舰艇箔条冲淡干扰发射时机模型研究

当敌方反舰导弹攻击我方舰艇时,我方可实施冲淡干扰进行防御,其干扰时机对干扰效果起着决定性作用.对此,提出一种基于时空域限定条件的冲淡干扰发射时机模型,首先建立舰艇、箔条云、导弹运动模型,然后根据导弹末制导雷达开机时间得到时域限定范围,根据末制导雷达搜索波束角与箔条云、箔条云与舰艇位置关系得到空域限定范围,通过模型计算箔条云距雷达搜索波束角边界距离、干扰有效时机范围和补射箔条弹策略.仿真结果表明,新模型可以较好地确定冲淡干扰发射时机,相关结论对冲淡干扰的运用和效果评估有重要指导价值.     

末制导雷达干扰决策的模糊评估方法研究

为了适应水面舰艇反导作战的需要 ,提出了一种评估末制导雷达干扰决策的方法。建立了导弹末制导雷达干扰决策评估模型 ,在此基础上 ,运用模糊综合评估的方法 ,对导弹末制导雷达干扰决策进行了综合评估。以干扰某型反舰导弹为例 ,对评估方法进行了试验验证。结果表明 ,该评估方法对评估末制导雷达干扰决策十分有效     

反舰导弹雷达末制导参数的箔条冲淡干扰布阵

箔条冲淡干扰是水面舰艇对抗雷达末制导反舰导弹的重要手段之一,冲淡干扰效果受多方面因素的制约.在对方位搜索角和距离搜索范围等末制导雷达参数对箔条冲淡干扰效果可能造成的影响分析基础上,提出了一种新型的冲淡干扰假目标的布阵样式,并通过计算机仿真对该布阵样式的有效性进行了验证.     

噪声干扰对抗单脉冲末制导雷达技术研究

反舰导弹末制导雷达越来越多地采用单脉冲角跟踪技术,舰艇须结合自身特点,采取有效的对抗措施.针对噪声干扰对抗单脉冲末制导雷达的可行性进行了分析,建立了噪声干扰模型、角度跟踪误差估算模型和雷达发现概率计算模型,并用Matlab进行仿真验证,得出了噪声干扰通过破坏雷达角跟踪系统而有效干扰单脉冲末制导雷达的结论,并根据所给参数推算出此时所需的干扰机功率大小.     

舰艇隐身对反舰导弹末制导 雷达目标截获能力的影响

以法国海军的拉菲特级隐身舰为典型对象,就水面舰艇目前的隐身水平进行了评估,分析和计算了典型反舰导弹末制导雷达对隐身舰艇的检测概率和理想状态下对隐身舰艇的截获概率。指出在反舰导弹的攻击过程中,如果能够保证末制导雷达对目标的多次捕捉,舰艇隐身的效果将被抵销;隐身舰艇利用电子干扰产生假目标将可以抑制末制导雷达对真实目标的捕捉。因此,反舰导弹及其末制导雷达要对付舰艇隐身,其关键不是采用新体制雷达来提高检测能力,而在于提高现体制末制导雷达的目标识别能力。     

针对反舰导弹的距离波门拖引干扰使用研究

针对采用比例导引法的雷达末制导反舰导弹对舰船的攻击问题,研究了距离波门拖引干扰对反舰导弹运动规律的影响.通过建立弹舰对抗过程模型,分析并推导了干扰时机与导弹攻击结果之间的关系,结合仿真验证给出了距离波门拖引干扰的使用方法.     

目标对抗条件下反舰导弹突防概率计算与分析

针对反舰导弹攻击水面舰艇的特点,在分析目标舰艇对反舰导弹发现概率的基础上,研究了目标舰艇采用各种手段对抗来袭导弹时对反舰导弹突防概率的影响。设计了分别适应冲淡干扰、转移干扰、质心干扰、对空导弹抗击和近程火炮抗击的一系列数学模型,并推导出突防概率的计算公式,仿真分析验证了所建立模型的正确性。该公式不仅考虑到了目标舰艇对来袭导弹的发现概率,而且顾及到了可能用到的所有对抗手段,比较符合实际情况,由此得出的结论对水面舰艇攻击战术有一定的参考价值。     

舰艇隐身影响质心式箔条干扰效果问题的研究

给出了在实施质心式箔条干扰时,反舰导弹末制导雷达动态跟踪目标和箔条云质心的数学模型;基于该数学模型,以台湾的"康定"级隐身舰为典型对象,就满载排水量与之相当的常规舰艇和"康定"舰针对末制导雷达实施质心式箔条干扰的成功概率进行了Monte Carlo仿真计算。计算结果表明:舰艇隐身满足了大、中型舰艇实施质心式箔条干扰时对压制系数的要求,大大提升了质心式箔条干扰的效果。     

基于解相遇策略的箔条防御反舰导弹方法

基于一种利用舰炮发射的箔条干扰弹,充分利用舰炮射程远、发射率高、精度高等特点和箔条云对导弹末制导雷达的遮蔽效应,在详细分析了箔条云对雷达电磁波的衰减效果以及对雷达有效探测距离的影响基础上,提出了一种基于解相遇策略的箔条防御反舰导弹的新方法,该方法可实现对反舰导弹的中远距离干扰。通过仿真证明了该方法的有效性,并得到了一些有用的启示,对于新型箔条弹的研发提供理论指导。     

反舰导弹电子对抗仿真问题的研究

为观察、评估和研究针对反舰导弹末制导雷达的电子干扰的效果,研制了一个反舰导弹电子对抗仿真系统。文中给出了该仿真系统的模型框架,从仿真可信度的角度对其中的末制导雷达仿真模型作了进一步的说明,并介绍了该仿真系统在针对反舰导弹末制导雷达的电子干扰技术研究方面的应用。     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.     

Country survey XVI the defence sector in the economy of a declining superpower: Soviet Union and Russia, 1965-2001

The Soviet Union was able to develop a large military-industrial complex and become the world's second superpower despite deficiencies in its centrally planned economy because defence was given high priority status and special planning, rationing and administrative mechanisms were used to attain national security objectives. However, in the period 1976-85 the effectiveness of priority protection diminished and defence institutions experienced more of the problems typical of the shortage economic system. The heavy defence burden also created growing difficulties for the civilian economy. The attempts by the Gorbachev government to reform the defence sector and improve defence-economic relationships during perestroika (1985-91) uniformly failed. For most of the transition period, the Russian military-industrial complex has been adversely affected by its low priority status, cuts in defence spending, instability of the hybrid politico-economic system, and negative growth of the economy. The armed forces and defence industry have been reduced in size and their outputs of military services and equipment have fallen to low levels. Nevertheless, the Russian armed forces still have over one million troops, significant stocks of sophisticated conventional weapons, and a large nuclear arsenal. The government of President Putin has raised the priority of the defence sector, increased real defence spending, and adopted ambitious plans to revive Russian military power. It is likely, though, that tight resource constraints will hamper efforts to reform the armed forces and to upgrade weapons. By 2010 Russia will be an important, but not dominant, military power in Eurasia.     

Traffickers,terrorists, and a ‘new security challenge’: Russian counternarcotics strategy and the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade

The collapse of the Soviet Union precipitated the massive expansion of drug use and trade in Russia. The country now has one of the largest populations of injecting drug users in the world and has become the largest single-country market for Afghan heroin. In 2003 the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade was created to coordinate a comprehensive counternarcotics strategy appropriate to the scale of this threat. The service continues to face a number of challenges in its early stages of development. However, it has made considerable advances in improving responses to large-scale organised crime and in building international cooperation.