The building evacuation problem with shared information

In this article, the Building Evacuation Problem with Shared Information (BEPSI) is formulated as a mixed integer linear program, where the objective is to determine the set of routes along which to send evacuees (supply) from multiple locations throughout a building (sources) to the exits (sinks) such that the total time until all evacuees reach the exits is minimized. The formulation explicitly incorporates the constraints of shared information in providing online instructions to evacuees, ensuring that evacuees departing from an intermediate or source location at a mutual point in time receive common instructions. Arc travel time and capacity, as well as supply at the nodes, are permitted to vary with time and capacity is assumed to be recaptured over time. The BEPSI is shown to be NP‐hard. An exact technique based on Benders decomposition is proposed for its solution. Computational results from numerical experiments on a real‐world network representing a four‐story building are given. Results of experiments employing Benders cuts generated in solving a given problem instance as initial cuts in addressing an updated problem instance are also provided. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008     

建筑工程消防验收定量评定方法研究

依据中华人民共和国公安部印发的《建筑工程消防验收评定暂行办法》,建立了建筑工程消防验收系统。依据层次分析法对分级系统中各指标层,利用专家打分法确定其权重,设定不同的等级,确定不同等级下的权重系数,从而计算出建筑工程消防验收定量评定的标准。     

反舰导弹纯方位发射捕捉概率计算方法

反舰导弹的纯方位发射对目标信息要求不高,在目标信息的探测越来越艰难的今天,是反舰导弹较为重要的一种发射方式,也将会成为未来海战场上常用的作战方式.介绍了反舰导弹捕捉概率的计算方法和传统纯方位发射的捕捉概率的计算方法,并从分析反舰导弹捕捉概率的计算模型和影响因素出发,指出传统的反舰导弹纯方位发射的捕捉概率计算模型存在不足,并给出了修正后的计算模型.     

An attacker‐defender model for analyzing the vulnerability of initial attack in wildfire suppression

Wildfire managers use initial attack (IA) to control wildfires before they grow large and become difficult to suppress. Although the majority of wildfire incidents are contained by IA, the small percentage of fires that escape IA causes most of the damage. Therefore, planning a successful IA is very important. In this article, we study the vulnerability of IA in wildfire suppression using an attacker‐defender Stackelberg model. The attacker's objective is to coordinate the simultaneous ignition of fires at various points in a landscape to maximize the number of fires that cannot be contained by IA. The defender's objective is to optimally dispatch suppression resources from multiple fire stations located across the landscape to minimize the number of wildfires not contained by IA. We use a decomposition algorithm to solve the model and apply the model on a test case landscape. We also investigate the impact of delay in the response, the fire growth rate, the amount of suppression resources, and the locations of fire stations on the success of IA.     

柔软物体力触觉形变模型验证系统

为了验证柔性物体力-形变模型的合理性,构建了基于CC2531芯片的无线数据收发平台、力传感器测量平台和FALCON手控器位移测量平台的力-形变模型验证系统。以新鲜猪肝脏为实验对象,研究了弹性形变实验和穿刺实验的作用力与位移之间的关系;以力-形变测量数据为基础,进行了参数验证校调。仿真实验结果表明:模型中力-形变特性与实际测量值保持一致。该系统能广泛应用于柔性物体力-形变模型验证,对于促进力触觉虚拟医学仿真系统的发展具有重要意义。     

多碱光电阴极饱和机理研究

多碱光电阴极饱和机理的研究对于提高阴极电子发射能力具有重要意义。依据光电阴极三步电子发射理论,采用蒙特卡洛法研究了多碱光电阴极的电子发射过程。研究结果与相关文献中的实验数据进行了对比分析,光子能量临近光电阴极响应阈值附近时,得到的量子效率曲线以及电子能量分布曲线与实验数据吻合良好。基于上述模型,研究了光压效应和空间电荷效应对多碱光电阴极电子发射特性的影响。结果表明,多碱光电阴极在光压效应限制下的阈值饱和激光能量密度约为8μJ/cm~2,在空间电荷效应限制下的阈值饱和激光能量密度约为2. 23μJ/cm~2。开展了266 nm激光辐照多碱光电阴极实验,经测量,多碱光电阴极的阈值饱和激光能量密度约为2μJ/cm~2,这表明空间电荷效应是限制其光电子发射能力的主要因素。     

船舶静态电场跟踪的渐进更新扩展卡尔曼滤波器

为了实现利用船舶静态电场对船舶进行跟踪的目的,针对传统卡尔曼滤波算法中存在的问题,设计一种新的非线性滤波器。建立船舶的状态空间模型,分析传统卡尔曼滤波算法在船舶跟踪中存在的问题;依据渐进贝叶斯思想,利用连续白噪声与离散白噪声序列噪声协方差之间的关系,设计一种新的渐进更新扩展卡尔曼滤波器。仿真结果表明,该滤波器能有效地抑制由于初始误差较大而造成的滤波性能下降和滤波发散,能够有效地跟踪船舶,具有较高的实用价值。     

一种新的基于粗糙集的连续属性离散化算法

粗糙集理论作为一种新的处理含糊和不确定性问题的数学工具,已成为国际学术界的一个前沿的研究领域.传统的粗糙集理论只能对数据库中的离散属性进行处理,而绝大多数现实的数据库既包含了离散属性,又包含了连续属性.针对传统粗糙集理论的这一缺陷,提出了一种改进的基于断点重要性的属性离散化方法.最后,通过实例分析说明该方法是有效的.     

数据链系统效能评估框架研究

研究了数据链系统效能评估相关概念及其对作战的影响机制,给出了数据链系统效能评价指标体系以及不同层次指标的计算、聚合方法。在此基础上形成数据链系统的效能评估框架,通过该框架可以指导数据链系统的效能评估,为数据链装备的发展及应用提供科学依据。     

群体性事件情报预警困境的博弈分析

在公安边防部门辖区内，群体性事件时有发生，成为影响辖区治安的主要因素。如何基于所掌握的情报，找出一种科学合理的情报分析方法成为边防部门亟待解决的问题。从博弈论的角度，建立模型，用数学方法进行求解，对公安边防部门与群体性事件的策动者进行博弈分析。