基于多目标动态威胁的潜艇航路规划建模与求解

为增强航路规划算法的适用性,充分考虑潜艇面临的动态威胁,建立并求解了基于多目标动态威胁的潜艇航路规划模型.首先,介绍了微分对策的基本理论,指出其在处理航路规划问题方面的优越性;其次,引入了基于单目标威胁的航路规划模型,并采用微分对策对其进行了描述和求解;最后,在单目标威胁模型的基础上,推导了基于多目标动态威胁的潜艇航路规划模型,建立了对策的状态变量、控制变量及其约束、状态方程与微分对策模型,并给出了其微分对策的系统解.数值求解结果表明:该算法可较好地解决动态对抗问题,只需确定界栅和最优策略即可,同时该航路规划算法简便易行,具有较强的适用性.     

面向机动威胁单目标定性微分对策的航路重规划

航迹规划是飞行器规划系统的一个重要子任务.针对具有主动性而非纯粹动态的敌方威胁类型,以单目标定性微分对策解决航路的动态重规划问题.在假设对静态威胁的参考航迹和安全走廊已预规划确定基础上,构建了基于单目标定性微分对策面向主动威胁安全走廊内飞行器航路对策的数学模型,并对航路的单目标定性微分对策系统进行了求解.     

具有混合执行器故障和多未知控制方向的多智能体编队系统自适应协同容错控制

针对非线性多智能体具有混合执行器故障和多未知控制方向的问题,基于鲁棒自适应模糊技术,提出新颖的协同容错控制方法.采用分段Nussbaum函数解决了多未知控制方向;基于鲁棒自适应模糊技术解决了系统中的非线性不确定问题;引入一阶滑模微分器与自适应反步技术结合,用于获得虚拟控制律的一阶导数,并结合鲁棒有界方法,用于提高所设计...     

一类多目标模糊系数线性规划问题

讨论了一类所有系数均为模糊数的多目标线性规划问题 .通过对模糊数的比较 ,将模糊多目标线性规划模型转化为清晰的多目标模型 ,并应用一种基于线性隶属函数的模糊规划算法求其协调解 .最后给出了一个数值例子 .     

基于遗传算法的武器目标分配模糊多目标规划

针对武器目标分配（WTA）问题中存在的模糊性，提出了一种基于遗传算法的WTA模糊多目标规划模型。建立了wTA多目标规划模型以及目标函数和约束条件，并在此基础上基于目标函数和约束条件的模糊性结合梯度隶属函数建立了WTA模糊多目标规划模型，给出了遗传算法进行求解的方法，通过一个实例分析表明，基于遗传算法的模糊多目标规划模型解决wTA问题具有较好的效果，验证了该模型的合理性，对于有效解决WTA问题具有指导作用。     

一类模糊多目标双矩阵对策的粒子群优化算法

针对一类具有模糊目标的多目标双矩阵对策给出了基于粒子群优化的求解算法.讨论了当模糊目标的隶属函数是线性函数时纳什均衡解的判定定理;构造的粒子群优化算法,通过随机初始点以及迭代粒子的归一化,保证粒子群始终保持在时策的可行策略空间内,避免了在随机搜索中产生无效的粒子,提高了用粒子群优化算法求解纳什均衡解的计算性能.给出的一个数值算例验证了该算法的有效性.     

基于模糊多目标对策的雷达反干扰策略优化

考虑到单部雷达反干扰效能评估指标多样化、模糊且存在不同权重的情况,在对策论基础上提出了一种雷达反干扰策略优化模型,并在考虑局中人偏好情况下,设计了一种模糊多目标对策最优混合策略求解算法,为找出较优化的雷达反干扰策略以及为战场决策提供参考。     

基于微分对策的多型反舰导弹火力优化模型

根据多型反舰导弹对抗舰艇编队的基本作战模式,以最大毁伤作为优化目标,对作战双方不同能力层次的武器进行区分,建立了能够动态反映对抗过程的微分对策火力分配优化模型,实时反映对抗双方的毁伤,从而最终寻找得到作战双方的最优火力分配策略;运用拉格朗日构造法解算微分对策模型,给出迭代求解模型参数的方法。立足体系作战思想,整合作战资源,灵活运用军事运筹学以提高各作战单元的组织度,研究成果主要为运用多型反舰导弹对海攻击任务的方案制定、训练演习提供参考。     

多目标广义指派问题的模糊匈牙利算法求解

提出和讨论了两类多目标的广义指派决策问题,分别给出了它们的多目标整数线性规划数学模型,并结合模糊理论与解决传统指派问题的匈牙利方法提出了一种新的求解算法:模糊匈牙利法.最后给出了一个数值例子.     

微分对策及其在军事领域的研究进展*

介绍了微分对策的产生背景及其半个多世纪以来的发展历程,简述了国内外微分对策理论发展的几个重要阶段及其标志性成果。全面地阐述了国内外关于微分对策在军事领域的应用研究状况,特别是美、俄等军事强国在微分对策军事应用研究方面的现状以及我国研究人员在该领域的主要研究成果。还进一步论述了微分对策在军事应用研究方面存在的问题,并对微分对策的发展前景做出了展望,指出了微分对策在军事应用领域中的研究热点、难点和主要发展方向。     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

India's counter-insurgency experience: the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy

The Indian Army, a force trained primarily for conventional warfare, has been engaged in internal counter-insurgency operations since the 1950s. Despite such a long innings on a counter-insurgency mode, little attention has been accorded within military circles to doctrinal innovation for waging sub-conventional warfare in India's democratic political context. At best, the Army continues to view counter-insurgency duty as secondary to its primary duty of defending India from external conventional threats. By conceptualizing a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’, this article aims to fill this critical doctrinal gap in India's military policy. The author argues that a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’ based on democratic political culture, measured military methods, special counter-insurgency forces, local social and cultural awareness and an integrative nation-building approach will result in positive handling of India's internal security problems. The author utilizes India's counter-insurgency experiences in Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland, Punjab, and Operation ‘Sadhbhavana’ in Jammu and Kashmir as illustrative empirical indicants in order to validate the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Reviews

Douglas S. Derrer, We Are All the Target: A Handbook of Terrorism Avoidance and Hostage Survival. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1992. Pp. x+135, notes, index. $14.95. ISBN 01–55750–150–5

Ian Knight, Zulu: Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift, 22–23 January 1879. London: Windrow & Greene, 1992. Pp.136, 150 illus., incl 8 colour plates, maps, biblio. £35. ISBN 1–872004–23–7

Ian Knight, By the Orders of the Great White Queen: Campaigning in Zululand through the Eyes of the British Soldiers, 1879. London: Greenhill Books and Novato: Presidio Press, 1992. Pp. 272, 17 illus., 1 map. £18.95. ISBN 1–85367–122–3

Manfried Rauchensteiner and Erwin A. Schmidl (eds.), Formen des Krieges: vom Mittelalter zum ‘Low‐intensity’ Conflict’. Graz : Verlag Styria, 1991. Pp.208. DM35. ISBN 3–22–12139–7

Harold J. Kearsley, Maritime Power and the Twenty‐First Century. Dartmouth: Dartmouth Publishing Company, Limited, 1992. Pp.xv + 203, 13 diagrams, index. £32.50. ISBN 1–85521–288–9     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.