加强海军航空军械器材信息化建设的对策研究

面对现代空战时域、空域广阔,发生时机不确定性强,航空军械装备战损消耗大的局面,为达到海军航空军械器材保障"快速反应"和"精确保障"目的,必须进一步加强海军航空军械器材信息化建设的研究。首先从总体上规划了海军航空军械器材信息管理系统功能;然后研究了信息化管理的主要技术;最后,提出推行海军航空军械器材"全资可视化"管理,为海军航空军械器材信息化保障提供了一种建设思路和技术指导。     

态势估计中编队作战空间关系表示及其推理

空间关系表示及其推理是态势估计的基本问题。提出了海军编队作战空间的概念,分析了几种典型的空间形式并探讨了相应的描述方法,基于对B.Clarke空间理论的分析,针对两支编队海上作战的态势演变,提出了海军编队作战的区域拓扑关系、及其符号表示和推理的符号集合,并采用合理化的形式推导了空间区域的相加、相交、补集和全集等谓词推理运算,它将适用于构建海军编队态势估计的空间推理基础框架。     

Target selection in lanchester combat: Heterogeneous forces and time-dependent attrition-rate coefficients

We develop solutions to two fire distribution problems for a homogeneous force in Lanchester combat against heterogeneous enemy forces. The combat continues over a period of time with a choice of tactics available to the homogeneous force and subject to change with time. In these idealized combat situations the lethality of each force's fire (as expressed by the Lanchester attrition-rate coefficient) depends upon time. Optimal fire distribution rules are developed through the combination of Lanchester-type equations for combat attrition and deterministic optimal control theory (Pontryagin maximum principle). Additionally, the theory of state variable inequality constraints is used to treat the nonnegativity of force levels. The synthesis of optimal fire distribution policies was facilitated by exploiting special mathematical structures in these problems.     

积极贯彻军民融合式发展战略 推进海军装备体系建设科学发展

推进海军装备体系建设领域内军民融合式发展是新形势下加快海军战斗力生成模式转变的重大举措,事关海军长远发展。文章从推进海军武器装备军民融合式发展的重要性入手,分析了当前海军武器装备体系建设领域军民融合工作面临的形势,提出了研建信息交流平台、优化计划编制、更新采办策略、改进合同管理、完善监管手段等对策建议。     

海上编队信息系统的分等级安全防护体系

海上编队信息系统的安全防护能力,是确保系统稳定可靠和安全,确保作战指挥顺畅和信息安全,确保诸兵力协同作战时信息保密共享、信息安全利用、武器可靠共用的重要前提。海上编队信息系统的安全问题是一个系统工程,必须首先从系统体系结构上进行整体考虑。本文遵循深度防御、分等级防护和综合防范思想,确定了海上编队信息系统安全域划分原则,构建了分等级安全防护体系结构,为未来海上编队信息系统的分等级安全防护提供了指导和依据。     

海上编队信息系统安全域防护策略

增强编队信息系统的安全防护能力,是确保作战指挥顺畅和军事信息安全,确保诸兵力协同作战时信息保密共享、信息综合安全利用、武器可靠共用的重要手段。针对海上编队信息系统的安全问题,遵循深度防御、分等级防护和综合防范思想,提出基于安全域划分的安全防护体系结构,在此基础上研究了安全域内部防护策略、安全域间安全防护策略以及安全域间的信息流控制技术,为未来编队信息系统的分等级安全防护提供了指导和依据。     

一种多约束条件下的分布式多传感器协同规划算法

在编队作战中,如何对分布在不同作战平台、拥有众多约束条件的传感器进行协同规划,具有重要的研究意义。基于协方差控制的基本思想,运用分布式多传感器航迹融合算法计算协方差矩阵,分析可能存在的多种作战约束条件,提出一种多传感器多目标分配步骤和方法。算法可针对动态变化的目标期望协方差和约束条件,及时地调整分配策略,在保证协方差控制作用的同时,着眼于提高分配结果的稳定性,并对此进行仿真。仿真结果证明了算法的合理性和有效性。     

测速雷达使用新方法研究

通过舰炮武器系统测速雷达作战使用分析，提出初速预测新模型、修正量新模型等测速雷达使用新方法。分别对使用新方法前后效能进行比较仿真，仿真证明，本方法极大地提高了舰炮武器系统对海作战时首群命中效能。所提出的方法对于提高舰炮武器作战效能具有理论和实际意义。     

无线传感器网络在海防工程结构健康监测中的应用

海防工程是海军赢得非接触、非对称作战胜利和保存作战潜力的重要硬件基础,将关系到海军作战装备战斗力的发挥,直接影响作战的进程与结局。因此,海防工程结构健康监测系统正成为军内学术界和工程界的研究热点。无线传感器网络由于安装方便、维护成本低和部署灵活等特点,已被广泛应用于各类工程结构健康监测系统中。本文阐述了基于无线传感器网络的海防工程结构健康监测系统提出的背景、基本概念和构成体系,通过模拟部署舰艇洞库结构健康监测系统,协作地实时感知和采集洞库结构信息及环境数据,从而实现海防工程、信息网络和后勤管理的无缝衔接,形成一体化保障能力。     

基于多属性目标决策的威胁评估排序模型

针对当前海战中对舰艇编队构成威胁的空中目标的特点,运用目标多属性理论探索对空中目标的威胁排序问题.提出了一种对空中目标进行威胁评估和排序的方法,并通过示例介绍了威胁评估和排序的求解过程.该方法有效地解决了目标威胁评估与排序问题,提高了舰艇编队防空作战能力.     

海军作战指挥综合仿真系统

在分析作战仿真的基本概念和应用领域的基础上,描述了作战仿真系统的军事需求,提出了海军作战指挥综合仿真系统的总体设计要求,分析了仿真系统的体系结构、组成及运行方式,阐述了仿真系统研究中的主要关键技术和应用方向.为海军新型作战指挥系统的研制建立了一个集成综合作战仿真系统.     

Kinetics in counterinsurgency: some influences on soldier combat performance in the 1st Australian Task Force in the Vietnam War

Counterinsurgency is often characterized by large numbers of small fire-fights interspersed with a few larger battles. Heavy firepower contributes to the outcome of the larger battles but the smaller contacts are often fought by infantry without heavy weapons support. Infantry combat performance in these fire-fights is therefore a key concern. It has been fashionable to discuss soldier combat performance in terms of ‘firers’, ‘non-firers’, and ‘posturers’, but we argue that other factors have a greater impact. We provide a detailed statistical analysis of a selection of combat factors, using combat data collected by the 1st Australian Task Force (1ATF) during the Vietnam War. An accepted measure of soldier lethality is the ‘shots per casualty’ ratio. Using this measure we are now able to describe the combat performance of the Australian infantry section in Vietnam in much greater detail than has hitherto been possible.     

Virtual War in the Ice Jungle: ‘We don't know how to do this’

The Cold War at sea expanded in many realms, including the frigid and treacherous waters of the Arctic Ocean. The US Navy pioneered these efforts with the visit of USS Nautilus to the North Pole in 1958. During the latter stages of the Cold War, however, Soviet naval strategists began to conceptualize the polar ice cap as a strategic asset for cloaking the operations of its nuclear missile submarines. As under-ice operations afforded the Soviet submarine fleet advantages of stealth, proximity to target and tighter lines of communications, both navies were forced to try to develop tactics for combat under these extremely complex and arduous conditions.     

海战中信息支援的影响分析

进入信息时代,信息成为作战取胜的第一要素,信息的作用与运行流程的掌握也就成为现代作战分析与决策的重要任务。以信息在作战应用中的特点进行分类为基础,建立了新的作战信息指标体系;想定了具体的典型海战对抗模式,通过构建基于信息支援的兰彻斯特方程模型,经作战仿真模拟,定量描述了在现代海战中信息支援能力的增强对作战能力的提升的显著程度;信息支援能力的提高使敌方损耗呈指数曲线上升。     

CEC网络—实现海上战斗兵力群战术协同作战的关键

在夺取制海权的作战中,海上战斗兵力群是最重要的。群内各兵力的战术协同是提高兵力群整体作战能力的关键,当然也是最难实现的。美国海军正加紧研制、试验和发展的战术协同作战网络,简称ＣＥＣ网络,极大地提高了由水面舰艇和飞机组成的兵力群战术协同作战能力,代表了兵力群战术协同作战的最高水平,将对海军的作战方法和样式产生重大影响。介绍了ＣＥＣ网络要实现的目的、组成、工作原理、特点、试验和发展情况     

The U.S. Navy's task forces: 1–199

ABSTRACT

Grouping warships for combat has evolved greatly over the centuries. In the early 1940s, the United States Navy began to group its warships for combat in much more flexible task forces than the previous single-type-of-warship formations. This system has evolved and spread to naval forces ashore but remains fundamentally unchanged. It now covers numbers between 1 to over 1000, of which the most prominent is the first 100 or so which U.S. Navy combat forces use. The numbered fleets worldwide utilize the series covering 20-79; 1-19 and 90-99 appear to be reserved for special allocations and Commander, Pacific Fleet; numbers over 80 to the Atlantic; 100-119 for Northern Europe and briefly Tenth Fleet; the 120 series for Second Fleet as a Joint Task Force leader; the 150 series for Naval Forces Central Command; and the 180 series for Atlantic Fleet and now-Fleet Forces Command.     

Optimizing the US Navy's combat logistics force

We study how changes to the composition and employment of the US Navy combat logistic force (CLF) influence our ability to supply our navy worldwide. The CLF consists of about 30 special transport ships that carry ship and aircraft fuel, ordnance, dry stores, and food, and deliver these to client combatant ships underway, making it possible for our naval forces to operate at sea for extended periods. We have modeled CLF operations to evaluate a number of transforming initiatives that simplify its operation while supporting an even larger number of client ships for a greater variety of missions. Our input is an employment schedule for navy battle groups of ships operating worldwide, extending over a planning horizon of 90–180 days. We show how we use optimization to advise how to sustain these ships. We have used this model to evaluate new CLF ship designs, advise what number of ships in a new ship class would be needed, test concepts for forward at‐sea logistics bases in lieu of conventional ports, demonstrate the effects of changes to operating policy, and generally try to show whether and how the CLF can support planned naval operations. Published 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 2008     

舰艇编队综合作战能力评估的模糊聚类分析

评估舰艇编队综合作战能力强弱的模糊聚类分析涉及编队对海作战能力、编队反潜作战能力、编队防空作战能力、编队电子战能力、编队指挥控制能力和编队战场适应能力等因素.以若干舰艇编队为研究对象,对因素指标进行标准量化.据标准化数据用指数相似系数法计算样本间的相似关系,最后根据各样本与基准样本相聚类或分离进行量化分析,判断各舰艇编队综合作战能力的强弱次序.     

基于OpenGL平台的虚拟海战场仿真

虚拟海战场仿真中,大规模动态海面的实时生成、各种作战平台的模拟是关键问题。基于海浪统计学模型,采用快速傅立叶逆变换、层次细节技术和与视点相关的可见性预判断技术,实时生成动态海面,依据蒲氏风级与浪高的对应关系,模拟不同等级海浪;采用3DM AX建模软件实现了舰艇、潜艇、飞机、导弹等作战平台的仿真;最后,采用粒子系统实现自然环境中的雾、雨、雪,以及舰船、飞机、导弹的尾迹的仿真。视觉效果较好。     

Scheduling with earliest start and due date constraints

We consider the scheduling of n tasks on a single resource. Each task becomes available for processing at time a_i, must be completed by time b_i, and requires d_i time units for processing. The aim is to find a schedule that minimizes the elapsed time to complete all jobs. We present solution algorithms for this problem when job splitting is permitted and when job splitting is not permitted. Then we consider several scheduling situations which arise in practice where these models may apply.