虚拟导弹发射车动力学仿真模型研究

分别建立了全尺寸的全刚体和刚柔混合的导弹发射车虚拟样机,对导弹发射车进行了随机路面行驶以及过沟、越障的动力学仿真计算。仿真结果表明,该虚拟样机建模方法正确,能为导弹发射车的动力学特性研究提供参考。     

某越野火箭炮行驶垂向动态特性研究

以某型高机动越野火箭炮为研究对象,基于随机路面激励,应用多刚体系统动力学和柔性多体动力学的理论,建立该越野火箭炮刚柔耦合模型,研究其行驶垂向动力学特性。考虑了油气弹簧的非线性特性以及轮胎的作用,重点编写了B、C、D级路面的随机路面谱,进行不同车速下的行驶动力学仿真。结果表明,非线性的油气悬架系统能较好地减轻路面的垂向冲击。仿真得到的车炮动态响应特性曲线,为该高机动火箭炮的研制提供了有用的参考。     

基于ADAMS和Matlab的大口径舰炮发射系统动力学仿真

利用ADAMS和Matlab/Simulink两大软件的信息交互功能,将ADAMS中的全炮动力学仿真模型生成ADAMS_SUB模块,并将其嵌入联合后坐系统仿真模型中;通过ADAMS和 Matlab/Simulink同步运行对全炮进行发射动力学联合仿真,模拟大口径舰炮发射的全过程,分析全炮的动态响应.对全炮发射动力学联合仿真结果进行后处理分析,观察炮口扰动曲线,进行稳定性分析和炮口扰动分析.根据分析结果,对所建模型及仿真模块进行评价,结果表明,仿真结果与靶场试验数据基本吻合,为物理样机的研制提供了重要的理论参考依据.     

基于路面不平度的车载导弹刚柔耦合行驶动力学研究

应用多刚体动力学以及多柔体动力学理论,对某型车载导弹进行了行驶分析,建立了部分构件柔性体模型及车载导弹刚柔耦合模型,并结合由随机离散方法建立的路面模型,在所编辑的B级路面上对车载导弹进行了3个速度下的行驶动力学仿真,得到了三轴向振动量级谱线图,与技术要求所对应的谱型图进行了对比分析,得到了不同轴向振动量级的对比结论。     

导弹发射车悬架半主动控制与仿真

为了降低导弹行进间发射时车体的强烈振动,提出了利用磁流变阻尼器进行半主动控制的方法。首先,对采用垂直发射方式的导弹发射车悬架系统进行了简化,建立了四自由度振动模型,推导出悬架系统的状态方程。然后分别考虑发射车在恶劣路况下的行驶以及行进间发射2种工况,利用磁流变阻尼器提供控制力进行了线性最优二次型振动控制。最后编写了控制程序并进行了仿真计算。结果表明,实施半主动控制后,2种工况下车身的振动得到了较好的抑制。     

路面对坦克火炮动态特性影响的计算机模拟

就不平地面行驶时坦克火炮系统的动态特性进行了动力学建模和仿真,主要包括:通过随机抽样法建立双侧不平地面模型,采用状态方程法建立三维车体、双侧任意车轮、任意位置座椅在内的坦克底盘的振动模型、火炮的运动模型,并编制相应的程序进行了仿真。将路面-坦克-火炮相互作用过程体现出来,更加全面和客观地反映了坦克行进过程中火炮的动态特性,比实车测量法获得火炮运动特性的方法更为高效和系统,对于坦克火控系统的综合仿真有着积极的作用。     

轮式车载防空导弹行进间发射动力学仿真分析

利用谐波叠加法生成三维随机路面图,建立三维随机路面模型和8×8轮式车载防空导弹多体动力学模型。根据对比试验法设计平整路面静止状态、D级路面10 km/h和20 km/h 3种工况,对影响导弹出筒时刻状态的因素进行了分析。对行进间发射进行了不同时刻导弹弹射实验仿真,去除实验结果的偶然性,得出影响行进间发射导弹出状态的两个主要因素:在导弹弹射时刻车体的振动状态和导弹与导弹箱之间的接触碰撞。     

提高多管火箭炮发射火力密度研究

为了提高某多管火箭炮火力密度,提出采用两管对称齐射的方法缩短发射时间,减少火箭弹初始扰动的方案。建立多管火箭炮多体动力学模型,根据发射顺序的基本编制原则和考虑火箭炮采用两枚弹同时发射的影响因素拟定射序,对整个发射过程进行仿真,得到火箭初始扰动计算的火箭炮动态特性数据。经与原单发发射时对比,有效提高发射火力密度,并且也有利于提高火箭射击密集度。     

轮式越野车动力学建模及行驶动力学特性仿真

为准确评估某型6×6轮式越野车行驶动力学性能,建立了该越野车的整车多刚体动力学模型,分析了模型的振动固有特性和频率响应特性,并进行了特定工况下的行驶动力学特性仿真,计算了悬架动行程均方根值和车轮动载荷均方根值,分析了悬架与限位块的碰撞概率和车轮跳离地面的概率。结果表明:该动态工况下越野车的悬架设计工作空间满足使用要求,但行驶安全性能较差。     

螺旋推进器在湿软地面推进力的仿真分析

为了探究螺旋推进器在湿软地面的推进力特性,建立了螺旋滚筒三维运动学模型和动力学模型,利用Matlab/Simulink软件对动力学模型进行了仿真,分析计算了螺旋滚筒与地面之间的推进力随滑转率的变化规律,综合考虑了地面条件对推进力的影响。结果表明:随着滑转率、沉陷量、螺旋出土角的增大,推进力均会增大;螺旋滚筒与地面的接触条件会影响推进力的变化规律。研究结果为下一步分析整车行驶特性奠定了基础。     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Cyberpower in Strategic Affairs: Neither Unthinkable nor Blessed

Abstract

This article explores the effect of connectivity on strategic affairs. It argues that the effect on war's character is potentially, although not yet shown in practice, considerably large. Its effect upon the distribution of power among states in the international system is small, contrary to the claims of ‘cyberwar’ alarmists. All told, however, its effect upon strategic affairs is complex. On the one hand, it represents a significant advance in the ‘complexification’ of state strategies, understood in the sense of the production of intended effects. On the other hand, strategists today – still predominantly concerned with the conflicts and confrontations of states and organised military power – are generally missing the power which non-traditional strategic actors, better adapted to the network flows of the information age, are beginning to deploy. These new forms of organization and coercion will challenge the status quo.