电液压脉冲净化饮用水及处理工业废水的机理

饮用水净化和难处理工业废水的治理是目前水处理的一项重要课题。运用电液压脉冲技术，设计了一台水处理实验装置，对饮用水和工业废水进行电液压脉冲放电处理，获得了温度高达20000－40000K、能量密度为10^9J/m^3的等离子通道^[1]，具有极强的灭菌和降解废水中有机污染物的能力。简要介绍了电液压脉冲水处理装置的工作原理，对电液压脉冲净化饮用水及难处理工业废水的机理进行了较深入的探讨。     

如何理解推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化简

党的十八届三中全会确立了我国全面深化改革的总目标是完善和发展中国特色社会主义制度,推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化。这是三中全会的一大亮点,意义十分重大。如何理解国家治理体系和治理能力及其现代化？在此作一概要阐述,供大家参考。     

情报大数据治理框架研究

本文从情报处理的发展和演变着手,面向当前大数据技术飞速发展和情报数据量呈爆炸式增长的趋势,介绍了大数据治理的概念和本文对于大数据治理的理解,并进一步针对数据治理和数据清洗内涵的不同进行了区别说明。此外,还梳理了当前各国在大数据治理和大数据开发方面的现状,对我国在大数据治理方面的政策环境和技术发展情况进行了概括。本研究针对情报大数据的特点,分析了大数据治理对于情报数据发挥作用的重要性;针对情报大数据在数据治理方面面临的问题,分析了情报大数据治理的需求;在情报大数据治理框架方面,构建了由人员组织机构、治理机制、形成的能力、治理策略等方面组成的情报大数据治理模型;对情报大数据管理生命周期内的治理内容进行了描述;最后对情报大数据治理的前景进行了简单展望。     

我国城乡消防安全治理保障机制研究——以京津冀区域城乡一体化为视角

城乡消防安全的治理是我国公共安全管理的棘手问题之一。立足京津冀区域城乡一体化视角,解析京津冀城乡消防安全治理面临的诸多挑战,进而提出通过法治、财政、基础设施、安全力量、消防服务社会化五维度构建治理保障机制的设想,希冀为我国城乡消防安全治理理论与实务的研究抛砖引玉,从而进一步促进区域乃至全社会安全稳定。     

试论公司法人治理结构

建立现代企业制度,进行公司制度改革是我国国有企业改革的总方向。公司制的核心就是要建立完善的公司法人治理结构。我国不少国有企业已转为公司制企业,但由于法人治理结构不健全,致使企业经营机制没有根本转变。本文重点谈谈如何在我国公司制企业中,建立起真正的法人治理结构,形成激励和制约相结合的机制。     

网络治理视角下的军民融合式装备研制生产治理结构和机制研究

针对当前我国军民融合式装备科研生产网络已初步形成,但竞争性装备科研生产仍然存在范围比较窄、程度不够深及效果难如愿的现状,引入了网络治理理论对当前军民融合式装备研制生产网络进行分析;在阐述网络参与利益主体作用发挥的基础上,构建了军民融合式装备研制生产的网络治理结构,并提出了与其相配套的治理机制。     

创新社会治理体制对推动和谐社会建设的新意义

党的十八届三中全会提出“创新社会治理体制”的改革目标,对于在新形势下推动中国特色社会主义和谐社会建设,具有重要的创新意义。从理论发展完善上讲,创新社会治理体制是我国社会建设实现多元化民主治理理念的重大转变;从社会现实需要上讲,创新社会治理体制是抓住时机有效应对当前社会现实矛盾的有力推手;从制度体系建设上讲,创新社会治理体制是与社会主义市场经济体制配套协同的重大举措。     

吸油树脂对硝基苯吸收性能的研究

考察了两种吸油树脂对硝基苯的吸收能力,并利用分光光度法等手段研究其对含硝基苯工业废水的净化能力。结果表明:对硝基苯而言,2号树脂的吸收性能优于1号,其最大吸油率和最大吸油时间分别为8.4g/g和20min。对含硝基苯工业废水而言,吸附60min后,1号树脂和2号树脂的净化率分别达到85.8%和95.2%;0~20min内,1号树脂和2号树脂的平均净化速率分别为2.30%/min和2.09%/min;20~60min内,平均净化速率分别为0.97%/min和1.33%/min。     

数字化转型中的数据治理体系建设

数据治理是数字化转型的重要挑战,而数据治理体系的建设是数据治理的关键。本文从数据治理的主要挑战入手,分析了数据治理的框架、过程和评估,给出了数据治理体系建设的总体框图。     

影响现代大学治理的教育政策环境分析

政策环境是政浆活动的平台,当环境发生变化时,就会对决茕系统产生一定的刺激作用。大学作为社会大系统中的一个子系统,其治理必然会受到政治、经济、文化等相关数育政策环境因素的影响。其中,社会政治民主化、市场经济的开放多元化,大学内部文化力量的渗透以及西方大学治理理念的影响,对我国现代大学治理的调适性转变和发展有着深远的意义。     

高压脉冲放电等离子体及臭氧技术处理垃圾渗滤液

介绍了一种将高压脉冲放电产生的多种效应与臭氧紧密结合的废水处理技术，并将此技术应用于垃圾渗滤液的处理。实验表明，用高压脉冲放电等离子体及臭氧技术处理垃圾渗滤液30min，其生化性可达48．9％，氨氮去除率为71．1％，这为渗滤液的后续生物处理奠定了良好的基础。同时，总结了在垃圾渗滤液处理过程中各种成分及其生化性随放电时间的变化规律，分析了高压脉冲放电等离子体及臭氧技术处理垃圾渗滤液的机理和影响因素。     

基于高压脉冲等离子体技术的TNT废水处理研究

针对报废弹药处理过程中产生的TNT废水毒性大、处理难的特点,分析TNT废水的特性和当前处理方法现状,提出基于高压脉冲等离子体技术的TNT废水处理方法;分析脉冲等离子体对废水的处理降解机理,给出双向窄脉冲电源和气液固三相反应器的设计方案．研究表明,利用脉冲放电等离子体技术可提高TNT废水的处理效率,有效解决报废弹药TNT废水处理难题．     

A guarantee rate optimization model for wastewater treatment system design under uncertainty

We consider a design problem for wastewater treatment systems that considers uncertainty in pollutant concentration levels at water sources. The goal is to optimize the selection of treatment technologies and pipeline connections, so that treated wastewater can achieve specified effluents discharge limits as well as possible. We propose a new two-stage model to optimize a set of guarantee levels, that is, the maximum concentration level of source pollutants for which treated wastewater can be compliant with discharge limits. In the first stage, treatment technologies and pipeline connections are selected. In the second stage, when pollutant concentration levels are revealed, wastewater distribution and mixing are determined. A key attractiveness of the proposed guarantee rate optimization model is that it can be simplified into a single-stage mixed-integer linear program. In our numerical experiments based on real-world pollutants data, the guarantee rate model demonstrates its advantages in terms of computational efficiency, scalability and solution quality, compared with the standard probability maximization model. Finally, the methodology proposed in this paper can also be applied to other two-stage problems under uncertainty with similar uncertainty characteristics.     

军民融合创新示范区产业集聚问题与对策

军民融合创新示范区是军民融合产业发展的重要载体,推动军民融合创新示范区产业集聚发展是军民融合深度发展的必然要求,也是建设现代产业体系的重要抓手。本文通过总结梳理军民融合产业集聚发展的历史演变,分析当前军民融合创新示范区产业集聚现状及发展中存在的主要问题,并提出加强产业集聚发展的对策建议。     

The impact of defence expenditures on Arab industrial development

The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of military expenditures in affecting the pattern of Arab industrial development. In doing so, it attempts to determine whether military expenditures have stimulated increased levels of industrial output, or whether, through diverting resources away from industrial activity, they have depressed the expansion of the region's industrial diversification.

By the use of factor and regression analysis, the main finding of the study is that defence expenditures in the Arab world have been somewhat neutral in impacting on industrial output. In contrast, the study found that non‐defence expenditures have tended to retard the region's industrial diversification efforts.

These findings suggest that analysis of the relative skill intensities of civilian and defence expenditures might be a fruitful area for further research into the process of Arab industrialization.     

Defence industrial policy – a sound security strategy or an economic fallacy?

This article explores whether it makes sense for national governments to employ defence industrial policies – such as offsets and discriminatory procurement practices – to support their domestic defence industries. This question has so far primarily been discussed by economists, who have argued strongly against the use of defence industrial policies. This article maintains that these economists fail to address the often complex motivation behind the introduction of these policies. It illustrates these shortcomings by contrasting their arguments against a case study of Norway, which accounts for the country’s use of defence industrial polices from the early post-Second World War era up until today. The article concludes that, depending on their objectives, defence industrial policies can be seen as either a sound security strategy or an economic fallacy.     

Country survey IX: Spain

From the early 1980s Spain embarked on a wide‐ranging process of military reform, from organisational changes to defence industrial policies. Investment in military equipment was set to grow, policies were drawn up to foster the domestic defence industrial base, defence R&D rocketed, and Spain joined a myriad of international arms development programmes. Yet, by 1991 the process of reform had run out of steam. Expenditure planning proved unreliable, and firms suffered from sharp cutbacks in procurement expenditure. The model of defence industrial growth sketched in the mid‐1980s had floundered. The Spanish case provides an example of how the quest to maximise defence procurement from domestic sources can fall victim to industrial and budgetary constraints. Spanish defence producers are now becoming increasingly intertwined with foreign defence companies.     

军民融合产业创新集群的形成

在军民融合发展战略与创新驱动发展战略深入推进进程中,军民融合产业创新集群成为军民融合产业发展的重要创新形式,其形成问题研究更是对其发展与演化具有重要影响。以军民融合产业创新集群的内涵着手,通过刺激—反应模型与演化博弈模型,分析其形成过程与促进措施。研究表明,军民融合产业创新集群作为复杂适应系统,创新主体的适应性能力及其内在关系是集群形成的关键所在;为使合作创新行为成为演化博弈的稳定策略,从合作创新能力系数和合作创新成本、拥有的创新资源以及政府资金支持三个方面剖析集群形成的促进作用,对军民融合产业创新集群的发展与演化研究奠定基础。     

‘I have seen the future and it works’: The US defence industry transformation – lessons for the UK defence industrial base

The US has embarked upon a major transformation of its approach to defence industrial base planning. Although bureaucratic and industrial inertia, as well as budgetary constraints, may delay transformation, its effects will lead to radical changes in the US defence industrial base with new entrants and new combinations of players. The UK, with more modest defence ambitions, capabilities and budget, will seek to keep in touch with the US. However, a commercially‐led drive to embed UK industry even more deeply in the US defence market could be the last step in creating a largely US–UK North Atlantic relationship, with much of Europe very much a subsidiary business concern. This contains a risk that the UK will become increasingly dependent on the US for design and integration of major systems and national defence industrial capability focused on a limited number of niche technologies.     

Remaking the military industrial relationship: A French‐American comparison

Defense industrial complexes in leading Cold War nations have downsized and reallocated resources to other productive activities in the 1990s. In this paper, we analyze the experience of two key countries ‐ the US and France. Comparing the two countries, we find similar outcomes in budgetary retrenchment and large firm restructuring but marked differences in the pace of downsizing and diversification among small and medium‐sized firms. We hypothesize that three sets of contextual differences may explain these differences: 1) institutional differences in the way that the State bureaucracies ‐ the Pentagon and the French Délégation générale pour l'armement (DGA) ‐ oversee defense industrial matters, 2) differences in military industry ownership and firm size patterns, and 3) differences in the regional distribution of defense industrial capacity and associated regional policies. In closing, we note that the two countries’ defense industrial complexes are becoming more alike and speculate on the significance of invidious competition and interactions between them. We address briefly the future of French/American arms industrial competition and cooperation, given the trend towards transnational security arrangements and defense industry globalization