article reviews the gloomy saga of the EU Battlegroups, focusing on four questions: Where do they come from? What do they look like? What have they been hindered by? And where do they go from here? It builds upon earlier findings in the literature and adds novel insights based on original data. In doing so, the article pays particular attention to the standby nations’ constant calculation of political and financial costs. It argues that recognizing these cost–benefit calculations allows for identifying the most crucial areas to be tackled to make the EU Battlegroups functional. In addition, the article stresses that these considerations play out in a setting wherein the Battlegroups are just one among many policy instruments available for rapid response.     

兵力展开问题研究

如何将基地的兵力以最短时间展开到多个阵地中,是运输问题中的一种。为解决此问题对著名的兵力展开问题进行了研究。建立了兵力展开问题的数学模型,此模型是一个混合整数规划模型。提出了一种求解方法,该方法可解决类似的混合整数规划问题。最后给出了一个实例。     

分布式小卫星SAR回波仿真快速算法

回波信号仿真是研究分布式小卫星SAR系统的基础,对于系统总体设计具有重要意义。大范围自然场景回波仿真导致巨大的计算量。快速算法基于FFT实现,首先在时域利用脉冲序列近似表征场景在慢时刻的响应,然后利用FFT在频域实现线性时不变滤波以产生场景回波,算法能够有效减小运算量。对仿真的回波进行成像和干涉处理,结果验证了算法的有效性。     

测控站布局对区域卫星导航系统的影响

建立区域卫星导航系统的测控网是卫星导航系统要解决的关键问题之一。讨论国内测控站的布设问题,采用网格计算方法分析国内测控站对导航星座的可观测性。引入位置精度衰减因子PDOP和定轨中的法矩阵条件数,分析测控网对导航星座的观测几何结构强度以及测站位置分布对轨道确定精度的影响,仿真结果表明,利用我国有限的国土跨度和航天测控资源可以确保对导航卫星的测控任务的完成。对在国外布设测控站进行讨论和仿真,结果说明位于国外的测控站(如可在澳大利亚的珀斯设站)的加入能明显改善观测的几何结构强度、提高导航卫星的轨道精度。     

Why do they serve? Changes and differences in motives of Danish soldiers deployed to peace-keeping and peace-enforcing missions

This paper investigates what motivates young people to volunteer for peace-keeping or peace-enforcing missions and how their motives change between pre- and post-deployment. Data include information about social and military background, and motives for more than 600 soldiers, 444 of whom answered the survey both before and after deployment. Soldiers are deployed to different missions under the same circumstances. To conceptualize motives among soldiers, we use factor analysis and find three factors: challenge, self-benefit, and fidelity. Challenge represents an occupational orientation; fidelity, an institutional orientation; and self-benefit, a desire for adventure. Exploiting the within-subject design of our data, we find that pre- and post-deployment motives vary significantly according to the type of mission and soldiers’ previous experiences (first-timers or experienced soldiers). Our results suggest that after the mission, peace-keepers are generally more disappointed than peace-enforcers. Our results also show that self-benefit motives are important for younger soldiers with only a high school education, and that this group usually serves as peace-enforcers during their gap year.     

临近空间传感器分布式组网研究

研究了临近空间分布式传感器网联合发现目标概率,探讨了区域警戒传感器网中部署传感器数目与该网总发现概率等的关系,提出了3种特殊的分布式网络传感器区域的布防模式,并建立了定量评价传感器网性能指标的数学模型。模型的建立为定量评估传感器组网系统效能奠定了理论基础,也为分布式传感器网络系统的部署优化、传感器的选配等提供决策依据。