基于模拟退火算法的电子侦察卫星任务规划问题研究

在分析电子侦察卫星的工作原理及其所担负的使命任务的基础上,首先给出了电子侦察卫星任务规划的基本过程;然后在明确电子侦察卫星任务规划问题的基本输入输出和一些基本假定的基础上,建立电子侦察卫星静态任务规划的混合整数规划模型;最后提出了一种解决电子侦察卫星任务规划问题的模拟退火算法(simulated annealing,SA)。实验结果表明:该算法有效地解决了针对固定目标的电子侦察卫星任务规划问题。     

卫星对地观测任务全周期规划模型

为解决应急条件下卫星对地观测任务时间紧迫的问题,从卫星执行对地观测任务的全过程出发,提出了卫星对地观测任务全周期规划模型,综合考虑卫星完成任务的各个阶段,缩短整个任务的执行时间,使其满足应急条件下的时间需求。采用启发式算法求解,并研究了基于冲突队列的解的调整优化策略。实验验证所提的模型和算法能够较好地解决卫星对地观测任务规划问题,在时间紧迫的条件下与传统的各阶段的独立任务规划相比,能够提高任务的完成率,具有实际的应用价值。     

光学成像侦察卫星作战效能分析

为支持航天装备体系作战效能评估,建立了光学成像侦察卫星性能指标与卫星发现目标概率和定位精度的关系以及信息处理与传递模型.以支持导弹打击大型移动目标为例,以命中目标概率为作战效能指标,建立了光学成像侦察卫星作战效能模型.对模型进行了仿真,分析了影响卫星作战效能的主要因素.仿真结果表明所建模型能够合理反映光学成像侦察卫星对作战结果的影响,可用于从顶层分析航天装备.     

光学成像侦察卫星威胁评估方法

未来作战中地面部队将面临越来越多来自空间的威胁,其中最突出的是侦察卫星威胁。以光学成像侦察卫星为例,进行了卫星威胁评估方法研究。首先探讨了卫星图像品质评价方法和影响因素,建立了侦察卫星对地面目标的检测概率模型,并引入光照、气象、对比度影响因子对检测概率进行修正。在此基础上考虑军事任务需求建立了针对目标尺寸已知情况下的威胁度计算模型,进一步按照目标大小划分威胁等级,给出了卫星威胁等级评价方法,所得到的威胁等级指标可为军事行动提供参考。最后给出了光学侦察卫星威胁评估应用实例。     

基于MOEO的电子侦察卫星多目标规划方法

分析了电子侦察卫星任务规划问题的内涵,基于合理假设建立了问题的多目标规划模型;设计了一种基于MOEO(Multi-objective Extremal Optimization)的多目标极值优化算法对模型进行求解,提出了一种针对电子侦察卫星规划问题的随机交换变异算子对解空间进行搜索;同时,为防止Pareto近似最优解的...     

光学侦察卫星对地机动目标侦察性能的评估北大核心

建立了基于改进Johnson判则的光学成像侦察卫星对地面机动目标检测概率模型。模型针对机动目标位置变化、运动速度与方向随机性等特点,提出了一种基于高斯分布的目标转移概率密度函数,用以评估卫星搜寻到目标的概率,将原适用于静态目标检测概率计算的Johnson判则,用于机动目标。通过Matlab/STK联合仿真,验证卫星对机动目标的覆盖情况和发现、识别和确认目标的概率性能。模型以发现、识别和确认目标的概率来描述光学成像侦察卫星对地面机动目标的侦察性能,卫星对地面机动目标的侦察性能可以作为规划机动目标行动方案的依据,有助于机动目标规避侦察。     

光学侦察卫星对地机动目标侦察性能的评估

建立了基于改进Johnson判则的光学成像侦察卫星对地面机动目标检测概率模型。模型针对机动目标位置变化、运动速度与方向随机性等特点,提出了一种基于高斯分布的目标转移概率密度函数,用以评估卫星搜寻到目标的概率,将原适用于静态目标检测概率计算的Johnson判则,用于机动目标。通过Matlab/STK联合仿真,验证卫星对机动目标的覆盖情况和发现、识别和确认目标的概率性能。模型以发现、识别和确认目标的概率来描述光学成像侦察卫星对地面机动目标的侦察性能,卫星对地面机动目标的侦察性能可以作为规划机动目标行动方案的依据,有助于机动目标规避侦察。     

敏捷卫星任务规划问题研究现状与展望

任务规划是敏捷卫星执行对地观测任务的有效支撑和重要保证,为深刻理解和准确把握敏捷卫星任务规划研究中的关键问题,对国内外相关研究进行了总结分析,并对下一步研究进行展望。首先阐述了敏捷卫星任务规划问题的描述要素、分类方法和求解难点,然后从点目标、区域目标、立体成像、长条带目标4个方面梳理了敏捷卫星任务规划的研究进展;最后分析了目前研究中存在的成像模式研究较少、规划模型不完善、评价方法单一等问题,并结合发展需求,提出需要从多种成像模式下的任务规划、敏捷卫星组网协同和自主任务规划、高效的求解算法等方面展开进一步研究。     

一种航天侦察任务-资源匹配的负载均衡方法

当前航天侦察任务预处理方法一般仅从任务需求的角度考虑资源分配问题,容易导致负载不均衡,对此提出了一种综合考虑任务需求与资源负载的任务-资源匹配方法.分析了资源负载均衡需要考虑的任务要素以及相应的描述方法,提出用任务执行概率度量卫星资源负载状况,基于任务流模型给出了单任务执行概率的估算公式,并给出了一种简易的多任务执行概...     

元任务插入的多星成像侦察任务聚类启发式算法

在多颗卫星协同执行侦察任务时,多星成像侦察任务聚类能够提高多颗卫星的整体侦察效率。根据卫星成像侦察元任务之间的聚类关系及约束条件,建立了数学规划模型,并提出了模型求解的基于元任务插入的启发式聚类算法,最后结合实例验证了算法的有效性。     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

The UK,interrogation and Iraq, 2003–2008

The UK’s interrogation operations during the conflict in Iraq (2003–2008) are often portrayed by the media as involving significant amounts of mistreatment. This article demonstrates that these practices are not necessarily representative of the UK’s interrogation operations across this conflict. In doing so it contributes to the limited literature on the practice of interrogation and on the UK’s combat operations in Iraq. The UK’s interrogation capability, and therefore its intelligence-gathering capability, is shown to have rested primarily with the military’s Joint Forward Interrogation Team (JFIT). The JFIT suffered from limitations to the number, training and experience of its interrogators and interpreters. It is argued that maintaining a permanent, higher level of preparedness for interrogation by the British armed forces is desirable.     

Remembering and forgetting Mirambo: Histories of war in modern Africa

ABSTRACT

While the study of organised violence is considered essential to understanding the history of the West, and accordingly imbued with various layers of meaning and remembrance, war is widely regarded as inimical to the modern nation in Africa and stable development more broadly. Using examples drawn from primarily from East Africa, this paper considers the ways in which warfare in the deeper (‘precolonial’) past has been framed and envisioned in recent decades, in particular by governments whose own roots lie in revolutionary armed struggle and who began life as guerrilla movements. While in some cases particular elements of the deeper past were indeed mobilised in pursuit of contemporary political goals, in many other scenarios histories of precolonial violence were beheld as problematic and unworthy of remembrance. This paper highlights the paradox and ambiguity which has attended the memory of key aspects of Africa’s deeper past.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

SIM—LISP:一个通信网络管理专家系统外壳的设计与实现

本文介绍了笔者为开发名为OONMES的网络管理专家系统所实现的一个简单专家系统工具SIM-LISP。SIM-LISP是一个用C/C++语言来实现的模拟LISP语言的可调用函数集,它短小精巧,速度快,可以完成针对网管专家系统的事实或规则知识的表示、匹配、合一和推理等基本操作,并有与知识对象的连接功能,是网管专家系统内核实现的支撑环境。     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

Al Qaida on the US invasion of Afghanistan in their own words

This article consists of selected translations from captured interviews and dairies of Al Qaida members. The time period covered is from mid-2001 to early 2002 and concerns their operations in Afghanistan. The material clearly conveys a range of emotion, from confident to despondent, as well as efforts to contest the US actions. The first several pages give the reader context and some possible “lessons learned,” but the story(ies) are best told by the Al Qaida members themselves. All names are pseudonyms.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.