陆军智能化无人化作战体系构建

文章基于智能化无人化技术发展对陆军战争形态演化的驱动作用,阐述了智能无人作战体系在陆军全地域、全天候、全时段遂行多样化军事使命任务作战能力,分析了基于智能无人作战系统从人机弱结合到人机融合的演进方向,提出"人在回路、物在感知、可随遇接入和动态重组,且能够自适应、协同、自组织"的智能化无人化作战体系构建思路。     

装甲装备智能化发展的主要方向探究

当前,人工智能技术已在军事领域全方位渗透,"智能参谋"、无人机蜂群、无人战车、仿生机器人等武器装备已投入军队使用并取得了良好作战效果.装甲装备作为军事武器装备的重要组成部分,在未来智能化战争中仍然是陆战场的主角,而装甲装备的智能化发展也正在由单个"功能点"的突破向"战术面"融合的阶段迈进.本文认为,未来智能化战争对装甲...     

智能化无人作战系统及其关键技术

智能化无人作战系统是信息化武器装备发展的必然结果,将极大地提高武器装备的作战效能,并对未来战争产生深远的影响。研究了智能化无人作战系统的基本概念,分析了智能化无人作战系统的战场感知系统、决策支持系统和精确打击系统,探讨了智能化无人作战系统的主要关键技术。     

美军无人机蜂群作战研究动态及应对策略

无人机蜂群是以智能化无人控制技术和网络信息系统为支撑的集群式无人作战武器装备,这种新型武器装备势必将成为改变未来战争规则的重要推手。美军作为无人机蜂群作战研究的领跑者,掌握了解其发展动态,学习其相关有益经验做法,参考借鉴其理论体系和关键技术,对于军队打赢未来智能化战争具有重要现实意义。本文通过梳理与总结美军在无人机蜂群作战研究方面所进行的开创性工作,厘清无人机蜂群作战发展的脉络,重点对无人机蜂群作战的产生背景、基本概念以及发展现状进行了探讨,结合课题组在无人集群作战领域的研究基础,分析了6个方面制约无人机蜂群发展的难点问题,探讨了应对无人机蜂群作战的可鉴之策,希冀能够为军队未来构建蜂群作战体系和建设相关能力提供理论指导和技术依据。     

【专题】“无人系统自主性与智能化”专题编者按

地空协同无人系统作为新质跨域智能作战力量已成为世界强国开展军事技术竞争的前沿方向。本文首先总结了地空协同无人系统的概念、功能及发展目标,分析了世界主要国家制定的专项规划,从形成智能作战体系、改变战场攻防平衡及全面提高作战效能三个方面阐述了地空协同无人系统对未来战争的重大意义;其次,针对其面临的环境复杂、资源受限和平台异构等约束条件,从分布式态势认知、适应性智能导航及异构系统协同控制等方面总结了地空协同无人系统需要突破的关键技术;最后,为应对智能化战争挑战,从技术瓶颈、平台建设及政策支持等方面提出发展建议。该研究可为地空协同无人系统在国防科技领域的研究、应用和发展提供参考。     

地空协同无人系统综述

地空协同无人系统作为新质跨域智能作战力量已成为世界强国开展军事技术竞争的前沿方向。本文首先总结了地空协同无人系统的概念、功能及发展目标,分析了世界主要国家制定的专项规划,从形成智能作战体系、改变战场攻防平衡及全面提高作战效能三个方面阐述了地空协同无人系统对未来战争的重大意义;其次,针对其面临的环境复杂、资源受限和平台异构等约束条件,从分布式态势认知、适应性智能导航及异构系统协同控制等方面总结了地空协同无人系统需要突破的关键技术;最后,为应对智能化战争挑战,从技术瓶颈、平台建设及政策支持等方面提出发展建议。该研究可为地空协同无人系统在国防科技领域的研究、应用和发展提供参考。     

提升心理防护能力助力打赢未来之战

时至今日,精确打击武器、人工智能系统、认知软杀伤、无人蜂群作战等无一不在挑战作战人员的决心意志,甚至有人预言未来智能化战争将弱化作战人员的作用。本着不丢掉每一寸优势、不忽视任何一个可能致败因素的理念,保持作战人员的心理优势。     

国家安全视角下军队院校提升学员认知域作战能力的策略思考

在信息化、数字化、智能化战争时代,军队面临新型战争形态威胁与挑战的时代课题。本文介绍了军队院校进行“战略性复合型”人才培养提前布局的战略考量。面向军校学员反混合战争作战能力映射生成需求,围绕新域作战中涉及的非传统国家安全问题,设计了“全源认知感知、全维认知融合、全域认知攻防”新型作战能力培养的实践向度,从“培养瞭望总体国家安全的跨域洞察思维、提升面向学科交叉和军事应用的战斗能力、练好善于释放和拨开战争迷雾的打赢本领”角度介绍了具体的培养策略。本文基于人才培养依托学科建设的战略高度,探讨了认知战归属于“交叉学科”的学科定位,提出了军队院校开展认知战学科建设的展望。     

地空无人平台协同作战应用研究

战争即将进入智能化时代,无人装备将成为未来战场主角.地空无人平台协同应用是未来战场的必然趋势.基于未来战场复杂作战环境需求,针对地空无人平台协同作战应用进行研究.合理分析协同作战应用的必然性;从协同侦察感知、协同指挥控制、协同支援保障、协同防御警戒4个领域进行作战应用研究,并分析其技术基础及可行性;列出地空协同运用存在的难点并给出合理的意见建议,为陆军作战、编制及装备体系的论证规划提供参考.     

对陆军智能化建设的深层思考

战争形态正由机械化、信息化向智能化演进，智能化建设成为陆军发展的全新阶段，必须深刻认识陆军智能化建设内涵，准确把握情报信息智能感知、指挥决策智慧运行、作战力量智成体系、战场行动自行适应、作战保障自动推送等作战需求，瞄准作战体系人机一体、作战平台智能无人、作战行动覆盖全域、指挥控制自主决策、攻防对抗自动实施、武器装备自行打击的建设目标，合理确定陆军智能嵌入发展、智能支撑行动和智能主导作战的建设阶段。     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Cyberpower in Strategic Affairs: Neither Unthinkable nor Blessed

Abstract

This article explores the effect of connectivity on strategic affairs. It argues that the effect on war's character is potentially, although not yet shown in practice, considerably large. Its effect upon the distribution of power among states in the international system is small, contrary to the claims of ‘cyberwar’ alarmists. All told, however, its effect upon strategic affairs is complex. On the one hand, it represents a significant advance in the ‘complexification’ of state strategies, understood in the sense of the production of intended effects. On the other hand, strategists today – still predominantly concerned with the conflicts and confrontations of states and organised military power – are generally missing the power which non-traditional strategic actors, better adapted to the network flows of the information age, are beginning to deploy. These new forms of organization and coercion will challenge the status quo.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.