垂向冲击作用下金字塔点阵夹芯单元结构失效分析

为研究金字塔点阵夹芯结构在垂向冲击载荷作用下的动态力学性能,通过对其中一个单元结构在垂向压力作用下的受力和失效模式分析,同时考虑应变强化和应变率影响,建立了结构失效应力计算方法。为验证该计算方法,开展了落锤冲击试验,同时利用高速摄影机记录模型的响应过程,测量了模型垂向压缩的等效应力-应变关系。试验结果表明:结构失效模式与理论分析吻合,结构失效应力与理论计算相差不大。该研究结果可为金字塔点阵夹芯结构冲击吸能理论研究和数值仿真研究提供参考。     

低速大质量球头弹冲击下薄板塑性动力响应分析

为研究半穿甲导弹冲击下舷侧结构抗侵彻性能及机理,探讨舷侧抗半穿甲导弹侵彻结构设计,假设低速大质量球头弹冲击下薄板的穿甲破坏可分为隆起变形、碟形变形和弹体贯穿3个阶段,采用理想刚-塑性材料本构模型,同时考虑剪切、弯曲及薄膜拉伸对薄板变形和失效的作用,分析了薄板在冲击过程中的塑性动力响应及三个阶段中的变形吸能,并采用材料有效塑性应变失效准则分析了薄板的穿甲破坏准则,得到了弹体穿甲后的剩余动能和速度、薄板的弹道极限速度以及薄板的最大塑性变形。模型计算结果与实验结果及有限元分析结果吻合良好。     

机械零件可靠性在应力-强度分布特性下的计算模型

根据应力-强度分布特性下的干涉理论,确定了机械零件在应力-强度诸分布情形下的可靠性计算模型,将应力、强度、结构和可靠性计算联系起来。     

某新型榴弹引信加速寿命试验设计

通过对影响某新型榴弹引信长储失效的主要环境因素（温度和湿度）分析,得出其寿命服从威布尔分布,双环境应力下满足阿伦尼斯模型。用恒定应力加速寿命试验方法计算出双环境应力下威布尔分布的过渡参数、形状参数、尺寸参数等值,从而估算出某新型榴弹引信长储失效规律。     

冲击波载荷作用下固支正交各向异性薄板挠度特性分析

根据能量原理,采用层合板理论和薄板大变形理论,对四边固支的矩形正交铺层的纤维增强复合材料薄板在爆炸冲击波作用下的弹性大变形进行理论分析,得到了层合板的最大挠度计算公式。有限元数值模拟计算表明,理论计算结果与有限元数值模拟的结果吻合较好,因此该方法可用来对复合材料板在弹性范围内的最大挠度进行预测,同时认为根据薄板的最大挠度,可以计算板的应力(应变)分布和复合材料板失效时的爆炸载荷。     

基于ANSYS的车载式金属油罐有限元分析

利用有限元分析技术,应用ANSYS分析软件对车载式金属油罐罐体的结构强度进行了分析计算,得出在各种工况下的应力分布云图。通过对计算结果的分析,找出了产生最大应力的部位及原因,为金属油罐的优化设计提供了理论依据。     

定应变作用下NEPE推进剂老化特性及寿命预估研究

为考察定应变作用下NEPE推进剂的老化特性,研究了20%定应变作用下NEPE推进剂贮存老化过程中力学性能、凝胶性能和界面性能的变化.研究结果表明:定应变作用下NEPE推进剂在贮存老化过程中最大抗拉强度降低,最大延伸率变化较小,其老化失效主要表现为强度的失效;定应变下NEPE推进剂的凝胶百分数和粘附功随老化时间的延长而降低,NEPE推进剂粘合剂基体的降解断裂和界面的"脱湿"是其主要的老化机理;定应变下NEPE推进剂的力学性能与细观性能的相关性研究表明,最大抗拉强度与凝胶百分数和粘附功存在相关关系,计算了其关系式,建立了由细观性能评估推进剂宏观力学性能的方法;选择最大抗拉强度下降30%时失效,20%定应变下NEPE推进剂的贮存寿命为8.3年.     

力学性能不均匀性焊接接头应力分布研究

应用有限元分析方法,针对平板对接接头横向拉伸试验和实际工作状态下打底焊道为等强匹配、填充焊道为超强匹配时焊接接头在外载荷作用下的应力分布进行计算分析。分析结果表明:焊接接头内部强度的不均匀性引起材料变形能力的差异是接头应力分布不均匀性的主要原因,打底焊道应力低于其屈服强度,填充焊道是焊缝金属的主要承载部分;焊接热影响区对降低打底焊道和填充焊道强度不同引起的应力集中起重要作用;实际工况下的接头应力分布较试验接头应力分布更加均匀,承载能力高于试验状态的承载能力,在试验状态和实际工况下,接头的抗拉强度分别是母材抗拉强度的97.4%和99.4%。     

基于步进加速寿命试验的制导弹药储存寿命评估

介绍步进应力加速寿命试验原理,通过对制导弹药自动导引头贮存状态和失效机理的分析,确定了加速寿命试验应力和应力水平．假设产品寿命服从威布尔分布,应用极大似然估计和Bayes的方法处理数据,建立制导弹药可靠储存寿命预测模型,并计算得到自动导引头在正常应力水平下的可靠储存寿命．     

空气弹簧强度分析

应用复合材料理论,对空气弹簧的单层帘线橡胶的应力-应变关系及力学参数进行了计算.运用有限元方法对空气弹簧进行了应变分析,用所得到的数值结果,结合多层帘线橡胶的力学特性以及单层帘线橡胶的强度理论,对空气弹簧进行强度分析.计算结果表明,囊体的载荷主要由帘线承受.     

Study on performance degradation and failure analysis of machine gun barrel

An increase in the use of the gun barrel will cause wear of the inner wall, which reduces the muzzle velocity and the spin rate of the projectile. The off-bore flight attitude and trajectory of the projectile also change, affecting the shooting power and the accuracy. Exterior ballistic data of a high-speed spinning projectile are required to study the performance change. Therefore, based on the barrel's accelerated life test, the whole process of projectile shooting is reproduced using numerical simulation technology, and key information on the ballistic performance change at each shooting stage are acquired. Studies have shown that in the later stages of barrel shooting, the accuracy of shooting has not decreased significantly. However, it is found that the angle of attack of the projectile increases as the wear of the barrel increases. The maximum angle of attack reaches 0.106 rad when the number of shots reaches 4300. Meanwhile, elliptical bullet hole has appeared on the target at this shooting stage. Through combining external ballistic theory with simulation results, the primary reason of this phenomenon is found to be a significant decrease in the muzzle spin rate of the projectile. At the end of the barrel life, the projectile muzzle spin rate is 57.5% lower than that of a barrel without wear.     

防暴发射器身管长度优化研究

为解决某型防暴发射器身管设计不合理导致有效射程短的问题,以仿真设计的方法,运用Matlab计算软件对其进行了内弹道模拟仿真,获得了不同身管长度下该防暴发射器的膛压和速度曲线,确定了最优身管长度。然后利用ANsYs有限元分析软件,对延长身管后的模型进行了强度校核。仿真结果和实弹数据表明：防暴发射器身管长度设计合理,有效提高了其实际射程和作战效能,研究工作优化了防暴发射器的设计。     

基于刚柔耦合的坦克炮发射动力学仿真分析

炮口扰动是影响坦克炮射击精度的重要因素，为研究弹丸出炮口瞬间的炮口扰动规律，基于多体动力学与有限元方法构建了坦克刚柔耦合的全车动力学仿真模型，该模型考虑了身管的柔性特性，对身管进行了模态分析，得到了身管的模态中性文件。通过仿真，对比了后坐部分最大后坐位移与最大后坐速度的试验值与仿真值，对刚柔耦合模型的仿真结果进行了验证。在此基础上，分析了刚性身管和柔性身管对炮口扰动的影响，结果表明：考虑身管柔性特性的刚柔耦合模型能够有效提高坦克炮射击仿真精度。     

5级同步感应线圈发射试验装置及控制系统研究

基于同步感应线圈发射原理设计制作了5级电磁线圈发射试验装置,该装置采用光电传感器实时检测弹丸的位置,并将该位置信号反馈给控制系统触发双向可控硅闭合,使脉冲电容器对该级线圈放电。通过试验,给出了单级线圈的弹丸速度和触发位置的关系以及电压和级数对弹丸发射速度的影响。     

Aerodynamics analysis of a hypersonic electromagnetic gun launched projectile

A hypersonic aerodynamics analysis of an electromagnetic gun (EM gun) launched projectile configuration is undertaken in order to ameliorate the basic aerodynamic characteristics in comparison with the regular projectile layout. Static margin and pendulum motion analysis models have been applied to evaluate the flight stability of a new airframe configuration. With a steady state computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation, the basic density, pressure and velocity contours of the EM gun projectile flow field at Mach number 5.0, 6.0 and 7.0 (angle of attack = 0°) have been analyzed. Furthermore, the static margin values are enhanced dramatically for the EM gun projectile with configuration optimization. Drag, lift and pitch property variations are all illustrated with the changes of Mach number and angle of attack. A particle ballistic calculation was completed for the pendulum analysis. The results show that the configuration optimized projectile, launched from the EM gun at Mach number 5.0 to 7.0, acts in a much more stable way than the projectiles with regular aerodynamic layout.     

火箭发动机装药温度测量

随着火箭弹射击距离的不断增长,其发动机装药温度测量精度对落点精度的影响日益突出.提出了测量火箭弹装药代用材料的方法来测量火箭弹装药温度,克服了火箭弹装药温度测量困难,提高了测量精度.介绍了装药温度特性曲线测量方法,通过试验选取代用材料,设计了火箭弹装药相似体及药温测量装置,并对结果进行了分析.     

Analysis of the effect of bore centerline on projectile exit conditions in small arms

Most finite element models of small arms focus on an idealized barrel, typically one with a perfectly straight bore centerline. Using five different experimentally measured bore centerlines, this investigation analyzes the effect centerline nonlinearity has on projectile exit conditions. This includes the effect of rotating a centerline through several orientations. Modeled using Abaqus/Explicit, this dynamic analysis simulates a single firing cycle for each centerline. Projectile jump is calculated for each model as a measure of the effects of warped centerlines. The warped centerlines have a small effect on barrel dynamics.     

脱壳弹弹托分离的双目视觉测量

脱壳弹的弹托分离过程对弹体的飞行稳定性和打击效能具有显著的影响。针对脱壳弹出膛后弹托相对弹体的六自由度运动过程,提出采用基于双目视觉原理的弹托分离角测量方法。通过在弹体表面和弹托表面设置标记点,采用图像处理和跟踪算法实现对标记点的识别和跟踪。结合双目空间标定参数解算出标记点的空间位置,进而获得弹托相对弹体的分离角度,同时采用实验验证了上述测量方法的精度,其精度达到2%。以实验室进行的初速度1 550 m/s和1 750 m/s的脱壳弹射击试验为例,测量并分析了不同初速度下的弹托分离轨迹。结果表明:脱壳弹分离初速度越快,弹托分离轨迹越靠近弹体。     

Influence of multiple structural parameters on interior ballistics based on orthogonal test methods

Influence of multiple structural parameters on the performance of a gun launch system driven by high-pressure reactive gases is important for structural design and performance adjustment. A coupled lumped parameter model was utilized to predict the propellant combustion, and a dynamic finite element method was applied to approximate the mechanical interactions between the projectile and the barrel. The combustion and the mechanical interactions were coupled through a user subroutine interface in ABAQUS. The correctness and the capability of the finite element approximations in capturing small structural changes were validated by comparing predicted resistance with experiments. Based on the coupled model, the influence of structural parameters of a medium-caliber gun on the system performance was investigated. In order to reduce the research costs, orthogonal tests were designed to investigate the comprehensive effects of the parameters. According to statistical analysis, the important order of the structural parameters on the launching process was obtained. The results indicate that the influence of the width of the rotating band stands out among the studied parameters in the gun. The work provides a method to investigate the influence of multiple parameters on system performance and gives guidance for controlling the system performance.