战场电磁环境可视化研究

对电磁空间的信息争夺是敌我双方争夺"信息优势"的主要战场。战场电磁环境的透明化及其作战研究是一个急需解决的问题。从作战指挥需要出发,提出了战场电磁环境可视化系统的设计原则及应满足的具体要求,列举了实现电磁环境可视化的几个基本要素,最后,对电磁环境可视化的技术实现做了详细介绍。     

美军电磁频谱作战发展分析及启示

电磁频谱作为一种横跨陆、海、空、天等多个作战域的战略资源,在现代战争中的重要地位日渐凸显,世界主要军事强国都加强了电磁频谱领域作战能力的建设。近年来,美军在电磁频谱领域采取了多项措施,以构建更强大的电磁频谱作战能力,重塑其在大国竞争中的电磁频谱优势。梳理美军电磁频谱作战概念的发展演变,剖析美军电磁频谱作战的概念内涵,从政策法规、组织编制、指挥控制、装备技术、实战训练等方面分析美军电磁频谱作战建设发展举措。结合实际,从加强顶层设计、调整编制结构、优化指挥体系、研发新型装备、强化实战训练等方面得出电磁频谱作战建设发展相关启示,为电磁频谱作战的建设发展提供参考。     

美国海军电磁导轨炮样机试验

法新社2010年12月10日在华盛顿报道,美国海军在海军水面作战中心达尔格林试验室的电磁导轨炮样机试验中,炮口动能达到了33兆焦耳,创下了最新记录,是2008年1月进行试验炮口动能     

战场电磁态势及其转换

本文根据作战和指挥过程,将战场电磁态势划分为初始电磁态势、中间电磁态势和目标电磁态势;电子对抗作战指挥过程就是获取初始电磁态势信息、构想出目标电磁态势、决策并形成中间电磁态势、通过控制部队最终实现目标电磁态势的过程;电子对抗作战过程就是完成由初始电磁态势经中间电磁态势向目标电磁态势转化的过程。     

由蓝水走向内陆——美国海军重建江河作战部队

据美国《国防》杂志2007年1月报道,美国海军未来将在伊拉克率先部署3个江河作战中队,用于替代在伊港口和内陆水域执行作战任务的海军陆战队,这也是时隔35年之后,美国海军再次启用越战后"尘封已久"的江河作战部队,以强化其浅水作战能力。此次美国海军江河作战部队的组建,标志着美国海军在保持蓝水作战能力的同时,其作战范围已经开始向沿海、港口、江河等内陆水域延伸,因此美国海军"登陆"的举动引起了世人的高度关注。     

美国海军未来海上“天眼” FIRE-X无人直升机

随着美国海军海上任务的不断拓展及作战能力的提升,现役P-3C"猎户座"有人侦察机已经不能有效满足作战需求,且己定于2020年退出现役。未来,美国海军的情报侦察与监视及部分海上打击任务将由无人侦察机承担。目前,配备了MQ-4"全球鹰"无人机的"广域海上无人监视系统"及MQ-8B"火力侦察兵"无人机系统已投入实战,而Fire-X无人直升机凭借其独特的优势在未来也将成为美国海军海上侦察与监视的重要力量。     

战场电磁频谱实时管理问题研究

高技术条件下的作战,参战力量多元,各种各样的电子信息作战装备同时应用于战场,加之敌方对我进行激烈的电磁干扰以及民用电磁设施的影响,使得战场电磁环境极其复杂,可用频谱资源十分有限.在这种情况下,只有加强战场电磁频谱实时管理才能充分、合理地利用电磁频谱,达成最佳作战目的.本文正是基于对战场电磁频谱实时管理这一重要问题,提出一些新的想法,对未来作战中进行战场电磁频谱实时管理有很大指导意义.     

复杂电磁环境下作战仿真系统指挥控制体系建模

复杂电磁环境是信息化战争的重要特征,指挥控制体系是作战体系的"中枢".提出基于信息衍化的复杂电磁环境下作战仿真系统指挥控制体系的建模方法,研究了复杂电磁环境下作战仿真系统的模型体系分析了指挥控制体系的关系,建立了初步的指挥控制体质模型.为复杂电磁环境下作战体系建模与仿真打下一定的理论与模型基础.     

海军电子战纵览与展望

21世纪,在军事领域,电子信息技术已广泛渗透到各种作战装备和作战行动当中,战争形态正在发生前所未有的深刻变革。电磁空间中的电子战形成了信息化战场上以夺取制电磁权进而夺取制信息权的"无形战场",并深刻地影响着以火力战为主的"有形战线"的作战效能,成为战斗力的倍增器。未来战争中对电磁优势的争夺将成为交战双方争夺的制高点,制信息权已成为战争能否取得胜利的关键。如今,海军电子战所涵盖的范围包括海军雷达电子战、通信电子战、水声电子战、光电电子战以及海军遥控、遥测和导航电子战等。纵观海军电子战的发展轨迹以及展望未来发展趋势,将给我们许多有益的启示。     

解析美海军先进后勤运输舰项目

在近几年的局部战争中,美国海军的濒海作战能力在一定程度上得到了战争的检验。随着美国海军越来越强调全球一体化作战,如何进一步提高美国海军的濒海作战能力,其中必不可少的重要环节就是提升后勤保障能力。因此,为适应美海军濒海作战小部队分布式作战后勤保障的需求,美水面作战中心设计研制了一种新的"先进后勤运输舰",并将其作为"先进后勤保障系统"的重要组成部分。本文将对该型舰进行详细介绍。     

Being there: US Navy organisational culture and the forward presence debate

ABSTRACT

This article argues that the US Navy’s roles (which have historically been bifurcated between warfighting and political use of force) manifest in its organisational culture as two different concepts of war: the US Navy as diplomatic actor and the US Navy as warfighting force. The conflict between these different concepts of war can be seen in the current debate about the definition and function of presence. The debate about presence is not just theoretical, but represents a deep and enduring conflict within the Navy as an organisation about its concept of war. Since the end of WWII, the Navy has been designing its fleet architecture according to a Mahanian concept of war, despite the preponderance of non-lethal missions and activities. The result is a mismatch between platforms and tasks.     

From rivals to partners: AirSea Battle and the US air force–navy relationship

AirSea Battle (ASB) has generated significant publicity, controversy, and debate among scholars, analysts, commentators, and observers of US defense strategy. However, a research gap exists concerning formal analysis of the impact of the operational concept on the relationship between the US Air Force (USAF) and the US Navy (USN). The impact of the ASB operational concept on the USAF–USN relationship is examined across the issue areas of strategy, budgets, weapons procurement, and training. These four issue areas represent important areas of historical conflict and competition between the Air Force and Navy. The conclusion is that ASB is ushering in a new era of Air Force–Navy partnership that advances the inter-service dynamic from “jointness” toward integration. The emergent USAF–USN partnership therefore represents a significant development in US defense politics and defense strategy.     

美国电磁轨道发射技术现状及特点分析

以电磁轨道炮为主,介绍美国陆、海军电磁轨道发射技术的发展历程及阶段性研究成果、发展目标与未来规划、研究机构及相关研究方向、潜在应用领域以及近期电磁轨道炮的主要战术技术指标,并对其关键技术特点进行了分析。     

Workplace goals and output quality: evidence from time-constrained recruiting goals in the US navy

This paper examines how workplace goals affect the quality of worker output, using data from the recruiting command of the US Navy. Recruiting stations and recruiters are assigned monthly goals for the quantity of new recruits that may create an unintended incentive to sacrifice quality, especially towards the end of the month. Using data on the universe of Navy recruits from FY1998 to 2010, we find significant reductions in the quality of recruits towards the end of the contracting month, both in terms of pre-existing quality of recruits and in medium-term outcomes that reflect the quality of the job match.     

Russian Reactions to Reagan's ‘Maritime Strategy’

The US Navy's audacious Maritime Strategy of the 1980s is often credited with acting as a key catalyst to the demise of the USSR. In assessing the role of strategic missile submarine “bastions” in the country's overall military strategy, the authors are skeptical of the above thesis, explaining that Moscow actually viewed deployments of Tomahawk land-attack cruise missiles on to US submarines (versus direct threats against the Soviet Navy itself) as the most alarming threat. The authors concede that the arms race played a role in the collapse of the USSR, but deny a direct connection with Soviet naval development citing the relatively minor naval proportion of overall defense spending. For the difficulties facing the fleet at the end of the Cold War, they instead blame deep systemic problems internal to the Soviet Navy.     

Gorshkov's Gambit

This article is a portrait of Admiral Sergei Gorshkov, commander of the Soviet Navy for almost three decades, from 1956–85. The author, a retired US Navy admiral with a Harvard PhD in Russian studies who served as both defense and naval attaché in Moscow, draws on numerous face-to-face interactions with Gorshkov. He also explores Gorshkov's memoirs that were published recently in Russia but have not appeared in an English translation. The paper is not only a first-hand account of an important historical figure, but also a window into the world of military-to-military diplomacy and intelligence during the Cold War.     

美“海军一体化火力控制--制空”能力发展现状与启示

美“海军一体化火力控制－制空”（ NIFC－CA）是美军海上盾牌防御体系概念的重要组成部分。该体系经过多年的发展已初见成效。首先，对美“海军一体化火力控制———制空”的基本概念及内涵进行了阐述，对其主要组成CEC、E－2D预警机、宙斯盾系统及标准－6舰空导弹在防御体系中的功能进行了分析；然后，介绍了美NIFC－CA的6种主要指挥控制模式，并对其协同指挥决策模式进行了分析，得出了指挥决策分布处理的特点；最后，总结了美NIFC－CA发展对我海军海上防御力量发展建设的启示。     

The Royal Navy's Polaris lobby, 1955–62

This article examines the background to the Royal Navy's acquisition of Polaris. The conventional wisdom is that the Navy had little interest in Polaris, which was foisted on it upon the cancellation of Skybolt. Extensive use of files in the Public Record Office is made to mount the contrary argument, that the Admiralty had been interested in the submarine-launched ballistic missile since at least 1955, that there was widespread support for it among the Naval Staff, that a substantial amount of preparatory work was undertaken with the assistance of the US Navy, and that the naval staff were prepared to accept the deterrent role. Naval tactics – to play a waiting game and feign indifference – have contributed to the establishment of the orthodox interpretation, as has the view that the Navy was handicapped by the lack of a body of doctrine within which the deterrent role could be accommodated. The article shows that the orthodox account cannot be sustained by the evidence, which points to a naval triumph in terms of Whitehall politics and inter-service competition.     

Noncognitive skills and job match: evidence from military applicants

The study examines the effect of noncognitive skills on early career choices among young job seekers. Specifically, we analyze the influence of personality traits on the decision by military applicants either to choose the military or a civilian career option. We use a unique micro-level data-set of applicants to the US Navy and exploit the fact that many individuals who initially apply for military jobs eventually choose civilian careers instead. In this institutional setting, job candidates use new information to update their beliefs about the military job match. Personality traits are viewed as productive abilities that influence applicants’ expectations about the economic return to the job and occupational training offered by the Navy. The study finds that many of the 15 lower order personality facets associated with the Big Five traits are predictive of applicants’ job choices and provides suggestive evidence of a link between personality traits, job match expectations, and career choice.