Disruption management in production planning

We study the problem of recovering a production plan after a disruption, where the disruption may be caused by incidents such as power failure, market change, machine breakdown, supply shortage, worker no‐show, and others. The new recovery plan we seek after has to not only suit the changed environment brought about by the disruption, but also be close to the initial plan so as not to cause too much customer unsatisfaction or inconvenience for current‐stage and downstream operations. For the general‐cost case, we propose a dynamic programming method for the problem. For the convex‐cost case, a general problem which involves both cost and demand disruptions can be solved by considering the cost disruption first and then the demand disruption. We find that a pure demand disruption is easy to handle; and for a pure cost disruption, we propose a greedy method which is provably efficient. Our computational studies also reveal insights that will be helpful to managing disruptions in production planning. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2005.     

Averaging frameworks for simulation optimization with applications to simulated annealing

We present two frameworks for designing random search methods for discrete simulation optimization. One of our frameworks is very broad (in that it includes many random search methods), whereas the other one considers a special class of random search methods called point‐based methods, that move iteratively between points within the feasible region. Our frameworks involve averaging, in that all decisions that require estimates of the objective function values at various feasible solutions are based on the averages of all observations collected at these solutions so far. Also, the methods are adaptive in that they can use information gathered in previous iterations to decide how simulation effort is expended in the current iteration. We show that the methods within our frameworks are almost surely globally convergent under mild conditions. Thus, the generality of our frameworks and associated convergence guarantees makes the frameworks useful to algorithm developers wishing to design efficient and rigorous procedures for simulation optimization. We also present two variants of the simulated annealing (SA) algorithm and provide their convergence analysis as example application of our point‐based framework. Finally, we provide numerical results that demonstrate the empirical effectiveness of averaging and adaptivity in the context of SA. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2012     

基于深度优先搜索与增量式求解的极小一阶不可满足子式提取算法

随着寄存器传输级甚至行为级的硬件描述语言应用越来越广泛,基于一阶逻辑的可满足性模理论(Satisfiability Modulo Theories,SMT)逐渐替代布尔可满足性(Boolean Satisfiability,SAT),在VLSI形式化验证领域具有更加重要的应用价值。而极小不可满足子式能够帮助EDA工具迅速定位硬件中的逻辑错误。针对极小SMT不可满足子式的求解问题,采用深度优先搜索与增量式求解策略,提出了深度优先搜索的极小SMT不可满足子式求解算法。与目前最优的宽度优先搜索算法对比实验表明:该算法能够有效地求解极小不可满足子式,随着公式的规模逐渐增大时,深度优先搜索算法优于宽度优先搜索算法。     

Reliability of a 2‐dimensional k‐within‐consecutive‐r × s‐out‐of‐m × n:F system

A 2‐dimensional rectangular (cylindrical) k‐within‐consecutive‐r × s‐out‐of‐m × n:F system is the rectangular (cylindrical) m × n‐system if the system fails whenever k components in a r × s‐submatrix fail. This paper proposes a recursive algorithm for the reliability of the 2‐dimensional k‐within‐consecutive‐r × s‐out‐m × n:F system, in the rectangular case and the cylindrical case. This algorithm requires min ( O (mk^r(n?s)), O (nk^s(m?r))), and O (mk^rn) computing time in the rectangular case and the cylindrical case, respectively. The proposed algorithm will be demonstrated and some numerical examples will be shown. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 48: 625–637, 2001.     

多层DSS体系结构研究

在设计和部署DSS时,由于对DSS体系结构认识不清,常常不能做出正确的选择.而对DSS体系结构的正确选择正是成功实施DSS的关键.详细地分析了第一、二代DSS模型在具体实施和运行过程中存在的问题,提出了一种综合的多层DSS模型,并设计了软件体系结构.该模型综合了数据仓库和数据集市的优点,解决了第一、二代DSS模型存在的不足,对规划和部署DSS具有一定的指导意义.     

高速三维地形显示系统的体系结构

从自行设计的专用三维地形显示的硬件和软件系统的观点出发,讨论了高速三维地形显示系统的体系结构、关键技术及其实现方法。以新一代的高速处理器ＩＮＴＥＬｉ８６０为核心,采用分配树技术,解决多路并行输出产生的竞争和瓶颈问题;实现Ｚ－缓冲硬件算法,提高系统的图形消隐速度;设计多帧存体结构,支持多通道、多画面信息的快速显示。     

Repairable consecutive‐k‐out‐of‐n: F system with Markov dependence

In this article, a model for a repairable consecutive‐k‐out‐of‐n: F system with Markov dependence is studied. A binary vector is used to represent the system state. The failure rate of a component in the system depends on the state of the preceding component. The failure risk of a system state is then introduced. On the basis of the failure risk, a priority repair rule is adopted. Then the transition density matrix can be determined, and the analysis of the system reliability can be conducted accordingly. One example each of a linear and a circular system is then studied in detail to explain the model and methodology developed in this paper. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 47: 18–39, 2000     

浅谈篮球教学中错误动作的纠正方法

篮球教学中,教师对学生在学习技、战术过程中所产生的错误,应及时、果断地采取有针对性的纠正方法.本文根据不同教学对象,不同技战术特点,及篮球教学中各因素间的关系,从纠正错误的途径、措施和手段等方面着手,对篮球教学中的错误纠正方法做了一个概括.     

京100850,北京100850,北京100850PTE

、中性单细胞凝胶电泳技术,分别比较Pten / MEFs与Pten-/-MEFs细胞中ROS、8-羟基脱氧鸟苷(8-OH-dG)水平、DNA双链断裂(DSBs)以及抗氧化能力的差异。结果:Pten-/-MEFs细胞中ROS、8-OH-dG水平明显增高,DSBs增加,抗氧化能力减弱。结论:PTEN可能通过调控细胞内ROS水平拮抗DNA氧化损伤。PTEN Deletion Leads to Increased Oxidative DNA Damage in Mouse Embryonic FibroblastsGOU Qiao