新型红外诱饵剂中添加剂与氧化剂的作用研究

研究了添加剂和氧化剂对Mg-PTFE红外诱饵剂线性燃烧速度和辐射强度的影响。结果发现随着添加剂含量的增加,红外诱饵剂的线性燃烧速度逐渐增大。同时Mg-PTFE／A的辐射强度比Mg—PTFE红外诱饵剂的辐射强度显著提高,并且随着添加剂含量的增加,辐射强度也逐渐增大。随着氧化剂含量的增加,红外诱饵剂的线性燃烧速度逐渐变小,辐射强度逐渐降低。     

舰载红外警戒系统工作原理的红外成像模拟

舰载红外警戒系统能有效探测反舰导弹和超低空飞行的飞机,但是在平时训练和装备定型验证时存在困难。分析了红外成像模拟的原理,对海战场主要辐射源进行了研究,通过建立虚拟海战场,计算辐射源的辐射强度,实现了对舰载红外警戒系统红外成像的模拟。实验表明,仿真效果逼真,可以满足部队实际训练的需要。     

计算空气动力学飞机红外辐射强度估算方法

结合CFD技术和红外辐射理论发展了一种飞机红外辐射强度估算方法.首先通过欧拉方程数值模拟来获得飞机表面温度场分布,然后应用结合粘性附面层理论进行壁面温度计算分析.在获得了飞机表面温度分布数据之后,采用灰体辐射理论估算全机红外辐射强度.进行某喷气式飞机红外辐射强度估算研究,分析有/无尾焰情况的飞机红外辐射强度计算结果,初...     

红外脉冲强光辐射产生技术研究

定向红外脉冲强光辐射技术是定向红外对抗中的关键技术,主要用来破坏敌方精确制导武器或C4I系统的红外传感器。本文进行了三种产生技术的研究,即爆炸激励惰性气体,多丝电爆激励惰性气体和多点同步爆燃药物。在同步爆燃产生技术的研究中,当有效载荷弹药为0.2kg时,在距离源50m处得到三个波段(1～3、3～5、8～12μm)的辐射强度为(2.00～3.55)×l05W／Sr,脉冲半高宽为约20ms的强红外辐射脉冲。     

反舰导弹红外辐射特性研究

从舰载红外警戒系统的实际需要出发,针对海空背景下低空来袭反舰导弹目标,深入研究导弹的红外辐射特征,并建立其红外辐射简化模型.通过导弹尾喷管、尾喷焰及蒙皮的气动加热3个导弹主要辐射源,计算某型反舰导弹在长波段(红外警戒系统主要工作波段)的红外辐射强度,并针对计算结果进行了相关分析.     

舰载红外诱饵防御红外成像制导导弹建模与分析

新型舰载红外诱饵可以成功干扰红外成像制导导弹。通过分析红外诱饵对红外成像制导导弹的矩心干扰机理,建立了包括舰艇、导弹的运动轨迹,红外诱饵弹和矩心的运动轨迹方程在内的红外诱饵对抗红外成像制导导弹模型;通过算例分析了矩心运动轨迹,分析了布设不同数量的诱饵对矩心与舰艇之间距离的影响;研究了不同数量红外诱饵对干扰效果的影响。     

土黄色红外伪装涂层的制备及应用

钛铬黄颜料是一种高近红外反射颜料,能够通过增加近红外波段的反射率降低目标的表面温度,弱化目标的红外辐射强度。从颜料的基本性能、涂层的光谱特性和涂层的红外辐射强度3个方面探究高近红外反射颜料在红外隐身涂层中的应用价值。结果表明:钛铬黄颜料在近红外波段的反射率优于铁黄颜料,其近红外平均反射率为99.87%;当颜料的质量分数为20%,钛铬黄涂层的近红外反射率最大,其值为68.69%。通过太阳光照射模拟实验表明,钛铬黄涂层的红外辐射强度较铁黄涂层降低了12.8%,将钛铬黄颜料用于红外隐身涂层能够有效降低目标的红外辐射强度,利于目标达到红外隐身的目的。     

喷气式飞机尾焰红外辐射的理论计算与仿真

通过对喷气式飞机尾焰流场特点的深入分析,绘制了尾焰的等温线图和各组分等压图.考虑了谱线的碰撞展宽效应和多普勒展宽效应,利用单谱带模型C-G近似法,计算了尾焰各控制体的吸收系数,同时给出了尾焰红外辐射强度的计算方法和步骤.最后,计算了某单管型号的喷气式飞机在非加力状态下的3 μm～5 μm红外辐射强度,并与实际的测量数据...     

地面目标红外辐射特征测试研究

为研究地面目标红外辐射特征,进行了室内材料测试和外场地面目标测试,分析材料材质、太阳辐射、风速、空气温湿度、自身热源等因素对地面目标红外辐射特征的影响。结果表明:材料材质对红外辐射特征影响显著;冷态时,地面目标红外辐射特征主要受太阳辐射影响,其次是空气温度、材料热容量和风速;热态时,地面目标红外辐射特征主要受工作热源影响,其次是太阳辐射、空气温度、材料热容量和风速。在进行地面目标红外隐身设计时,应考虑太阳辐射、自身热源等因素的影响,并从结构设计和材料使用两方面着手。     

红外警戒系统的技术方法研究

对于低空、超低空飞行的威胁目标（导弹、飞机）,红外警戒系统是一种有效的、发展迅速的近程防御与对抗武器装备。针对红外警戒系统的主要技术,提出了系统的战术技术要求;分析了信号处理对系统作用距离的影响;给出了一种红外点目标信号预处理方法和红外目标点迹处理方法,以及虚警时间、虚警概率、探测概率的关系;探讨了双波段数据融合技术并简述了系统的研制现状及发展趋势。     

不同的扩散模型对再入体等离子体鞘电子密度分布的影响

本文研究不同的扩散模型对再入体等离子体鞘电子密度分布的影响。由于电子和离子的质量相差三个量级以上,电子的浓度扩散速度比离子大得多,引起正负电荷分离。由此产生的诱导电场又阻碍带电粒子的扩散运动。本文同时考虑这二种影响扩散的因素,得到了非平衡等离子体鞘带电粒子分布的数值解,并与准中性模型、双极扩散模型等其它三种近似模型进行了比较。计算表明:流场的大部份区域满足等离子体准中性假定,但在物面和激波附近存在电荷分离较明显的薄层,其厚度约为Debye屏蔽长度的量级。这种边界效应对中性粒子的分布影响甚微,但对带电粒子的分布则产生一定的影响。由此可以判断各种扩散模型的适用性。     

Effect of wave shaper on reactive materials jet formation and its penetration performance

Wave shaper effect on formation behavior and penetration performance of reactive liner shaped charge (RLSC) are investigated by experiments and simulations. The reactive materials liner with a density of 2.3 g/cm³ is fabricated by cold pressing at a pressure of 300 MPa and sintering at a temperature of 380 °C. Experiments of the RLSC with and without wave shaper against steel plates are carried out at standoffs of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 CD (charge diameter), respectively. The experimental results show that the penetration depths and structural damage effects of steel plates decrease with increasing the standoff, while the penetration depths and the damage effects of RLSC without wave shaper are much greater than that with wave shaper at the same standoff. To understand the unusual experimental results, numerical simulations based on AUTODYN-2D code are conducted to discuss the wave shaper effect, including the propagation behavior of detonation wave, the velocity and temperature distribution of reactive jet, and penetration depth of reactive jet. The simulations indicate that, compared with RLSC without wave shaper, there is a higher temperature produced inside reactive jet with wave shaper. This unusual temperature rise effects are likely to be an important mechanism to cause the initiation delay time of reactive jet to decline, which results in significantly decreasing its penetration performance.     

Effects of module number and firing condition on charge thermal safety in gun chamber

Thermal safety of modular charge which is fed into and retained in the chamber after gun fires consecutively is first investigated with cook-off method.A two-dimensional cook-off model of modular charge in gun chamber is established and the cook-off process of modular charge in gun chamber is numerically simulated.Then the effects of module number and firing condition on charge thermal safety are evaluated by researching the cook-off response characteristics of modules.The results show that,under conditions of different module numbers the cook-off responses all occur on the module closest to the boundary of missile,and the single-base propellants located at the inner surface of cartridge ignite first.When the number of loaded module changes from 1 to 6,the cook-off response temperatures vary little,only in a small range of 478.1 K-482.4 K.The cook-off response times decrease logarithmically in the range of 211.2 s-166.7 s with the increasing length of residual air gap in gun chamber.The simulation results are well matched with the experimental data.Furthermore,different firing conditions have great influence on the cook-off response time,minor influence on the initial response position and little in-fluence on the response temperature.Under the three conditions of consecutive 32 launches with 5 rounds/min,43 launches with 1 round/min,and 41 launches with different firing frequencies,the cook-off response temperatures are 479.2 K,481.1 K and 479.9 K respectively and the response times are 709.2 s,211.2 s and 214.4 s respectively.The response position is near the middle area of the inner cartridge surface in the former condition and near the right area in the latter two conditions.     

Reaction characteristic of PTFE/Al/Cu/Pb composites and application in shaped charge liner

In this paper, the reaction characteristic and its application in shaped charge warhead of a novel reactive material, which introduced copper (Cu) and plumbum (Pb) into traditional polytetrafluoroethylene/aluminum (PTFE/Al), are studied. The thermal analysis and chemical reaction behavior of the PTFE/Al/Cu/Pb mixture are investigated by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC),Thermo-gravimetry (TG), and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) techniques. Then, the shaped charge liners with PTFE/Al/Cu/Pb reactive materials are fabricated, and the X-ray experiments show that they could form reactive jets with excellent performance under the detonation effects of the shaped charge. Based on that, the penetration experiments of shaped charge with PTFE/Al/Cu/Pb reactive liner against steel plates are carried out, and the results demonstrate that the PTFE/Al/Cu/Pb reactive jets could produce a deeper penetration depth compared to the traditional PTFE/Al reactive jets. Meanwhile, the PTFE/Al/Cu/Pb reactive jets also show significant inner-blast effects, leading to dramatically cracking or fragmentation behavior of the penetrated steel plates. This new PTFE/Al/Cu/Pb reactive liner shaped charge presents enhanced penetration behavior for steel targets that incorporates the penetration capability of a high-density and ductility jet, and the chemical energy release of PTFE-matrix reactive materials.     

Shaped charge penetration into high- and ultrahigh-strength Steel–Fiber reactive powder concrete targets

Experiments on shaped charge penetration into high and ultrahigh strength steel-fiber reactive powder concrete (RPC) targets were performed in this paper. Results show that the variation of penetration depth and crater diameter with concrete strength is different from that of shaped charge penetration into normal strength concrete (NSC). The crater diameter of RPC is smaller than that of NSC penetrated by the shaped charge. The jet particles are strongly disturbed and hardly reach the crater bottom because they pass through the narrow channel formed by jet penetration into the RPC. The effects of radial drift velocity and gap effects of jet particles for a shaped charge penetration into RPC target are discussed. Moreover, a theoretical model is presented to describe the penetration of shaped charge into RPC target. As the concrete strength increases, the penetration resistance increases and the entrance crater diameter decreases. Given the drift velocity and narrow crater channel, the low-velocity jet particles can hardly reach the crater bottom to increase the penetration depth. Moreover, the narrow channel has a stronger interference to the jet particles with increasing concrete strength; hence, the gap effects must be considered. The drift velocity and gap effects, which are the same as penetration resistance, also have significant effects during the process of shaped charge penetration into ultrahigh-strength concrete. The crater profiles are calculated through a theoretical model, and the results are in good agreement with the experiments.     

Investigate the effects of magnetic fields on the penetration ability of a shaped charge jet at different standoffs

The influence of a magnetic field on the stability of a shaped charge jet is experimentally investigated at standoffs of 490, 650 and 800 mm. The experimental results without and with the magnetic field are compared in terms of the shaped charge jet form, stability and penetration ability. A theoretical model based on one-dimension fluid dynamics is then developed to assess the depth of penetration of the shaped charge at those three standoffs and magnetic conditions. The results show that the penetration capability can be enhanced in more than 70% by the magnetic field. The theoretical calculations are compared with the experimental results with reasonably good correlation. In addition, the parameters introduced in the theory are discussed together with the experiments at three standoffs studied.     

红外目标分割方法研究

红外目标分割算法对红外目标检测、跟踪具有非常重要的价值。本文利用背景和目标灰度特征,提出一种实现红外目标有效分割的方法,克服红外目标内部温度不稳定造成的误分割问题。本文方法首先采用基于灰度-显著度最大相关准则的二维直方图分割算法进行图像分割;然后,在分割后二值图上进行基于随机种子点选取的区域增长,提取背景;最后,采用形态学方法优化分割结果。相对传统的红外目标检测算法,这种算法具有更好的抗干扰能力,更强的鲁棒性。不仅可以应用于红外图像的目标分割,而且可以应用于其他类似的目标分割问题。     

双球破片冲击柱壳装药的临界起爆条件

为了研究导弹战斗部(柱壳装药)在破片场中的累积毁伤问题,在现有单破片起爆平板装药的Jacobs-Roslund经验准则的基础上,分别建立了考虑破片尺寸、破片撞击角度、柱壳装药的装药半径和壳体厚度的单球破片、双球破片冲击柱壳装药临界起爆条件的工程分析模型.该模型计算结果与数值模拟结果和现有试验结果相吻,证明利用该模型能较...     

火箭自导深弹空中段关键指标研究

文中依据火箭自导深弹的组成及攻潜过程,建立了相关仿真模型,在典型条件下,分别采用对目标当前点和对目标提前点两种射击策略,利用蒙特卡罗法仿真分析了弹箭分离高度、入水速度、溅落点散布误差和助飞段平均飞行速度等空中段主要指标对发现概率的影响。仿真结果表明：溅落点散布误差和助飞段平均飞行速度对发现概率影响显著,为火箭自导深弹空中段关键指标;溅落点散布误差控制在200m以内,助飞段平均飞行速度高于250m/s时,具有较高的发现概率。