潜艇对空投鱼雷的防御模型研究

由于空投鱼雷入水点距离潜艇较近,潜艇单靠机动规避摆脱鱼雷跟踪比较困难。针对空投鱼雷的特点,提出了使用噪声干扰器和自航式声诱饵规避敌方鱼雷的对抗方案,分析了噪声干扰器和自航式声诱饵的使用方法并建立了噪声干扰器干扰模型和自航式声诱饵发射扇面模型。通过仿真计算表明:采用本模型确定噪声干扰器和自航式声诱饵的使用方法是可行的。     

潜艇规避被动声自导鱼雷的航速和航向问题

研究了潜艇高频段辐射噪声、传播损失、鱼雷的干扰噪声级等影响鱼雷被动声纳方程的因素,定量分析了潜艇航速和航向对鱼雷被动声自导作用距离的影响,对潜艇规避处于被动声自导状态鱼雷的过程进行了模拟仿真,讨论了潜艇规避航速和航向对潜艇纯机动被动声自导鱼雷成功概率的影响,根据仿真统计得出了潜艇规避航速和航向的最优取值范围.     

水声对抗线导鱼雷中的舰艇规避航向优化策略分析

利用传统经验值得出了舰艇在布放噪声干扰器后干扰潜艇平台的机动规避航向和舰艇布放声诱饵后远离鱼雷的机动规避航向。考虑到舰艇在布放声诱饵后远离鱼雷的规避过程中不可能时刻保持直航,又利用运筹学优化原理,将舰艇远离鱼雷的机动规避航向问题归结为有约束的目标函数优化问题,利用求解非线性规划的方法得到了舰艇的最佳机动规避范围。     

舰用水声对抗系统对抗线导鱼雷战术运用分析

以舰用水声对抗系统对抗来袭线导鱼雷为作战背景,通过理论分析和过程描述,从探测识别判断、舰艇指挥决策、布放火箭助飞干扰器、干扰潜艇平台的机动规避、布放火箭助飞/拖曳式声诱饵和舰艇远离鱼雷的机动规避六个阶段探讨了舰用水声对抗系统对抗线导鱼雷的战术运用方法,并通过图表分析得出了舰艇分布放干扰器干扰敌潜艇的最佳机动航向,以及舰艇布放声诱饵后远离鱼雷的最佳规避航向。研究结果对未来水声对抗装备器材的研发以及水声对抗作战战术的研究都有一定的指导意义。     

发射噪声背景下自导鱼雷命中概率

潜艇是一种隐蔽性良好的水下作战平台,低噪声是其生命力的保障,但在对目标进攻鱼雷攻击时会因为发射噪声过大而暴露发射阵位和影响鱼雷攻击效果.分析了潜艇鱼雷发射噪声对潜艇的占位射击可行域存在的影响,在目标舰探测到发射噪声后采取规避措施的态势下,对自导鱼雷在不同命中角情况下的命中概率进行了仿真计算,并给出了计算模型.仿真的结果可为发射噪声的限制指标提出参考.     

潜艇鱼雷攻击可攻区域

攻击水面舰艇是潜艇的主要作战任务之一.潜艇发现目标后,对目标进行可攻区域的分析判断是潜艇后续占位攻击行动的基础和前提.以潜艇鱼雷攻击为背景,通过对鱼雷有效射击区域和鱼雷攻击可攻性的分析研究,得出潜艇鱼雷攻击极限攻击角和与之相对应的可攻区域,为潜艇鱼雷攻击的占位机动和火控系统仿真建模提供了参考依据,完善了潜艇鱼雷攻击作战使用理论.     

空投鱼雷最优落水点分析

针对反潜机使用空投鱼雷对潜实施攻击时的最优落水点问题,建立了鱼雷弹道模型、声纳自导系统发现模型、潜艇机动模型、均方差模型,对空投鱼雷对潜攻击过程进行了模拟仿真,得出了相对于不同舷角、距离的鱼雷发现概率,并确定了鱼雷的最优落水点,以期为部队合理使用空投鱼雷提供决策依据.     

基于声诱饵对抗的火箭助飞鱼雷命中概率仿真

针对舰艇使用火箭助飞鱼雷与潜艇对抗的典型样式,分别建立了潜艇自航式声诱饵对抗声自导鱼雷模型、火箭助飞鱼雷对目标提前位置射击参数解算模型、鱼雷运动模型、潜艇机动模型和命中概率计算模型,采用模拟法计算了火箭助飞鱼雷单雷射击和双雷齐射的命中概率,总结了射击距离和潜艇航速对火箭助飞鱼雷命中概率的影响,研究结论可为火箭助飞鱼雷作战使用提供理论指导。     

空投鱼雷最优落水点分析

针对反潜机使用空投鱼雷对潜实施攻击时的最优落水点问题，建立了鱼雷弹道模型、声纳自导系统发现模型、潜艇机动模型、均方差模型，对空投鱼雷对潜攻击过程进行了模拟仿真，得出了相对于不同舷角、距离的鱼雷发现概率，并确定了鱼雷的最优落水点，以期为部队合理使用空投鱼雷提供决策依据。     

直升机悬停投雷命中概率仿真

为研究投雷阵位对直升机悬停投雷命中该率的影响,根据直升机悬停投雷过程,建立投雷参数求解模型、鱼雷水下弹道模型和潜艇机动模型,仿真不同阵位下直升机悬停投雷的命中概率。仿真结果表明投雷阵位对鱼雷命中概率有较大影响,直升机投雷存在一最优投雷区域。仿真结论对空投鱼雷作战使用有一定指导意义。     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

India's counter-insurgency experience: the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy

The Indian Army, a force trained primarily for conventional warfare, has been engaged in internal counter-insurgency operations since the 1950s. Despite such a long innings on a counter-insurgency mode, little attention has been accorded within military circles to doctrinal innovation for waging sub-conventional warfare in India's democratic political context. At best, the Army continues to view counter-insurgency duty as secondary to its primary duty of defending India from external conventional threats. By conceptualizing a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’, this article aims to fill this critical doctrinal gap in India's military policy. The author argues that a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’ based on democratic political culture, measured military methods, special counter-insurgency forces, local social and cultural awareness and an integrative nation-building approach will result in positive handling of India's internal security problems. The author utilizes India's counter-insurgency experiences in Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland, Punjab, and Operation ‘Sadhbhavana’ in Jammu and Kashmir as illustrative empirical indicants in order to validate the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Reviews

Douglas S. Derrer, We Are All the Target: A Handbook of Terrorism Avoidance and Hostage Survival. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1992. Pp. x+135, notes, index. $14.95. ISBN 01–55750–150–5

Ian Knight, Zulu: Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift, 22–23 January 1879. London: Windrow & Greene, 1992. Pp.136, 150 illus., incl 8 colour plates, maps, biblio. £35. ISBN 1–872004–23–7

Ian Knight, By the Orders of the Great White Queen: Campaigning in Zululand through the Eyes of the British Soldiers, 1879. London: Greenhill Books and Novato: Presidio Press, 1992. Pp. 272, 17 illus., 1 map. £18.95. ISBN 1–85367–122–3

Manfried Rauchensteiner and Erwin A. Schmidl (eds.), Formen des Krieges: vom Mittelalter zum ‘Low‐intensity’ Conflict’. Graz : Verlag Styria, 1991. Pp.208. DM35. ISBN 3–22–12139–7

Harold J. Kearsley, Maritime Power and the Twenty‐First Century. Dartmouth: Dartmouth Publishing Company, Limited, 1992. Pp.xv + 203, 13 diagrams, index. £32.50. ISBN 1–85521–288–9     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.