激光制导炸弹投放域分析

以某型激光制导航空炸弹为例,进行了三维动态数字仿真研究.建立激光制导炸弹空间六自由度运动方程组,激光制导炸弹控制系统数学模型和控制信号的形成模型,用拟合技术求解气动力因数,仿真计算了水平投放时的投放域,并对影响攻击区边界的因素和影响制导精度的因素进行了分析和讨论.对激光制导炸弹的研制提出了几点建议.     

激光制导炸弹的仿真及其有效投弹区的计算

激光制导炸弹是现代精确对地攻击的重要武器之一.以实验数据为基础,对采用风标式导引头的激光制导炸弹进行了仿真与研究,建立了炸弹六自由度空间的数学模型,显示出了在VC界面下的仿真运动弹道;根据仿真结果和弹着点精度的要求,给出了炸弹的有效投弹区.此外,以六自由度的炸弹模型为基础,给出了它的简化模型及其投弹区,比较了同样条件下两者投弹区的异同.它为该炸弹的实际应用提供了依据.     

基于三次B样条曲线的一维弹道修正弹空气阻力系数拟合

为提高弹道修正弹的射击精度,对一维弹道修正弹空气阻力系数的拟合方法进行了研究。在分析Logistic曲线对43年阻力定律拟合缺点的基础上,提出了一种采用三次B样条曲线对其进行拟合的新方法。并通过某型号一维弹道修正弹验证了该拟合方法具有可行性好、拟合精度高、运算简单、结果可靠等优点。该拟合方法的提出为一维弹道修正弹空气阻力系数的拟合提供了一种新的研究方法,更便于外弹道的仿真计算。     

一种激光制导炸弹对地攻击方法仿真

传统的激光制导炸弹对地攻击方法中,在战机投放炸弹后还要对炸弹进行制导直至炸弹命中目标。为保证制导效果,战机必须在一定的空间范围内对炸弹进行制导,这就导致了战机在敌方防空火力中暴露时间过长,增大了对战机的威胁。针对此问题提出一种新的激光制导炸弹对地攻击方法,即战机投放激光制导炸弹后直接脱离、无人机对炸弹进行引导的对地攻击方法。通过对战机、无人机和激光制导炸弹进行建模与仿真,得到战机和无人机的战术机动数据以及激光制导炸弹的相关飞行参数,结合装备的使用规则并考虑有关安全规定,确定投放空域和制导空域的大小,按照隔离运行规则规划出对地攻击相关空域的具体位置。仿真实验验证了该方法的可行性和有效性,为激光制导炸弹的实际使用提供参考。     

某型激光制导炸弹投放域仿真研究

以国产某型激光制导航空炸弹为例,进行了投放域的仿真研究。建立了该型激光制导炸弹六自由度空间运动方程、控制系统数学模型和控制信号的形成模型。以国内给出的气动力风洞实验数据为基础,运用MATLAB语言进行仿真计算,并给出了该型激光制导炸弹的投放域。     

基于排序的自适应遗传算法航空炸弹弹道拟合方法

提出了一种基于排序的自适应遗传算法的航空炸弹弹道的拟合方法.该方法在简单遗传算法的基础上,将每一代染色体的适应度排序,并添加了交叉率和变异率的自适应控制函数,既克服了简单遗传算法收敛速度慢,稳定性差的缺点,又改善了函数优化效果.算法应用于某型航空炸弹的弹道数据拟合,仿真结果表明,该算法的拟合精度高,拟合模型优化效果良好.     

基于虚拟靶试技术的激光制导炸弹投弹框仿真

激光制导炸弹是一种精度高、威力大、技术成熟的对地精确制导武器,在历次局部战争中发挥了巨大的作用,目前仍处在不断发展之中.建立激光制导炸弹计算机虚拟靶试平台,在给定的初始投弹条件下,对投弹框进行了仿真计算,并对结果进行分析,得出相关结论.实弹打靶与虚拟靶试的结果相吻合,表明了仿真结果具有较高的精度.     

基于摄动理论的落点预测算法研究

针对弹道修正控制系统需要实时进行落点预测的问题,分析了脉冲弹道修正弹弹道特点以及脉冲发动机点火条件,并根据摄动理论,提出了一种快速落点预测算法。该算法通过对标准弹道和扰动弹道的解算获取样本点,采用回归方法求解落点预测模型。并基于该落点预测算法,设计了一种适用于简易修正弹的弹道修正方案。六自由度弹道仿真结果表明,该落点预测算法精度达到控制系统的精度要求,采用该控制方法的弹道修正弹,落点散布误差也大幅降低。     

激光制导航空炸弹三维动态数字仿真研究

以某型激光制导航空炸弹为例,进行了三维动态数字仿真研究,文中建立了该型激光制导炸弹六自由度空间运动方程和双通道控制系统模型。通过仿真计算,得到了该弹的三维攻击区,并将三维动画技术应用于实时仿真系统的软件开发中     

21世纪初的制导炸弹

制导炸弹是在普通低阻航空炸弹上加装制导舱段,并改换弹翼组件而构成的精确制导武器,它集中了普通航空炸弹结构简单、价格便宜和空地导弹射程远、命中精度高的优点,是目前世界上装备、使用数量最多的一种价廉高效的空地制导武器。制导炸弹有激光制导、电视制导、红外成像制导、INS/GPS复合制导等多种制导方式,其中以激光制导炸弹最多、最普遍,命中精度也最高。 20世纪60年代以来,制导炸弹迅速     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

India's counter-insurgency experience: the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy

The Indian Army, a force trained primarily for conventional warfare, has been engaged in internal counter-insurgency operations since the 1950s. Despite such a long innings on a counter-insurgency mode, little attention has been accorded within military circles to doctrinal innovation for waging sub-conventional warfare in India's democratic political context. At best, the Army continues to view counter-insurgency duty as secondary to its primary duty of defending India from external conventional threats. By conceptualizing a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’, this article aims to fill this critical doctrinal gap in India's military policy. The author argues that a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’ based on democratic political culture, measured military methods, special counter-insurgency forces, local social and cultural awareness and an integrative nation-building approach will result in positive handling of India's internal security problems. The author utilizes India's counter-insurgency experiences in Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland, Punjab, and Operation ‘Sadhbhavana’ in Jammu and Kashmir as illustrative empirical indicants in order to validate the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy.     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.