静电放电对微机接口电路干扰效应研究

为研究静电放电(ESD)对微机接口电路的干扰效应,设计了一种单片机系统串行数据传输电路试验模型。利用静电放电模拟器对自行设计的单片机系统进行了效应试验,并对测得的试验数据进行了分析,得出了这类典型串口通讯在静电放电环境下的一些规律。     

城镇化与农民增收的相关性分析

从理论上分析,城镇化与农民增收之间存在很强的正相关关系;而现实中,在政策措施不科学的情况下,城镇化为农民增收带来了很大的负面效应。因而必须采取必要措施消除负面影响,充分体现城镇化对农民增收的正相关效应。     

声尾流自导鱼雷导引策略仿真与优化

在分析尾流几何模型及其气泡分布密度的规律的基础上,首先建立了较贴近实际的尾流声学仿真模型。其次,按照尾流自导检测流程,基于反射系数推导了尾流层及海面气泡层的回声级模型,由此建立了鱼雷声学自导检测模型。随后,根据研究需要设计了基于鱼雷作战使用评估理论的声尾流自导鱼雷仿真系统,该系统能够真实模拟尾流自导系统工作过程及鱼雷水下运动过程。最后,以该仿真系统为依托,实现了声尾流自导鱼雷应对空穴或断层的修正导引策略的仿真优化。应用结果表明:该研究对于尾流自导鱼雷导引策略优化和尾流自导仿真方法研究具有实际应用价值。     

空间辐射环境中的辐射效应

天然空间辐射环境与辐射效应基本机制是空间飞行器抗辐射加固研究中的两个关键问题, 本文总结了天然空间辐射环境的总体性质, 并对辐射效应基本机制进行了简要的分析, 指出了目前空间飞行器抗辐射加固研究的重点。     

展向局部加热与圆柱尾流的绝对不稳定性

采用对圆柱展向局部电加热的方式,在水槽中实验研究了临界/亚临界雷诺数圆柱尾流的绝对不稳定性.利用可控电加热改变圆柱表面温度分布,对二维圆柱绕流引入局部三维扰动,观察其对于临界/亚临界雷诺数圆柱尾流稳定性的影响.研究表明,在临界雷诺数状态,圆柱绕流尾流具有绝对不稳定性;在亚临界雷诺数状态,圆柱绕流尾流则是对流不稳定的.加热圆柱展向局部涡脱落存在锁频现象.     

农村文化建设对农村社会稳定的双向效应

社会稳定是改革发展的重要前提,而保持农村稳定是全社会稳定的关键。维护农村社会稳定根本途径在于文化建设,但文化建设对农村社会稳定有双向效应。文化建设对农村社会稳定的正面效应有减贫效应、社会结构优化效应、社会控制效应、社会心理优化效应和社会化效应,而文化建设的受益不均衡效应、虚化效应、过度社会动员效应及其信息失稳效应等又不利于农村社会稳定。因此,要充分重视农村文化建设的积极作用,也要清醒认识其负面效应,并为维护农村社会稳定考虑扬正抑负的对策。     

电离层不规则体对P波段星载SAR成像的影响

电离层不规则体导致星载合成孔径雷达（SAR）信号产生幅度及相位闪烁,严重影响低波段星载SAR的图像分辨性能。推导了具有普遍性的幂律谱对应的双频双点互相关函数。基于此研究了电离层对星载P波段SAR分辨性能的影响及其规律。研究表明,电离层不规则体导致星载P波段SAR两维分辨率恶化,图像峰值增益损失严重。电离层不规则体强度,谱指数,外尺度等参数的增大都会导致星载SAR图像分辨率及峰值增益进一步下降。基于相位屏技术的数值仿真结果验证了本文研究。     

螺旋桨梢涡卷起数值计算

通过解析公式计算得到面源和面偶的诱导速度,在面偶附近区域,用涡环代替面偶,计算得到螺旋桨的速度场,根据尾涡面必须和当地流体流速相切的原则,修正原来尾涡面的形状,逐步迭代直至尾涡形状收敛,用这种方法预报了三维水翼和螺旋桨的尾涡面的形状和梢涡卷起,与试验结果有较好的一致性。     

Assortment optimization with position effects under the nested logit model

We study the assortment optimization problem with position effects under the nested logit model, whose goal is to find the revenue-maximizing subset of products as well as their corresponding display positions. In this joint assortment-position optimization problem, the choices of products are affected by not only their qualities and prices but also the positions where they are displayed. Despite determining the assortment and their corresponding display positions sequentially, we propose to solve this problem in an integrated way to obtain the optimal solution. We formulate this problem as a nonlinear binary integer programming model and develop a dynamic programming based solution approach to obtain the optimal assortment-position assignments. We carry out extensive numerical experiments to evaluate the benefit of our integrated approach. The most important insight we discover is that it is not necessarily better to put the most attractive products in the best position. Moreover, we show that compared to the sequential approaches, our approach can improve revenue by 10.38% on average, which suggests that firms should take into consideration position effects when making assortment decisions. Finally, we discuss results related to two extensions of this problem, that is, the special case when positions are preassigned to nests, and the joint assortment-position-price optimization problem.     

Economic impact of the ministry of defence’s budget: methodological design and results for the Spanish economy

This article analyses the economic impact of the expenditure budget of the Spanish Ministry of Defence (MoD) and its Autonomous Agencies (AA), distinguishing direct, indirect and induced effects. The input–output methodology is used to find intersectoral effects on the rest of the economy. The article quantifies the economic impact in terms of production, gross value added (GVA), employed population, tax revenue, and also in terms of its contribution to the gross domestic product (GDP) of Spain in 2010. The results show that the activity of the MoD and AA generates 1.2% of the country’s GDP and 1.7% of total employment in that year.