‘Blackmailing the army’ – ‘Strategic Military Refusal’ as policy and doctrine enforcement: the formation of a new security agent

The study shows how ‘strategic military refusal’ in Israel developed as a rational and institutional means to influence security policies. As opposed to the perspective that sees military refusal as a spontaneous individual act, the study illustrates how organizations operate to distribute military refusal in order to pressure decision-makers to change their military policies. This strategy has proven to be effective when the military is involved with groups that threaten it with refusal – which threatens the military's operational ability and its official and apolitical image. These include soldiers whose civilian authorities, rather than their military commanders, are perceived as an epistemic authority regarding security issues. The case study refers to the impact of strategic military refusal in Israel on security policies and the military doctrine. This was influenced by leftist groups, which, although they belonged to the parliamentary opposition, had dominant presence in the military ranks. Furthermore, the study examines the effect of the use of strategic military refusal on the model of military recruitment.     

US strategic preferences in the early twenty-first century

This article investigates how US national security planners have envisioned the emerging strategic environment during the early twenty-first century and evaluates how their perceptions of this strategic environment have changed during these years. This conceptual evolution can be seen in how defense planners define threats, identify defense priorities, and design security strategies. Five key strategic planning documents serve as the basis for this analysis and illustrate significant shifts in how the US government has envisioned its own security requirements as well as the context within which its strategic vision will need to be realized. These planning documents are: (1) Joint Vision 2020, (2) the Bush Administration's 2002 National Security Strategy of the United States, (3) the Obama Administration's 2010 National Security Strategy, (4) US Strategic Defense Guidance entitled Sustaining US Global Leadership: Priorities for 21^st Century Defense, and (5) the US Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff's Capstone Concept for Joint Operations: Joint Force 2020.     

Selling to strategic and loss‐averse consumers: Stocking,procurement, and product design policies

Motivated by the presence of loss‐averse decision making behavior in practice, this article considers a supply chain consisting of a firm and strategic consumers who possess an S‐shaped loss‐averse utility function. In the model, consumers decide the purchase timing and the firm chooses the inventory level. We find that the loss‐averse consumers' strategic purchasing behavior is determined by their perceived gain and loss from strategic purchase delay, and the given rationing risk. Thus, the firm that is cognizant of this property tailors its inventory stocking policy based on the consumers' loss‐averse behavior such as their perceived values of gain and loss, and their sensitivity to them. We also demonstrate that the firm's equilibrium inventory stocking policy reflects both the economic logic of the traditional newsvendor inventory model, and the loss‐averse behavior of consumers. The equilibrium order quantity is significantly different from those derived from models that assume that the consumers are risk neutral and homogeneous in their valuations. We show that the firm that ignores strategic consumer's loss‐aversion behavior tends to keep an unnecessarily high inventory level that leads to excessive leftovers. Our numerical experiments further reveal that in some extreme cases the firm that ignores strategic consumer's loss‐aversion behavior generates almost 92% more leftovers than the firm that possesses consumers’ loss‐aversion information and takes it into account when making managerial decisions. To mitigate the consumer's forward‐looking behavior, we propose the adoption of the practice of agile supply chain management, which possesses the following attributes: (i) procuring inventory after observing real‐time demand information, (ii) enhanced design (which maintains the current production mix but improves the product performance to a higher level), and (iii) customized design (which maintains the current performance level but increases the variety of the current production line to meet consumers’ specific demands). We show that such a practice can induce the consumer to make early purchases by increasing their rationing risk, increasing the product value, or diversifying the product line. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 62: 435–453, 2015     

基于不同分裂的修正局部Crank-Nicolson方法对一维热传导方程的应用

本文采用不同分裂的修正局部Crank-Nicolson方法讨论了一维热传导方程的初边值问题。该方法不仅具有原来计算量少,无条件稳定的优点,而且推广了该方法对复杂的数学物理方程应用的可能性。理论上分析了无条件稳定性、相容性及收敛性,最后进行数值试验,验证了它的可行性。     

战略导弹惯性/星光复合制导技术研究

以Kalman滤波为基础,研究了惯性/星光复合制导系统的原理和特点,并对系统进行了计算机仿真。通过将惯导系统和星敏感器所测得的战略导弹相关姿态信息进行数据融合,估计出复合制导系统的误差状态量,进而修正惯导系统的位置、速度和姿态角误差。仿真结果表明,采用惯性/星光复合制导可以有效地提高战略导弹的姿态精度。     

离散系统的绝对稳定性

给出了离散系统绝对稳定性问题的充分条件:约束条件下的矩阵不等式的正定解;基于这一思路可以构造控制器来镇定一类非线性系统;最后还给出了设计实例以说明结果的有效性。     

Priority queue with customer upgrades

This article is concerned with a general multi‐class multi‐server priority queueing system with customer priority upgrades. The queueing system has various applications in inventory control, call centers operations, and health care management. Through a novel design of Lyapunov functions, and using matrix‐analytic methods, sufficient conditions for the queueing system to be stable or instable are obtained. Bounds on the queue length process are obtained by a sample path method, with the help of an auxiliary queueing system. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2012     

一类具有接种和饱和发生率的SIR—SVS传染病模型的全局稳定性

研究一类具有接种和饱和发生率的SIR-SVS传染病模型．通过构造适当的Lyapunov函数证明了当基本再生数〈1时,无病平衡点是全局渐近稳定的;当基本再生数〉1时,给出了地方病平衡点全局渐近稳定的充分条件．     

基于虚拟力驱动的传感器网络节点定位

为了解决传感器网络节点三边测量定位的全局优化问题,提出了一种基于虚拟力驱动的节点最优相对定位方法。该方法建立了满足节点位置最优最小二乘估计需要的虚拟势能场模型,给出了一种基于虚拟势能场梯度的虚拟力定义新方法,证明了利用该虚拟力驱动节点定位的收敛性,提供了保证节点定位结果全局最优的方法。仿真分析表明,基于虚拟力驱动的节点相对定位方法能够解决节点相对位置的最优估计问题。     

对加强公安边防群众工作的思考

加强公安边防群众工作对维护沿边沿海地区社会稳定,推进新时期公安边防工作具有重要意义。从主、客观两方面分析了当前公安边防群众工作中存在的问题,提出公安边防群众工作要坚持为现实斗争服务、为打造服务型机关服务的原则,消除四个误区,提高专业化、信息化和社会化水平,加强保障机制、考核评估机制、奖惩激励机制和监督制约机制建设,推动公安边防群众工作深入开展。