军队应急物资储备规模决策研究

应急储备物资保障并不是唯一应对突发事件的物资保障方式。寻求应急储备物资的最优保障策略和最优储备规模,必须考虑应急采购、经济动员等保障方式对应急储备物资保障的影响。     

军队应急采购风险管理初探

在突发情况多发的今天,采购工作不可避免地存在着风险,研究军队应急采购的风险对于采购机构达成预期采购效益具有重要的意义。文章在探讨军队应急采购风险的识别与衡量的基础上,提出加强风险管理的措施:改善军队物资采购效益评价体系,加强军队物资采购行为控制,建立补偿机制,完善监督管理体系。     

浅议提高军队企业效益

在货币政策适度从紧,军队企业被“三角债”困扰的情况下,要提高军队企业的效益,首先要扭转企业重销轻收的局面,提高货款回笼率。其次要加强物资采购管理,提高储备资金周转率。同时,还要实现资金管理从“分散”型向“集约”型的转化。     

民兵应急装备器材保障渠道亟待理顺

新形势下,参与应急行动是民兵使用的重要方式。与之相适应,必须落实好民兵应急装备器材保障,为民兵遂行应急任务创造良好的物质技术条件。要依据国家突发事件应对法、防暴法规和军队参加抢险救灾条例等法律规章,遵循"军事机关提需求、政府抓落实"的原则,明确民兵应急装备器材由地方政府统筹保障,由军事机关负责使用管理。要紧密结合地方实际,由军事机关会同政府研究制定民兵应急装备器材保障计划方案,具体采取政府购置储备与预编预征储备相结合的办法落实。防暴装备可由政府预先购置配备保障或纳入公安系统综合调整保     

军队双源应急采购模型的构建

文章针对突发情况下军队物资需求量大、数量不确定等问题,提出将协议采购和现货采购相结合,实行军队双源采购策略,并利用经济学模型加以分析,得出了影响应急采购效益的关键要素。     

浅析知识产权对装备动员的影响

装备动员是指“为保障军队作战和日常军事活动需求，弥补装备不足和保障装备正常使用，以武器、设备、车辆、器材、装具及技术保障力量等为对象，采取动用储备、生产、采购、征用、租借等方式而进行的国防动员活动”。知识产权是指“公民、法人等主体依据法律的规定，对其从事智力创作或创新活动所产生的知识产品所享有的专有权利”，又称为“智力成果权”、“无形财产权”。     

电商平台战时应急保障体系探索与实践【专题】

天章实业集团旗下的珠海乐活公社网络科技有限公司平时为军队提供后勤物资和服务保障，拥有较为丰富的军队后勤保障经验。在新冠肺炎疫情突发的紧急关头，公司充分发挥民营企业灵活性的特点，利用自有电商平台优势，通过应用“战时应急保障体系”实现供应资源与军队需求高效短链匹配，为军队基层官兵提供疫情防护物资应急保障，助力军队打赢新冠肺炎狙击战。本文以珠海乐活公司建设的专业军队采购服务电商平台“妥了网”为例，分别从产生背景、理论基础、系统基础、主要内容和应用实践等几方面对战时应急保障体系进行了分析介绍。     

基于干扰管理思想的应急装备器材供应扰动恢复模型

为解决应急条件下装备器材供应过程中由于运力受扰而产生的干扰问题,基于干扰管理思想,提出了应急装备器材供应扰动恢复问题的转化策略,构建了基于虚拟需求点的运力受扰扰动恢复模型;为寻求最优解,设计了基于遗传算法的人工鱼群优化算法。通过算例对模型和算法的有效性进行了验证。     

军队物资合理储备策略探讨

根据新时期军事战略方针,我军物资储备布局虽然进行了大的调整,但实施综合保障的“弹性”较差。为此,要以适应高技术局部战争要求和市场经济需要为目标,调整物资储备策略:明确“标准储备”与“重点储备”,确保储备合理;储备实物与储备技术和生产能力相结合,增强动员转产能力;仓库储备与市场储备相结合,缩短物资储备周期;宏观调整储备布局,建立统供统管的物资储备体制;军队储备结构与国家储备结构形成互补,走军民其储的路子。     

基于多资源点的装备应急器材调度决策模型

针对装备应急器材调度决策问题,从调度路径优化和调度计划分配2个方面,研究了其多目标优化模型的构建。将资源点划分为若干级别来确定资源点选取的优先次序,通过先求解资源点与需求点之间的最优路径,后求解器材资源分配量的思路,建立了装备应急器材调度决策的广义最优路径模型和运输模型,采用改进的Dijkstra算法对模型进行求解,仿真结果表明:所构建的决策模型及算法是有效的。     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Cyberpower in Strategic Affairs: Neither Unthinkable nor Blessed

Abstract

This article explores the effect of connectivity on strategic affairs. It argues that the effect on war's character is potentially, although not yet shown in practice, considerably large. Its effect upon the distribution of power among states in the international system is small, contrary to the claims of ‘cyberwar’ alarmists. All told, however, its effect upon strategic affairs is complex. On the one hand, it represents a significant advance in the ‘complexification’ of state strategies, understood in the sense of the production of intended effects. On the other hand, strategists today – still predominantly concerned with the conflicts and confrontations of states and organised military power – are generally missing the power which non-traditional strategic actors, better adapted to the network flows of the information age, are beginning to deploy. These new forms of organization and coercion will challenge the status quo.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.