Impact of atmospheric turbulence on coherent beam combining for laser weapon systems

The performance of a laser weapon system based on coherent beam combining (CBC) depends on its propagation properties in the atmosphere. In this study, an analytical model based on partial coherent beam combining (PCBC) for assumed coherence coefficients between beams in a CBC lattice was developed. The Kolmogorov model of atmospheric turbulence and the Hufnagel-Valley model of Cn2 dependence on atmospheric parameters were implemented. Novel simplified metrics were proposed to assess the CBC performance. Several beam profiles (super-Gaussian, truncated Gaussian, etc.) and ge-ometries were analyzed in terms of maximal intensity in the far field. An approximate formula for PCBC efficiency dependent on the Fried radius was proposed. The results of CBC modeling were compared to those of the Gaussian beam propagation model in a turbulent atmosphere. The dependence of CBC performance on the Cn2 parameter, range, and elevation angle was analyzed. It could be concluded that the application of CBC for medium and long range propagation is impractical without an effective adaptive optics system.     

Experimental and numerical investigations of interface properties of Ti6Al4V/CP-Ti/Copper composite plate prepared by explosive welding

Explosive welding technique is widely used in many industries. This technique is useful to weld different kinds of metal alloys that are not easily welded by any other welding methods. Interlayer plays an important role to improve the welding quality and control energy loss during the collision process. In this paper, the Ti6Al4V plate was welded with a copper plate in the presence of a commercially pure titanium interlayer. Microstructure details of welded composite plate were observed through optical and scanning electron microscope. Interlayer-base plate interface morphology showed a wavy structure with solid melted regions inside the vortices. Moreover, the energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis in the interlayer-base interface reveals that there are some identified regions of different kinds of chemical equilibrium phases of Cu–Ti, i.e. CuTi, Cu₂Ti, CuTi₂, Cu₄Ti, etc. To study the mechanical properties of composite plates, mechanical tests were conducted, including the tensile test, bending test, shear test and Vickers hardness test. Numerical simulation of explosive welding process was performed with coupled Smooth Particle Hydrodynamic method, Euler and Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian method. The multi-physics process of explosive welding, including detonation, jetting and interface morphology, was observed with simulation. Moreover, simulated plastic strain, temperature and pressure profiles were analysed to understand the welding conditions. Simulated results show that the interlayer base plate interface was created due to the high plastic deformation and localized melting of the parent plates. At the collision point, both alloys behave like fluids, resulting in the formation of a wavy morphology with vortices, which is in good agreement with the experimental results.     

Damage to aircraft composite structures caused by directed energy system: A literature review

This paper presents a comprehensive review of the research studies on direct energy system effect on aircraft composite structures to develop a good understanding of state-of-the-art research and devel-opment in this area. The review begins with the application of composite materials in the aircraft structures and highlights their particular areas of application and limitations. An overview of directed energy system is given. Some of the commonly used systems in this category are discussed and the working principles of laser energy systems are described. The experimental and numerical studies re-ported regarding the aircraft composite structures subject to the effect of directed energy systems, especially the laser systems are reviewed in detail. In particularly, the general effects of laser systems and the relevant damage mechanisms against the composite structures are reported. The review draws attention to the recent research and findings in this field and is expected to guide engineers/researchers in future theoretical, numerical, and experimental studies.     

小时候父亲这样教我

当我还坐在婴儿椅上的时候,父亲有一天带回家一堆小瓷片,就是那种装修浴室用的各种颜色的玩艺儿。我父亲把它叠垒起来,弄成像多米诺骨牌似的,然后我推动一边,它们就全倒了。过一会儿,我又帮着把小瓷片重新堆起来。 这次父亲让我变出些复杂点儿的花样：两白一蓝,两白一蓝 ......我母亲忍不住说：“唉,你让小家伙随便玩不就是了？他爱在哪儿加个蓝,就让他加好了。” 可我父亲回答道,“这不行,我正教他什么是序列,并告诉他这是多么有趣呢！这是数学的第一步。”我家有一套《大英百科全书》,父亲常让我坐在他的膝上,给我读里边的…     

寻求新生的墨西哥海军

墨西哥位于北美洲南部,濒临太平洋和墨西哥湾,领土面积约190万平方公里,海岸线长达9300公里。墨西哥本应成为该地区重要的军事强国,但是它依赖美国抵御外来侵略,自己的武装部队仅充当维护内部安全的角色。无论从人员上还是从可用舰船数量上来讲,墨西哥海军一直与此不相称。墨西哥海军实质上只是一支海岸警备队,军事潜力非常有限。舰队虽然也拥有少数新式舰艇,但多数舰艇均是在20世纪40年代末期甚至更早服役的。整个舰队就像是20世纪海军技术博物馆。     

使用低分辨率雷达和神经网络进行舰船目标识别

本文研究使用低分辩率下靶区雷达包络线、预处理和神经网络工具进行舰船目标分类的方法。文中使用改进的傅里叶离散梅林变换来提取对雷达姿态角变化不太敏感的某些特征。使用Kohonen的学习矢量量化(LVQ)自组织映射对这些特征矢量进行分类。文中也研究了使用反向传播算法进行训练的前馈网络在目标分类中的应用,并将这一分类系统用于模拟和真实两种数据。对于目标姿态角误差不超过30度的真实数据,分类的正确率高达90％。     

美国陆军M252型81毫米迫击炮开火

10月12日,阿富汗奥尔根镇外东面(该镇靠近阿富汗和巴基斯坦的边境线),美军正展开“费拉里·布什”行动。这个行动是一次搜捕塔利班和“基地”组织残余分子的联合行动。 美国陆军第10山地师笫87步兵团第1营的3名士兵正在用M252型81毫米迫击炮射击。     

美国陆军第10山地师在阿富汗进行城市战训练

10月10日,阿富汗巴格达姆空军基地,美国陆军第10山地师正在使用一处新的城市战训练场施训。该训练场旨在模拟阿富汗居民区真实场景,以帮助美军训练在阿富汗城市地区的作战行动。