改进的遗传算法在导弹火力分配中的应用

弹道导弹系统是一个非常复杂的系统,有其自身的特点,其造价昂贵,数量有限,发射点也很分散.因此,火力分配问题在弹道导弹射击中具有极为重要的地位.尤其对于常规战术弹道导弹,火力分配的合理与否将直接影响作战效果与战斗力的发挥.根据地地战术导弹的作战运用特点,建立了导弹火力分配的优化模型;详细介绍了一种改进的遗传算法,将其应用于火力分配优化模型的求解,通过算例比较,证明该改进算法更能有效快速地找到最优解.     

多层弹道导弹防御体系火力分配优化研究

对多层弹道导弹防御体系火力分配问题进行了研究。首先对多层弹道导弹防御体系火力分配问题进行了描述,在此基础上建立了基于最大化资源剩余价值目标函数的多层弹道导弹防御体系火力分配模型,分析了求解该模型的难点,提出了基于文化基因的多层弹道导弹防御体系火力分配问题文化基因求解算法,最后应用实例验证了模型的有效性,并对算法进行了对比分析。试验结果证明,合理制定多层弹道导弹防御体系火力分配方案,对于提升防御效能具有重要意义。     

射击持续时间对炮兵火力毁伤的影响

针对当前炮兵火力毁伤评估的主要特点,分析射击持续时间对炮兵火力毁伤的影响.讨论了目标毁伤毁伤幅员和火炮发射速度在急袭过程随射击持续时间增加的变化情况,得到了一个随射击持续时间变化的火力毁伤评估模型.该算法较好地满足了当前炮兵火力毁伤评估的精度要求.     

车载反坦克导弹火力分配优化模型

在车载反坦克导弹指挥控制系统软件设计过程中,火力分配模型在车载反坦克导弹射击中具有极其重要的地位作用,而传统反坦克导弹射击主要是根据攻击区进行划分,并未涉及火力分配问题,这将直接影响车载反坦克导弹作战效能的发挥.而AHP层次分析法是解决火力分配问题的有效模型,根据车载反坦克导弹的作战运用特点,并结合AHP层次分析法理论,建立了反坦克导弹火力分配的优化模型.通过对模型的求解,证明该算法对于某型车载反坦克导弹作战单元火力分配问题切实有效.     

基于遗传算法的弹炮混编防空群火力分配

近期局部战争中的防空作战经验表明:实施弹炮混编可以大大提高防空武器系统的作战效能,而如何实施有效的火力分配又是其中的一个重要环节.针对陆军弹炮混编防空群射击指挥中的火力分配问题,简要分析了防空导弹和高炮武器系统射击的不同特点,提出了弹炮混编防空群的火力分配方法,并建立了优化火力分配方案的数学模型.在此基础上,采用遗传算法对此模型求解.结果表明,遗传算法为弹炮混编防空群的火力优化分配问题提供了一条有效途径.     

远程多管火箭武器未来发展

在作战需求的牵引和军事技术的推动下,未来多管火箭系统正在向增大射程、增强战斗部威力、拓宽战斗部种类、发展灵巧子弹药方向发展,并进一步提高射击精度、提高自动化程度、降低成本。增大射程随着未来战场空间的日益加大,要求作为陆军主要火力支援武器之一的     

舰载火箭子母弹最优火力分配

舰载火箭子母弹对岸上目标实施火力压制射击时,火力分配方式直接影响毁伤效果和火力支援任务的完成.针对舰载火箭子母弹的射击特点,首先分析了海上射击误差,然后探讨了集群目标的简化处理方法,最后给出了最优火力分配时表尺差计算公式,并进行了举例分析.利用最优火力分配方法来计算舰载火箭子母弹效力射表尺差,避免了指挥员战场射击指挥的盲目性,可以在相同弹药消耗量情况下取得最佳射击效果,对未来舰载火箭子母弹的火力运用具有较高的现实意义.     

舰炮对岸活动阻拦火力分配

为了提高舰炮对岸阻拦射击的火力运用效能,设计了一种基于火力打击累积时间函数的火力分配优化算法.该算法以火力打击的累积时间最大化作为目标函数,通过数学建模,得到了转移射击地段时机、射击地段数以及射击地段中心间隔的优化数学模型.经过典型目标仿真分析,与经验数据相比,该火力分配算法能够快速、准确地确定各个活动阻拦火力分配要素.     

弹炮结合武器系统火力分配优化问题研究

在确定弹炮结合武器系统对目标的可射击系数、火力重叠修正系数和转火矛盾修正系数的基础上,结合防空作战的实际,通过对运用地空导弹射击、运用高炮射击、运用地空导弹和高炮混合射击三种情况的分析,介绍了解决弹炮结合武器系统火力分配优化问题的一般步骤。通过算例,证明了该方法的可行性,为有效解决弹炮结合武器系统火力分配优化问题提供了一种较为科学的方法。     

让“智慧之神”亲吻“战争之神”

炮兵曾是战场上最重要的火力突击力量,以其强大的火力、较远的射程、良好的射击精度和较高的机动能力等诸多优势,获得了"战争之神"的美誉。在战火中诞生、发展、壮大的解放军炮兵,更是战功卓著。但是随着精确制导武器的兴起,人们怀疑,如今的解放军炮兵是否神勇依旧。带着这个疑问我们走进了某炮兵师。     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Cyberpower in Strategic Affairs: Neither Unthinkable nor Blessed

Abstract

This article explores the effect of connectivity on strategic affairs. It argues that the effect on war's character is potentially, although not yet shown in practice, considerably large. Its effect upon the distribution of power among states in the international system is small, contrary to the claims of ‘cyberwar’ alarmists. All told, however, its effect upon strategic affairs is complex. On the one hand, it represents a significant advance in the ‘complexification’ of state strategies, understood in the sense of the production of intended effects. On the other hand, strategists today – still predominantly concerned with the conflicts and confrontations of states and organised military power – are generally missing the power which non-traditional strategic actors, better adapted to the network flows of the information age, are beginning to deploy. These new forms of organization and coercion will challenge the status quo.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.