阻尼材料/纤维层合板复合靶板抗冲击性能研究

提出了一种由阻尼材料、碳纤维层合板、UHMWPE纤维层合板构成的复合防弹结构.应用LS-DYNA软件进行有限元分析,研究该结构抗7.62 mm子弹侵彻性能;通过改变结构几何参数,研究其对冲击结果的影响规律,进一步探究阻尼层的最佳涂刷位置和最优厚度.结果表明:涂刷面层阻尼对靶板抗侵彻性能提升最为显著,涂刷芯层阻尼会降低靶...     

多层粘弹阻尼复合结构阻尼性能的研究

制备了多层粘弹阻尼复合结构,并研究了其阻尼性能.实验结果表明,多层粘弹弱约束阻尼复合结构的阻尼性能优于多层粘弹自由阻尼复合结构的阻尼性能.     

Kelvin模型阻尼层合板的振动分析

基于Kelvin模型粘弹性材料本构关系导出了阻尼层合板的动力学微分方程组,给出了四边简支阻尼层合板的固有频率和损耗因子的解析解。与文献结果比较表明,将Kelvin模型应用于粘弹结构的动力特性问题求解,计算模型简便,且计算结果比常复数模型更为精确。分析了阻尼层参数变化对结构振动特性的影响。分析结果表明:增加阻尼层厚度,可以有效提高结构损耗因子;增加阻尼层材料的剪切模量,结构损耗因子增大到一定值后又逐渐减小,在减振设计中阻尼层的模量存在最佳值。     

粘弹性芯材复合材料夹芯板的自由振动分析

基于Kelvin粘弹性芯材本构特征模型,推导了复合材料夹芯板的动力学控制方程,给出了四边简支正交对称铺层表层夹芯板的固有频率和结构损耗因子解析解,并将解析解与有限元计算结果进行了对比验证。探讨了阻尼层参数变化对结构固有自由振动特性的影响。分析结果表明:增加芯材厚度能有效地提高结构固有频率和损耗因子;结构的有阻尼自振频率受损耗因子影响较小,但其损耗因子随着芯材材料损耗因子的增加而增加;结构的固有频率随着芯材剪切模量的增加而增加,增幅逐渐减小;随着芯材剪切模量的增加,结构的损耗因子先增加后减小,芯材剪切模量设计存在最佳值;结构尺寸增加,芯材剪切模量最佳值逐渐减小。     

钢—混凝土复合爆炸容器内爆响应数值模拟

应用动力有限元方法模拟了轴对称椭球顶圆柱密闭式抗爆容器内部爆炸流场,并对钢衬-混凝土复合容器壁的应力应变响应进行了数值模拟分析.分析结果显示:钢衬层应力波动的低、高频两部分分别起因于压力波的反复作用及钢衬结构的本征振动,二次波对容器顶部的作用很重要,并由此对混凝土的塑性及损伤的时空分布产生重要影响.数值模拟结果与实验结果一致.     

橡胶-钢粘接界面断裂问题非线性有限元分析

为解决橡胶-钢粘接界面断裂非线性有限元计算问题,建立了含初始裂纹的橡胶-钢粘接复合结构有限元模型;用张开位移作为裂纹开裂的判定参数并模拟了裂纹的扩展,计算值与试验值的对比证明了该方法的可行性;计算了开裂前粘接界面的层间应力,分析了开裂前裂纹前沿和沿裂纹扩展方向的层间应力变化情况;用断裂力学中的柔度法计算橡胶-钢复合结构的能量释放率,计算并分析了能量释放率沿裂纹扩展方向的变化情况,并与实验结果进行了对比验证,结果证明:该方法是可行的。     

爆炸复合接头剪切强度测试方法研究

参照正交各向异性层压复合板层间剪切强度的测试方法,提出了用于测试爆炸复合接头复合界面剪切强度的3种方法;并建立三维有限元模型,分别对3种测试方法进行模拟;最后分别对3种方法进行了测试试验.结果表明,3种试验方法均能有效测试爆炸复合接头的剪切强度,其中对称试件双切口拉伸法最适合实际应用.     

连续高冲击试验装置动态作用过程仿真研究

针对多层侵彻引信的实验室短间隔连续冲击试验技术需求,设计了一种新型的旋转式连续高冲击试验装置,实现了连续冲击过程中冲击幅值和冲击频率同步提升.基于ANSYS/LS-DYNA建立了试验装置主要结构的有限元仿真模型,仿真获得了试验装置关键力学作用结构的应力分布和被冲击机构上的冲击接触力,结合冲击试验对有限元仿真结果进行了验...     

型钢混凝土桁架转换层的监控与分析

对贵阳市某大楼型钢混凝土桁架转换层进行了施工期间的监控,并利用有限元分析软件ANSYS建立了带有型钢混凝土桁架转换层的结构有限元分析模型.针对工程中连接、构造和施工影响等相关因素进行有限元模型的对比分析,明确各因素对桁架受力的影响.结合施工阶段的监控数据,分析此工程中桁架受力状态的成因,为准确判断工程在正常投入使用后的...     

基于量子遗传算法的钢管焊接结构焊缝损伤识别

利用从发射台骨架试验模型获取的模态参数,选择识别结果中精度较好的模态频率作为模型修正的基准频率.通过对待修正参数的灵敏度分析,运用ANSYS和MATLAB软件对有限元模型进行了修正.以实测模态和计算模态之间的误差建立一个带约束边界的非线性最小二乘目标函数,将损伤识别问题转化为优化问题,引入量子遗传算法处理模态参数,进行结构的损伤识别.为了让量子遗传算法更适用于结构工程损伤识别领域,提出了改进的动态策略调整量子门旋转角.以有限元模型焊接结点单元组弹性模量的降低模拟焊缝损伤,并假定了损伤工况,对发射台骨架模型的数值仿真及试验研究表明:该损伤识别方法识别效果较为理想,为解决这种复杂焊接结构焊缝损伤识别问题提供了新的思路.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.     

The UK,interrogation and Iraq, 2003–2008

The UK’s interrogation operations during the conflict in Iraq (2003–2008) are often portrayed by the media as involving significant amounts of mistreatment. This article demonstrates that these practices are not necessarily representative of the UK’s interrogation operations across this conflict. In doing so it contributes to the limited literature on the practice of interrogation and on the UK’s combat operations in Iraq. The UK’s interrogation capability, and therefore its intelligence-gathering capability, is shown to have rested primarily with the military’s Joint Forward Interrogation Team (JFIT). The JFIT suffered from limitations to the number, training and experience of its interrogators and interpreters. It is argued that maintaining a permanent, higher level of preparedness for interrogation by the British armed forces is desirable.     

Remembering and forgetting Mirambo: Histories of war in modern Africa

ABSTRACT

While the study of organised violence is considered essential to understanding the history of the West, and accordingly imbued with various layers of meaning and remembrance, war is widely regarded as inimical to the modern nation in Africa and stable development more broadly. Using examples drawn from primarily from East Africa, this paper considers the ways in which warfare in the deeper (‘precolonial’) past has been framed and envisioned in recent decades, in particular by governments whose own roots lie in revolutionary armed struggle and who began life as guerrilla movements. While in some cases particular elements of the deeper past were indeed mobilised in pursuit of contemporary political goals, in many other scenarios histories of precolonial violence were beheld as problematic and unworthy of remembrance. This paper highlights the paradox and ambiguity which has attended the memory of key aspects of Africa’s deeper past.