基于DIS证据推理的高炮武器系统效能评估

阐述了D/S证据推理的数学原理,探讨了D/S证据推理方法在高炮武器系统效能评估中的应用,并建立了高炮武器系统效能评估模型,最后结合具体实例进行分析。     

基于D/S证据推理的高炮武器系统效能评估

阐述了D/S证据推理的数学原理,探讨了D/S证据推理方法在高炮武器系统效能评估中的应用,并建立了高炮武器系统效能评估模型,最后结合具体实例进行分析.     

基于D-S证据推理的C3I系统效能评估

阐述了D-S证据推理的数学原理,探讨了D-S证据推理方法在C3I系统效能评估中的应用,并建立了C3I系统效能评估模型,最后结合具体实例进行分析.     

一种新的基于DSmT的合成公式

DSmT是一种有用的不确定推理方法,能较好地解决强冲突情况下的信息融合问题.由于其在组合规则方面存在不足,影响了DSmT的应用.提出了一种新的合成方法,即在保留冲突焦元的基础上对支持证据冲突的概率进行重新分配.仿真分析表明,新的合成公式提高了目标识别的准确性,对于高度冲突的证据,也能够取得理想的合成结果.     

不确定性推理方法研究

对3种最常用的不确定性推理方法进行了分析和评述:概率推理、D-S证据推理和模糊推理。分别针对不同类型的不确定性。概率推理针对的是"事件发生与否不确定"这样的不确定性。D-S证据推理针对的是"分不清"或"不知道"这样的不确定性。模糊推理则是针对概念内涵或外延不清晰这样的不确定性。概率推理的理论体系是严密的,但其推理结果有赖可信的先验概率和条件概率。D-S证据推理是不可信的,但在一定条件下可以转化为概率推理问题来处理。模糊推理是一种很有发展潜力的推理方法,主要问题是推理规则需要具体设计,且设计好坏决定推理结果。     

一种改进的证据组合规则在可靠性评估中的应用

对许多长寿产品进行可靠性评估时,客观实验数据往往难以获取。在试验数据短缺的情况下,就要正确处理专家经验和对相似产品的可靠性认识等不确定信息。为了有效合理地利用这些不确定信息,提出了一种基于Dempster-Shafer证据理论(DST)的可靠性评估方法,针对传统证据理论在处理冲突证据时的不足,用加权证据方法对其组合规则进行了修正。算例实验表明了该方法在有"干扰证据"存在的情况下评估结果的有效性和合理性。     

基于改进D-S证据理论的雷达生存效能

为了综合分析雷达的生存效能,通过调整非关键因素和不确定因素的基本可信度对证据理论中证据合成规则进行了改进,并基于改进D-S证据理论提出了雷达生存效能评估模型.改进后的证据合成规则不仅减小了证据的冲突,而且仍然满足证据的基本可信度之和为1的基本要求,保持Dempster合成规则所具有的可交换性.通过雷达生存效能模型应用的一个实际例子计算表明,证据理论是一种科学的效能评估方法,具有可行性和实用性,改进后的证据合成规则能够较好地分析雷达的生存效能.     

基于改进合成规则的弹头目标综合识别方法

为了提高多传感器弹头目标综合识别能力,提出了一种改进的证据合成规则。通过证据可靠性的AHP评估与分析,计算出证据的权重系数。并通过证据间的夹角余弦计算证据的可信度,得到证据的一致性偏差。根据证据的权重系数及一致性偏差计算其冲突概率分配系数。基于冲突概率的全局分配对多传感器的识别证据进行融合。实例分析表明,该方法能够有效降低弹头目标决策层融合识别的风险,提高弹头目标综合识别的鲁棒性和准确性。     

基于模糊集和证据推理方法的武器系统可靠性评估

提出了一种评估武器系统可靠性的新方法。在这种方法中,武器系统中各组成部分及零部件的可靠性用模糊语言变量来表示,利用证据推理方法合成各子系统零部件的可靠性评估结果,提高了各子系统的可靠性水平。文中以某高炮系统的可靠性评估阐述了该方法的应用情况     

基于不确定度的ATS评估系统设计与实现

ATS测量结果直接影响信号分析的准确性,保证测量结果的可信度对装备测试及故障诊断具有重要意义.首先以ATS中仪器资源的工作频率为分类原则,在此基础上建立了ATS的低频和高频测试通道模型,然后对测量不确定度理论进行了阐述,并设计了ATS测量不确定度评估系统.最后以万用表通道为例对ATS测量不确定度评定实现予以说明,保证了测量结果的完备性、一致性和可靠性要求.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.     

The UK,interrogation and Iraq, 2003–2008

The UK’s interrogation operations during the conflict in Iraq (2003–2008) are often portrayed by the media as involving significant amounts of mistreatment. This article demonstrates that these practices are not necessarily representative of the UK’s interrogation operations across this conflict. In doing so it contributes to the limited literature on the practice of interrogation and on the UK’s combat operations in Iraq. The UK’s interrogation capability, and therefore its intelligence-gathering capability, is shown to have rested primarily with the military’s Joint Forward Interrogation Team (JFIT). The JFIT suffered from limitations to the number, training and experience of its interrogators and interpreters. It is argued that maintaining a permanent, higher level of preparedness for interrogation by the British armed forces is desirable.     

Remembering and forgetting Mirambo: Histories of war in modern Africa

ABSTRACT

While the study of organised violence is considered essential to understanding the history of the West, and accordingly imbued with various layers of meaning and remembrance, war is widely regarded as inimical to the modern nation in Africa and stable development more broadly. Using examples drawn from primarily from East Africa, this paper considers the ways in which warfare in the deeper (‘precolonial’) past has been framed and envisioned in recent decades, in particular by governments whose own roots lie in revolutionary armed struggle and who began life as guerrilla movements. While in some cases particular elements of the deeper past were indeed mobilised in pursuit of contemporary political goals, in many other scenarios histories of precolonial violence were beheld as problematic and unworthy of remembrance. This paper highlights the paradox and ambiguity which has attended the memory of key aspects of Africa’s deeper past.