A learning tabu search for a truck allocation problem with linear and nonlinear cost components

The two‐level problem studied in this article consists of optimizing the refueling costs of a fleet of locomotives over a railway network. The goal consists of determining: (1) the number of refueling trucks contracted for each yard (truck assignment problem denoted TAP) and (2) the refueling plan of each locomotive (fuel distribution problem denoted FDP). As the FDP can be solved efficiently with existing methods, the focus is put on the TAP only. In a first version of the problem (denoted (P1)), various linear costs (e.g., fuel, fixed cost associated with each refueling, weekly operating costs of trucks) have to be minimized while satisfying a set of constraints (e.g., limited capacities of the locomotives and the trucks). In contrast with the existing literature on this problem, two types of nonlinear cost components will also be considered, based on the following ideas: (1) if several trucks from the same fuel supplier are contracted for the same yard, the supplier is likely to propose discounted prices for that yard (Problem (P2)); (2) if a train stops too often on its route, a penalty is incurred, which represents the dissatisfaction of the clients (Problem (P3)). Even if exact methods based on a mixed integer linear program formulation are available for (P1), they are not appropriate anymore to tackle (P2) and (P3). Various methods are proposed for the TAP: a descent local search, a tabu search, and a learning tabu search (LTS). The latter is a new type of local search algorithm. It involves a learning process relying on a trail system, and it can be applied to any combinatorial optimization problem. Results are reported and discussed for a large set of instances (for (P1), (P2), and (P3)), and show the good performance of LTS. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 62:32–45, 2015     

某自动补弹系统翻转机构的优化设计

根据自动补弹系统中翻转机构的功能和设计要求,设计了一种新型的翻转机构,使用ADAMS软件对其进行优化设计,得到相应的曲线和较为理想的结果参数。结果表明通过对翻转机构的优化设计,为自动补弹系统翻转机构的改进设计起到指导作用,该方法对自动补弹系统中其他机构的优化分析也具有一定参考价值。     

试论维和警察工作快速反应机制的构建

维和警察是一种高危职业,建立快速反应机制是维和警察工作发展、降低维和警察风险和公安外交工作的需要。分析建立维和警察工作快速反应机制的意义和快速反应机制的基本构建框架,提出快速反应机制的运行原则。     

全面提升公安机关消防机构执法公信力的思考

公安机关消防机构只有全面加强消防执法规范化建设,全面开展廉政教育活动,努力提高人民群众对消防执法工作的认可度和满意度,才能进一步提升消防执法的公信力。分析公安机关消防机构执法公信力现状,提出全面提升公安机关消防机构执法公信力的对策。     

基于显著性的红外图像强固定模式噪声抑制*

本文针对红外成像设备对天远距离观测中得到的小目标、强固定模式噪声这一类典型数据提出基于显著性的红外图像强固定模式噪声抑制算法。文中首先对此类图像数据进行特性分析,指出图像中目标区域相对于背景固定模式噪声区域是显著的,利用显著性检测算法分离出图像中目标区域及背景,对不同区域分别采取不同处理,仅基于单幅图像信息实现强固定模式噪声的有效抑制。最后,通过大量小目标、强固定模式噪声红外图像对算法性能进行测试,结果表明,本算法能够准确提取出图像中目标区域,实现图像中强固定模式噪声的有效抑制。     

A search game on a cyclic graph

There is a finite cyclic graph. The hider chooses one of all nodes except the specified one, and he hides an (immobile) object there. At the beginning the seeker is at the specified node. After the seeker chooses an ordering of the nodes except the specified one, he examines each nodes in that order until he finds the object, traveling along edges. It costs an amount when he moves from a node to an adjacent one and also when he checks a node. While the hider wishes to maximize the sum of the traveling costs and the examination costs which are required to find the object, the seeker wishes to minimize it. The problem is modeled as a two‐person zero‐sum game. We solve the game when unit costs (traveling cost + examination cost) have geometrical relations depending on nodes. Then we give properties of optimal strategies of both players. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2004.     

渐开线球齿轮齿廓曲面方程的推导

介绍了一种新发明的球齿轮机构,建立了新型球齿轮齿廓曲面的参数方程。推导了渐开线齿廓曲线的通用表达式,对其进行旋转变换得到了球齿轮机构中齿轮的环形齿面方程。利用双自由度啮合理论,进一步推导出新型球齿轮的啮合方程,最后推导出渐开线球齿轮共轭齿廓曲面方程。理论结果证明了渐开线环面齿廓的共轭齿廓曲面仍然是渐开线环形曲面。     

起重机吊重摆角的产生机理与动态仿真研究

针对吊重二自由度摆角非线性动力学模型,研究了起重机吊重摆角的产生机理和摆角的影响因素。起重机小车和大车同时做加（减）速的复合运动时,产生吊重二自由度摆角,摆角的大小受起升绳长度和小车运行加（减）速度大小的影响。动态仿真表明：小车运行加（减）速度对摆角的影响比绳长度显著;小车起动和制动时,吊重做受迫摆动;当小车加（减）速度增大l倍时,吊重摆角约增大0．12rad,摆速约增大0．164rad／s;当绳长度增加2m时,摆角和摆速无明显变化,吊重自由摆动的周期约增加1．3s。     

论英语教学中学生创新能力的培养

创新教育是以开发创新性思维为核心、以培养创新性人才为基本价值取向的教育。在英语教学中,应大力推行实施创新教育,激发学生的创新性思维,引导学生进行创新性学习,从而提高学习效率,获得最佳学习效果。教师要"授之以渔",营造创新环境,有效培养学生和创新思维能力及创新意识。