运行和修复同时进行的固有可用度定时截尾试验方案

针对如何设计一个试验以完成检验系统固有可用度、平均故障间隔时间和平均修复时间等3个指标参数的问题,将试验分为同时进行的可靠性和维修性定时截尾试验2个项目,假设运行时间和修复时间均服从指数分布,且可靠性和维修性试验方案已知,提出了一种固有可用度定时截尾试验方案．该试验方案通过合理选择累积运行时间和累积修复时间,同时满足检验3个指标参数的承制方和使用方风险,可完成对3个指标参数的检验．     

利用分系统数据制定整机测试性验证试验方案

现有利用研制阶段试验数据制定测试性验证试验方案的方法都需要装备整机系统测试性先验信息,这对仅有分系统试验信息的大型复杂装备难以适用。针对这一问题,以故障检测率为验证指标,提出利用研制阶段分系统试验数据制定整机测试性验证试验方案的新方法。首先,利用分系统试验数据计算整机系统故障检测率置信下限,然后利用两点分位数方法确定整机故障检测率的先验分布参数,在此基础上根据贝叶斯最大后验风险准则确定了新的测试性验证试验方案。实例对比分析表明,与传统试验方案相比,新方案可明显降低试验故障样本量。     

操纵手考核成果的操纵手模型参数辨识

以半自动跟踪的人机系统为研究对象,从工程实际中提取了描述操纵手操控水平的指标集:静态灵敏度、平均超差度及平均超差频率指标,并依据这些指标的考核结果,构建了一种操纵手数学模型的辨识方法.最后由靶场试验数据辨识了相应的模型参数,从而验证了该方法的可行性.     

基于维修效果的退化装备更换维修决策研究

武器装备性能会随着工作时间和故障次数的不断增加而逐渐退化,装备故障发生的频率和维修难度也相应增加,维修成本不断加大,对于性能退化的装备需要选择合适的更换维修方案.提出了考虑维修效果的关于可用度和平均运行成本的更换维修决策模型,理论上分析了以最大化装备可用度和最小化装备平均运行成本为优化目标的更换决策,并通过实例仿真,验证了模型的有效性.     

轮式车辆装备保障力量战场运用系统

通过分析轮式车辆装备保障力量战场运用系统的总体功能、开发原则及其基本构成,建立起整个系统的逻辑结构图,包括保障模块数据库、保障模块匹配分系统以及数据映射分系统3个主要部分。在此基础上,采用数据库技术开发出一套较为完善的系统,实现了从保障参数录入到模块化保障力量编组方案生成的全部功能。最后进行了实例验证。     

基于EML模型的备件库存优化方法

针对当备件重要度不同时METRIC模型无法再使用边际效应法及在有限的保障经费和仓库空间约束条件下的备件库存问题,建立了评价备件重要度的12个指标,并给出了备件重要度的求解步骤;以装备可用度模型为基础,结合备件重要度,改进了边际效应法;以仓库空间、装备可用度为约束条件,以保障费用为目标函数,给出了以改进的边际效应法求出备件库存配置方案的步骤;案例研究表明:采用EML模型可以在最大化利用约束条件、满足目标要求、重点照顾重要度高的备件,同时对重要度一般的备件也能兼顾。     

地空导弹武器系统可用性评估

可用性评估是武器系统效能评估的重要内容之一,考虑地空导弹武器系统的实际使用情况,依据连续工作系统的可用度理论建立地面设备的可用度模型,根据所建立的导弹维修性模型,建立了导弹的储存可用度模型。根据地空导弹武器系统可靠性结构框图,对各分系统可用度进行综合得到武器系统的可用度。分析了导弹储存检测周期、平均维修时间、储存可用度等因素对武器系统可用度的影响。算例证明了模型的合理性和有效性。     

美军轻型侦察车试验方法

美军轻型侦察车是网络中心战装备的重要组成部分,其试验属于网络革新和试验中心开展的网络试验一部分。试验主要分为三个阶段进行,试验过程紧密结合试验想定内容,分别对组成单元、分系统的技术性能进行测试评估,同时验证战术使用效果。美军网络战装备系统试验思路,是一种可以借鉴的理论方法。     

面向任务的导弹测试性需求分析与指标确定

针对当前缺乏科学合理的理论和方法确定导弹系统级测试性指标的现状,提出一种面向任务需求的测试性指标确定方法.将导弹任务剖面划分为贮存、出库、部署和发射四个阶段,并提出各个阶段相应的测试需求;分别建立基于贮存可用度、战斗准备任务成功率、部署战备完好率和发射任务成功率为性能要求的测试性需求子模型,给出各个性能指标与测试性参数...     

卫星制导炸弹控制系统计算机仿真

根据制导炸弹控制飞行过程与各个分系统的特性,描述了"惯性/卫星"制导炸弹的工作过程,建立了合理的数学模型,并且通过Matlab/Simulink中嵌入S函数法,设计了一种效率高、建模简单、实现方便的计算机仿真方法.最后,以某型制导炸弹的计算参数为例进行仿真,详细分析了制导炸弹飞行过程中控制系统的工作情况,检验了系统动静态特性,验证了制导炸弹控制器参数设计的合理性;并采用蒙特卡洛法,提出了一种置信度较高的全弹系统的精度打靶仿真方法,以配合小子样飞行试验对系统性能进行评定.为进一步的半实物仿真和全实物飞行试验提供了一些有价值的依据.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

The UK,interrogation and Iraq, 2003–2008

The UK’s interrogation operations during the conflict in Iraq (2003–2008) are often portrayed by the media as involving significant amounts of mistreatment. This article demonstrates that these practices are not necessarily representative of the UK’s interrogation operations across this conflict. In doing so it contributes to the limited literature on the practice of interrogation and on the UK’s combat operations in Iraq. The UK’s interrogation capability, and therefore its intelligence-gathering capability, is shown to have rested primarily with the military’s Joint Forward Interrogation Team (JFIT). The JFIT suffered from limitations to the number, training and experience of its interrogators and interpreters. It is argued that maintaining a permanent, higher level of preparedness for interrogation by the British armed forces is desirable.     

Remembering and forgetting Mirambo: Histories of war in modern Africa

ABSTRACT

While the study of organised violence is considered essential to understanding the history of the West, and accordingly imbued with various layers of meaning and remembrance, war is widely regarded as inimical to the modern nation in Africa and stable development more broadly. Using examples drawn from primarily from East Africa, this paper considers the ways in which warfare in the deeper (‘precolonial’) past has been framed and envisioned in recent decades, in particular by governments whose own roots lie in revolutionary armed struggle and who began life as guerrilla movements. While in some cases particular elements of the deeper past were indeed mobilised in pursuit of contemporary political goals, in many other scenarios histories of precolonial violence were beheld as problematic and unworthy of remembrance. This paper highlights the paradox and ambiguity which has attended the memory of key aspects of Africa’s deeper past.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

SIM—LISP:一个通信网络管理专家系统外壳的设计与实现

本文介绍了笔者为开发名为OONMES的网络管理专家系统所实现的一个简单专家系统工具SIM-LISP。SIM-LISP是一个用C/C++语言来实现的模拟LISP语言的可调用函数集,它短小精巧,速度快,可以完成针对网管专家系统的事实或规则知识的表示、匹配、合一和推理等基本操作,并有与知识对象的连接功能,是网管专家系统内核实现的支撑环境。     

Al Qaida on the US invasion of Afghanistan in their own words

This article consists of selected translations from captured interviews and dairies of Al Qaida members. The time period covered is from mid-2001 to early 2002 and concerns their operations in Afghanistan. The material clearly conveys a range of emotion, from confident to despondent, as well as efforts to contest the US actions. The first several pages give the reader context and some possible “lessons learned,” but the story(ies) are best told by the Al Qaida members themselves. All names are pseudonyms.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.