机载多传感器角度融合跟踪结构与算法

未来战机的作战环境要求机载多传感器数据融合系统在仅有角度测量信息情况下仍须具有稳定的目标跟踪能力.对机载多传感器的角度融合跟踪系统的结构和算法进行了研究,分别给出了两个传感器同步测量时的集中式状态估计算法和异步测量时不损信息量的混合式状态估计算法,即顺序滤波方法,并对相应算法进行了仿真验证.     

越肩发射火控系统的鲁棒性研究

越肩发射火控系统主要依赖机载告警设备获取后方飞机的信息.通过分析机载告警系统的误差模型,采取蒙特卡罗法对导弹命中概率进行模拟,给出了越肩发射导弹的命中概率等高线和命中概率曲面.仿真结果表明在告警设备对目标方位角测量存在误差时,越肩发射火控系统仍能保证在一定区域内以较高的概率命中目标,即输入存在干扰时,系统具有很好的鲁棒性.     

机载多目标攻击武器系统作战飞行程序设计

机载多目标攻击武器系统是当今航空武器系统研究的重点和发展的标志 ,其作战飞行程序设计是系统顶层设计的主要内容之一。综合了已有的研究成果 ,绘制了机载多目标攻击武器系统的功能逻辑流程图。在此基础上 ,采用模块化设计思想 ,进行了机载多目标攻击武器系统的作战飞行程序的组织结构设计 ,并阐述了基于表驱动和时间刻度管理的系统任务调度技术。     

目标对超宽带信号的雷达特性

雷达所解决的任何问题均可归结为被雷达目标散射的电磁场的某些特性,因此可把雷达看作是一种测量系统,要求用适当的数学模型对它进行分析,以及反映系统各组成部分之间的相互联系。 在讨论雷达特性时,应将目标的雷达特性定义成反映目标反射波和入射波参数关系的散射算子。我们把描述反射波和入射波间相互联系的所有特性或参数的总和称之为目标的雷达特性[77]。每个特性都是散射算子在信号参数空间的某一截面。 目标是雷达系统的一个独立单元,然而雷达特性的模拟方法却与振荡的参数和雷达     

飞机BIT与ATE的综合设计技术研究

测试性/机内测试(BIT)对现代武器装备特别是作战飞机的可用性有着重大的影响。具有良好测试性的系统和设备,可以及时、快速地发现并准确地隔离其存在的故障,提高系统的任务可靠性及安全性。随着航空技术不断发展,特别是具有综合化航空电子系统、数字电传操纵系统的飞机的出现,机载嵌入式计算机和电子设备的使用日益增多,功能更为复杂,导致对设备维修性、测试性要求越来越高。第三代飞机的电子系统和非电系统都采用了大量的机内测试(BIT)设计,外场的大量故障由B I T检测,大大减少了外场地面保障设备的数量,缩短了外场排除故障和维修时间,…     

三坐标雷达目标真实高度估计算法研究

在目标跟踪领域,通过三坐标雷达的测量值(斜距、仰角及方位角)来估算目标的真实高度一直是个难点。目前主要有两类处理方法:坐标转换法和等效地球半径法。前者把与雷达天线相关的三坐标测量值转换到大地坐标系统来计算目标高度;后者充分考虑地球曲率以及大气折射的特性,通过增加地球半径来估算目标的高度。最后对上述的两类方法进行总结、比较与分析。     

机载制导武器的武器-目标分配算法研究

机载制导武器的武器-目标分配算法是智能航空指控系统的一个基础研究问题。本文在建立了武器-目标分配的基本概念和对算法要求的基础上,提出了两种武器-目标分配算法;基于决策论的武器-目标分配算法和基于导弹截获区的武器-目标分配算法,并对基于导弹截获区的武器-目标分配算法进行了仿真实验。结果表明,此算法具有高透明性、有限消除最大威肋、杀伤概率最大、充分利用机载武器等特点。     

机载测角三维无源定位的建模与算法分析

在机载测角三维无源定位应用中 ,采用载机NED (North_East_Down)坐标系作为状态坐标系、选在此坐标系中的目标位置坐标作为状态变量建立状态方程 ,采用测量系统天线坐标系为测量坐标系建立测量方程 ,两个坐标系以载机姿态角相关联。本文在此坐标框架下 ,通过对三个定位模型和四个定位算法的分析和仿真比较 ,确定了更适合于机载测角三维无源定位应用的模型和算法。     

高功率UWB天线阵及其在外场探测中的应用

运用切割式巴仑实现高功率超宽带天线的平衡馈电,并用FDTD进行仿真分析。研制出2×4元高功率天线阵,测量结果显示该天线阵能耐250kV以上高压,工作带宽达6个倍频(200～12 000MHz),具有较好的脉冲波形保真性。利用所研制的天线阵列建立外场探测实验系统,在外场进行目标探测试验。结果表明该天线阵可以用于实际的超宽带雷达发射天线阵,为高功率源在雷达探测中的应用作出了初步探索。     

防务

<正>雷神公司完成AH-64"阿帕奇"机载高能激光武器试射试验《美国合众社》2017年6月26日报道,雷神公司联合美国陆军"阿帕奇"项目管理办公室、美国特种作战部队在新墨西哥白沙靶场(White Sand)进行了AH-64"阿帕奇"机载高能激光系统的飞行测试,试验中将一个多频带目标系统的变体与光电红外导引头和激光器耦合在一起,用于提供目标信息、态势感知和光束控制。     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Cyberpower in Strategic Affairs: Neither Unthinkable nor Blessed

Abstract

This article explores the effect of connectivity on strategic affairs. It argues that the effect on war's character is potentially, although not yet shown in practice, considerably large. Its effect upon the distribution of power among states in the international system is small, contrary to the claims of ‘cyberwar’ alarmists. All told, however, its effect upon strategic affairs is complex. On the one hand, it represents a significant advance in the ‘complexification’ of state strategies, understood in the sense of the production of intended effects. On the other hand, strategists today – still predominantly concerned with the conflicts and confrontations of states and organised military power – are generally missing the power which non-traditional strategic actors, better adapted to the network flows of the information age, are beginning to deploy. These new forms of organization and coercion will challenge the status quo.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.