Layers of Experiments with Adaptive Combined Design

In the field of nanofabrication, engineers often face unique challenges in resource‐limited experimental budgets, the sensitive nature of process behavior with respect to controllable variables, and highly demanding tolerance requirements. To effectively overcome these challenges, this article proposes a methodology for a sequential design of experiments through batches of experimental runs, aptly named Layers of Experiments with Adaptive Combined Design (LoE/ACD). In higher layers, where process behavior is less understood, experimental regions cover more design space and data points are more spread out. In lower layers, experimental regions are more focused to improve understanding of process sensitivities in a local, data‐rich environment. The experimental design is a combination of a space‐filling and an optimal design with a tuning parameter that is dependent on the amount of information accumulated over the various layers. The proposed LoE/ACD method is applied to optimize a carbon dioxide (epet‐CO2) assisted deposition process for fabricating silver nanoparticles with pressure and temperature variables. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 62: 127–142, 2015     

正态双边可靠度的Bootstrap下限

研究了正态单元双边可靠度Bootstrap置信下限,并在小样本条件下对Bootstrap估计进行了纠偏处理,以提高区间估计的精度。进行了仿真检验,并与目前经典的使用双边容许限系数表的近似法相比较,证明该方法具有较高的精度,便于程序实现。     

基于均匀实验设计的温压战斗部爆炸冲击波毁伤仿真研究

以温压战斗部爆炸冲击波对地下目标的毁伤为背景,设计毁伤仿真模拟的基本方案,在对影响冲击波毁伤因素合理分析的基础上,利用均匀试验设计方法设计以装药密度、空气温度、大气压强以及混凝土密度为影响因素的均匀试验方案,最后通过正态分布检验图和Bootstrap法等方法对毁伤参数的统计特性进行研究。结果表明,固定条件下温压战斗部爆炸冲击波对地下目标的毁伤中,毁伤参数值具有明显的正态分布特性,对后续结合现场试验数据确定毁伤参数真值和毁伤试验鉴定提供了一定的指导和借鉴作用。     

反舰导弹靶场试验精度评定方法

为了对小子样条件下反舰导弹靶场试验精度作出合理的评定,研究了自助法和随机加权法的原理。针对自助法和随机加权法存在的不足,研究了一种改进的方法,仿真结果表明新方法获得了更加稳健、精确的评定。最后,给出一些有益的工程应用建议。     

基于Fiducial推断的Bayes验前分布的表示

先验分布的确定与表示是Bayes统计推断的出发点和关键点。提出了一种基于信仰推断 (FiducialInfer ence)观点确定Bayes先验分布的设想 ,有助于解决无验前信息或验前历史信息较少时先验分布的确定问题 ,文中给出了一个实例说明了该方法的应用     

小子样下命中概率的估计

研究了当试验次数较少时 ,命中圆域的概率估计。给出了自助估计法和融合估计方法 ,对于估计的精度进行了分析。方法易于实现 ,适用于工程应用     

小子样条件下导弹靶场试验综合评定方法

针对导弹靶场试验中的小子样问题,分析了自助法和随机加权法,并对自助法中再生子样较为集中的不足进行了改进。通过仿真比较得出,改进后的自助法具有更好的评定特性。     

Statistical analysis for masked system life data from Marshall‐Olkin Weibull distribution under progressive hybrid censoring

This paper considers the statistical analysis of masked data in a series system, where the components are assumed to have Marshall‐Olkin Weibull distribution. Based on type‐I progressive hybrid censored and masked data, we derive the maximum likelihood estimates, approximate confidence intervals, and bootstrap confidence intervals of unknown parameters. As the maximum likelihood estimate does not exist for small sample size, Gibbs sampling is used to obtain the Bayesian estimates and Monte Carlo method is employed to construct the credible intervals based on Jefferys prior with partial information. Numerical simulations are performed to compare the performances of the proposed methods and one data set is analyzed.     

小子样条件下航天轴承性能可靠性建模与评估

航天油润滑轴承可靠性具有小子样、无失效数据特点,即使采用性能可靠性方法进行建模与分析,仍存在性能数据不足问题。提出小子样条件下航天轴承性能可靠性分析的多层贝叶斯模型及模型求解方法。通过失效分析,建立轴承性能退化过程模型。利用自助法、试验数据、物理模型和专家经验等确定Bayes验前分布,并采用MCMC方法解决Bayes计算问题。实例分析表明,该方法具有较好的适用性,是解决小子样条件下长寿命产品可靠性建模与评估问题的一种有效途径。     

Guns for Butter? Empirical Evidence from China

Abstract

This study examines the causal nexus between defence spending and education expenditure in China using the bootstrap Granger full-sample causality test and sub-sample rolling window estimation. The full-sample result indicates that there is no causality between defence spending and education expenditure. By adopting a time-varying rolling window approach to revisit the dynamic causal relationships, this article identifies a negative unidirectional causality running from education expenditure to defence spending. The finding suggests that it is the education expenditure crowds out defence spending in China rather than reverse. No causality is demonstrated from defence spending to education expenditure, indicating that an increase in military spending will not crowd out expenditure on education. The results could be partly explained by that the education expenditure in China is below the requirement of corresponding economic growth, urging for more financial budget. Whereas the findings support a negative trade-off between defence and education expenditures, they refute the theory of ‘guns for butter’.