烧蚀材料对辐射烧蚀驱动的Richtmyer Meshkov不稳定性影响

在惯性约束聚变靶丸内爆过程中,辐射烧蚀所产生的冲击波经过带有扰动的界面时,会触发Richtmyer-Meshkov不稳定性。惯性约束聚变内爆靶丸一般使用掺杂的CH塑料或者掺杂的Be材料作为烧蚀层,为了探索Be和CH塑料烧蚀层对Richtmyer-Meshkov不稳定性抵抗能力,对界面预制单模正弦扰动的双层靶中Richtmyer-Meshkov不稳定性发展过程进行了理论分析与数值模拟。理论分析认为Richtmyer-Meshkov不稳定性线性增长率和X射线辐射温度、界面扰动波长、扰动振幅以及烧蚀层密度有较大关系。使用辐射流体力学程序对辐射温度高达100 eV的黑体谱X射线烧蚀界面带有扰动的双层靶进行了模拟。模拟结果表明,在相同的辐射烧蚀条件下,CH塑料/泡沫(CH/Foam)靶界面扰动增长比Be/Foam快,密度较大的Be对Richtmyer-Meshkov不稳定性具有更强的抵抗能力。该研究结果对惯性约束聚变内爆靶丸的设计具有重要的参考价值。     

三维石英纤维增强氮化物基复合材料的烧蚀性能及显微结构

采用先驱体转化法制备了三维石英纤维增强氮化物基复合材料(3D SiO2f/Si3N4-BN),用等离子射流烧蚀方法研究了复合材料的烧蚀性能,运用扫描电镜及能谱仪对烧蚀表面微观形貌进行了观察和分析。结果表明氮化物基复合材料在高压高热流等离子体烧蚀下线烧蚀率为0.91mm/s,石英纤维熔融并被吹除带走了大量的热量,熔融层抑制了基体的机械剥蚀。基体由于强度高、升华温度高,延缓了熔融层的吹除,表明氮化物基复合材料是一种良好的耐高温烧蚀透波材料。     

3维C/SiC-ZrC复合材料的制备及其性能研究

针对超高温环境应用需求,采用化学气相渗透工艺(CVI)与先驱体浸渍-裂解工艺(PIP)联用制备了3维碳纤维增强SiC-ZrC基复合材料(C/SiC-zrC),并研究了SiC含量对C/SiC-ZrC复合材料力学性能、抗氧化性能和抗烧蚀性能的影响.结果表明,随着SiC含量的增加,C/SiC-ZrC复合材料的强度逐渐降低,静...     

Controllable combustion behaviors of the laser-controlled solid propellant

Microsatellites have been widely applied in the fields of communication,remote sensing,navigation and science exploration due to its characteristics of low cost,flexible launch mode and short development period.However,conventional solid-propellant have difficulties in starting and interrupting combustion because combustion is autonomously sustained after ignition.Herein,we proposed a new type of solid-propellant named laser-controlled solid propellant,which is sensitive to laser irradiation and can be started or interrupted by switching on/off the continuous wave laser.To demonstrate the feasibility and investigate the controllable combustion behaviors under different laser on/off conditions,the combus-tion parameters including burning rate,ignition delay time and platform pressure were tested using pressure sensor,high-speed camera and thermographic camera.The results showed that the increase of laser-on or laser-off duration both will lead to the decrease of propellant combustion performance during re-ignition and re-combustion process.This is mainly attributed to the laser attenuation caused by the accumulation of combustion residue and the change of chamber ambient temperature.Simultaneously,the multiple ignition tests revealed that the increased chamber ambient temperature after combustion can make up for the energy loss of laser attenuation and expansion of chamber cavity.However,the laser-controlled combustion performance of solid propellant displayed a decrease trend with the addi-tion of ignition times.Nevertheless,the results still exhibited good laser-controlled agility of laser-controlled solid propellant and manifested its inspiring potential in many aspects of space missions.     

酚醛-石英混杂纤维增强苯并噁嗪复合材料高温失效特征

通过模压工艺制备了酚醛-石英混织纤维增强苯并噁嗪复合材料(P-Q/BZ)试样,考察了其力学性能、烧蚀性能和耐冲刷性能,分析了该试样在高温环境中的主要失效特征,研究其在高温环境中的适用性。结果表明,未经热处理的P-Q/BZ试样平均弯曲强度、弯曲模量和层间剪切强度分别为283 MPa、10.8 GPa和22.6 MPa;经300℃,N_2处理15 min后,试样均匀膨胀,厚度增加22%,弯曲强度、弯曲模量和层间剪切强度分别下降58%、41%和58%;在氧乙炔焰的平均质量烧蚀率和线烧蚀率分别为0.048 4 g/s和-0.081 mm/s,烧蚀后试样宏观不分层,表面炭层微观分层严重,酚醛纤维热解炭、树脂基体热解炭、熔融石英纤维以及碳硅氧化产物相互分离;该试样耐冲刷能力差,在发动机尾焰烧蚀平台模拟的热-力耦合环境中的质量损失率高达59%。P-Q/BZ复合材料需要解决热解膨胀问题,进一步提高抗冲刷性能。