带三维落角约束的寻的导弹制导与姿控系统设计

针对带三维落角约束的寻的导弹制导与姿态控制系统设计问题,提出一种基于终端滑模控制和扩张状态观测器的六自由度制导控制系统设计方法。建立包含模型不确定项的寻的导弹六自由度质心与绕质心模型,设计内外双层环路六自由度制导控制系统框架;基于弹-目三维相对运动模型和坐标系转移矩阵建立以攻角和侧滑角为输入的三维全耦合导引方程,利用终端滑模控制方法和扩展状态观测器得到期望的攻角和侧滑角并将其转化为对应的俯仰、偏航和滚转角指令;根据线性形式的寻的导弹绕质心动力学方程,设计与俯仰、偏航和滚转角相关的滑模面向量,并利用终端滑模控制方法和扩张状态观测器得到寻的导弹的副翼偏角、方向舵偏角和俯仰舵偏角指令。六自由度数值仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性和鲁棒性,并证明了该制导控制系统设计方法能以较少的控制设计参数完成预设的制导控制任务。     

区域和参数化可靠性灵敏度指标及其解法

针对基于方差的全局可靠性灵敏度指标,分别提出基于方差的区域和参数化可靠性灵敏度指标,以衡量输入变量的取值区域发生变化时或输入变量的方差减小时整个输入变量系统对失效概率不确定性贡献的变化情况。然后从Pearson相关系数的视角分别将所提指标表述成无条件失效域指示函数与固定某一随机输入时的条件失效域指示函数之间的相关系数。在此转换的基础上,提出基于Pearson相关系数的两种求解方法,一种采用蒙特卡洛方法重复抽样进行循环计算,另一种借鉴重要抽样的思想。功能函数的计算样本可重复使用而不增加任何额外的计算代价,故后者大大提高了求解所提区域和参数化灵敏度指标的计算效率。算例结果验证了所提指标的合理性,同时也证明了所提方法的准确性与高效性。     

低错误平层数列分割移位低密度奇偶校验码构造算法

为降低LDPC(低密度奇偶校验码)码错误平层,提出一种基于环分类搜索的APPS-LDPC(数列分割移位的LDPC)码构造算法。该算法具有码长、码率和列重的任意可设性,同时该类码的Tanner图围长至少为8。循环移位因子可以通过简单的代数表达式描述,从而降低内存需求。仿真结果表明,当误码率达到10-5时,APPS-LDPC码(496,248)相对于PEG-LDPC(渐进边增长LDPC)码获得了约1.9 d B的性能提升;随着信噪比的升高,两条译码性能曲线之间的差距将更大。此外,列重为3的APPS-LDPC码(6144,5376)在信噪比4.6 d B以后并未出现明显的错误平层。该构造算法与PS-LDPC码相比,在误码率达到10-8时大约获得0.25 d B增益;与围长为4和6的PEG构造算法相比,在错误平层区域其译码性能极优;同时相较于此两者,其构造复杂度和耗时也展现出一定优势。通过基于Tanner图的诱捕集分析方法,统计APPS-LDPC码(496,248)中由8环组成的部分小型诱捕集并不存在,从而证明了其错误平层降低的原因。     

临空高超声速飞行器目标特性分析

临空高超声速飞行器经过几十年的发展,已经从概念原理探索阶段进入到成果应用阶段,其军事潜力和作战效能日益凸显。主要以美军高超声速无人飞行器、空天飞机和高超声速巡航导弹为研究对象,从临空高超声速飞行器的运动特性、电磁特性和红外特性3个方面展开论述,同时结合典型目标进行建模仿真分析;着重探讨了目标特性对未来作战性能的影响。临空高超声速飞行器目标特性的分析研究,为新型防空体系的构建提供了参考,为未来探测跟踪拦截此类目标奠定了基础。     

基于引导员负荷的指挥引导容量评估

针对目前传统指挥引导容量评估不准确的问题,通过对空战指挥引导容量与引导员负荷的综合分析,提出了基于引导员负荷的指挥引导容量评估方法。基于引导员负荷重新定义了指挥引导容量,给出了引导员负荷的确定方法,并建立了指挥引导容量评估模型。最后对某指挥机构进行实例评估,评估结果表明所提出的指挥引导容量评估方法将评估误差控制在1批之内。     

美军维修改革发展研究

维修保障是武器装备形成战斗力的关键要素。随着国际形势和美国国内经济、科技等方面的发展变化,美军的维修策略、维修技术以及维修保障信息化等方面也在不断变革。总结了2000年前后至今,美军在维修保障方面的重大变革,对其发展趋势进行了预测,并结合我军装备保障实际,积极探索切实可行的有效对策。     

基于知识的敏捷指挥控制系统演化方法

为提升指挥控制系统应对变化的能力、解决当前指挥控制系统敏捷演化的难点问题,提出了基于知识的敏捷指挥控制系统演化方法。结合领域知识,对上下文和指挥控制规则进行建模,给出了实现敏捷指挥控制的知识推理方法和基于知识的敏捷指挥控制系统演化机制,为指挥控制系统敏捷演化奠定了基础。最后,试验验证该方法能有效提升指挥控制系统敏捷演化水平。     

Too much Western bias? The need for a more culturally adaptable approach to post-conflict security sector reform

The existing guidelines for security sector reform (SSR) tend to draw on theoretical work in the field of civil–military relations, which in turn has been derived from Western, liberal democratic models of governance. Although guidelines strongly advise that local culture and context need to be considered when drawing up objectives for post-conflict SSR programmes, this is not often reflected in practice. This article considers some of the reasons for this, citing both in-country challenges and donor-related issues, and suggests that one of the biggest problems is a lack of alternative, non-orthodox models of civil–military relations to draw upon. It is further suggested that elements of suitable alternative models may be found in states which possess political structures not entirely dissimilar to the Western, liberal democratic ideal, but which can offer different perspectives. Detailed research of these structures should produce a pool of sub-models which could then be employed to create bespoke, culturally appropriate objectives for use in post-conflict SSR programmes.     

The fertile ground of Hell’s carnival: Charles T. R. Bohannan and the US Army’s Counter Intelligence Corps’ investigations of war criminals,collaborators, and the Huk,in the Philippines 1945–1947

Insurgencies thrive in regions where government legitimacy is absent. In the post-war Philippines, Captain Charles T. R. Bohannan of the Army’s Counter Intelligence Corps became actively aware of this dynamic. Bohannan is best known for his later work with Edward Lansdale and Ramon Magsaysay in defeating the Huk Rebellion (1950–1954). Here the author examines Bohannan’s early investigative work against Japanese war criminals, wartime Filipino collaborators, and the rising threat of communist subversion most associated with the Huk. All of these experiences fed into what would be the successful campaign against the Huk, chronicled in his seminal work, Counter Guerrilla Operations: The Philippines Experience, and offers lessons on the investigative (as opposed to tactical or psychological) nature of effective counter-insurgency work, as it relates to both legitimacy in governance and the rise of insurgencies.     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.