潜艇规避水面舰艇编队搜索的效能分析

潜艇规避水面舰艇编队搜索是潜艇作战的重要组成部分,是潜艇完成作战任务的前提和保证.在水面舰艇对潜搜索的特点和编队对潜搜索有效宽度的分析基础之上,对潜艇规避搜索效能进行了研究,提出了潜艇规避水面舰艇编队搜索的基本模型,并针对不同情况分析了潜艇规避水面舰艇编队搜索的效能.最后,针对不同情况对潜艇如何规避水面舰艇编队搜索提出了具体的规避方法,规避方法贴近潜艇部队训练实际,切实可行,对提高潜艇规避水面舰艇编队搜索的效能具有指导意义.     

水下作战平台对水面舰艇编队群体识别

根据潜艇对水面舰艇编队威胁判断所需,运用聚类理论探索潜艇对水面舰艇编队的识别问题.基于潜艇可以获取的目标信息,采取欧氏距离测度的ISODATA群体聚类与辅助信息识别相结合的方法,将目标按群体归类形成编队,并得到编队成员的隶属情况.该方法能够为潜艇指挥员提供编队目标感知,使其对战场态势的宏观把握成为可能.     

水面舰艇编队对潜攻击决策研究

为解决水面舰艇编队对多潜艇攻击决策难的问题,分析确定了影响潜艇威胁度的目标属性,并依据模糊多因素多层次评判理论和遗传算法,建立了潜艇威胁度评估模型和编队舰艇对潜作战火力分配模型;在确定了影响潜艇威胁度的潜艇机动性能、携带武器性能、距离、速度、舷角和深度6个属性的权重的基础之上,运用模糊多因素多层次评判方法,得出了潜艇威...     

应召平行搜索方法的多舰协同搜潜概率

在对舰载拖曳线列阵声纳搜潜原理及多舰应召平行搜索方法研究的基础上,建立了在潜艇初始位置已知、航向及航速未知的条件下,多艘舰艇利用拖曳线列阵声纳对潜艇目标进行搜索的数学模型,采用蒙特卡罗方法仿真分析了舰艇与潜艇最大速度比值,舰艇组成搜索队形位置点与最后发现潜艇位置点之间的距离,舰艇之间间距与舰艇声纳作用距离的比值,及最后发现潜艇时刻到舰艇开始搜索时刻所需时间等因素对搜潜概率的影响,获得了有益的效果。     

潜艇对水面舰艇编队威胁判断

水面舰艇编队协同反潜样式对潜艇作战综合决策中的威胁判断提出了新的研究课题.基于编队协同反潜的特点,将编队攻击意图系数、编队攻击时效性系数和编队攻击达成系数引入威胁判断指标,从编队攻击意图、攻击紧迫性和攻击成功可能性三个方面构建潜艇对水面舰艇编队的威胁判断模型体系.该模型体系将威胁判断适用范围拓展至多目标编队领域,使得对...     

基于模糊AHP评判的舰艇编队防空队形优化研究

针对队形变化给编队防空能力带来的五个方面的影响,建立了编队防空队形综合评判的指标体系,并应用模糊层次分析法建立了编队防空队形优选模型。以驱逐舰艇为例,求出了在一定条件下的最佳防空队形——菱形队形。该模型简单易行,容易在计算机上实现,初步解决了编队防空队形优选问题。     

NCW背景下的潜艇对水面舰艇编队威胁判断

针对网络中心战(NCW)背景下水面舰艇编队反潜的实际情况,采用层次分析理论探究潜艇对水面舰艇编队的威胁判断问题。将编队攻击意图系数和编队攻击达成系数引入威胁判断,从编队攻击意图推理、攻击紧迫程度和攻击达成可能性三个方面建立了潜艇对于威胁的总体感知模型框架。该模型框架较之以往更全面地考虑了水面舰艇编队对潜艇的威胁因素,为下一步刻画潜艇对威胁的感知提供基础。     

水面舰艇编队防潜队形优化研究

针对舰艇编队防潜队形选择的主观性问题,探讨了三角模糊数理论在舰艇编队防潜队形选择中的应用.采用三角模糊综合评价模型对典型方案队形进行评价优选,得出了最佳防潜队形--菱形队形.构建了只有输出(输入)的DEA模型,对典型防潜队形进行了有效性分析.     

水声对抗线导鱼雷中的舰艇规避航向优化策略分析

利用传统经验值得出了舰艇在布放噪声干扰器后干扰潜艇平台的机动规避航向和舰艇布放声诱饵后远离鱼雷的机动规避航向。考虑到舰艇在布放声诱饵后远离鱼雷的规避过程中不可能时刻保持直航,又利用运筹学优化原理,将舰艇远离鱼雷的机动规避航向问题归结为有约束的目标函数优化问题,利用求解非线性规划的方法得到了舰艇的最佳机动规避范围。     

潜艇伴随护航最佳配置距离及其应用

舰艇编队航渡过程中面临敌潜艇威胁严重,潜艇伴随护航是最常用的反潜警戒方式。通过建立敌潜艇威胁方位、配置潜艇警戒方位以及警戒效能模型并进行仿真计算,发现潜艇伴随护航存在最佳配置距离,且最佳配置距离可用于确定直接伴随护航配置距离、跳跃式伴随护航活动范围,以及不同性能潜艇之间的错位配置距离等,具有较为重要的实际意义。     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

The UK,interrogation and Iraq, 2003–2008

The UK’s interrogation operations during the conflict in Iraq (2003–2008) are often portrayed by the media as involving significant amounts of mistreatment. This article demonstrates that these practices are not necessarily representative of the UK’s interrogation operations across this conflict. In doing so it contributes to the limited literature on the practice of interrogation and on the UK’s combat operations in Iraq. The UK’s interrogation capability, and therefore its intelligence-gathering capability, is shown to have rested primarily with the military’s Joint Forward Interrogation Team (JFIT). The JFIT suffered from limitations to the number, training and experience of its interrogators and interpreters. It is argued that maintaining a permanent, higher level of preparedness for interrogation by the British armed forces is desirable.     

Remembering and forgetting Mirambo: Histories of war in modern Africa

ABSTRACT

While the study of organised violence is considered essential to understanding the history of the West, and accordingly imbued with various layers of meaning and remembrance, war is widely regarded as inimical to the modern nation in Africa and stable development more broadly. Using examples drawn from primarily from East Africa, this paper considers the ways in which warfare in the deeper (‘precolonial’) past has been framed and envisioned in recent decades, in particular by governments whose own roots lie in revolutionary armed struggle and who began life as guerrilla movements. While in some cases particular elements of the deeper past were indeed mobilised in pursuit of contemporary political goals, in many other scenarios histories of precolonial violence were beheld as problematic and unworthy of remembrance. This paper highlights the paradox and ambiguity which has attended the memory of key aspects of Africa’s deeper past.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

SIM—LISP:一个通信网络管理专家系统外壳的设计与实现

本文介绍了笔者为开发名为OONMES的网络管理专家系统所实现的一个简单专家系统工具SIM-LISP。SIM-LISP是一个用C/C++语言来实现的模拟LISP语言的可调用函数集,它短小精巧,速度快,可以完成针对网管专家系统的事实或规则知识的表示、匹配、合一和推理等基本操作,并有与知识对象的连接功能,是网管专家系统内核实现的支撑环境。     

Al Qaida on the US invasion of Afghanistan in their own words

This article consists of selected translations from captured interviews and dairies of Al Qaida members. The time period covered is from mid-2001 to early 2002 and concerns their operations in Afghanistan. The material clearly conveys a range of emotion, from confident to despondent, as well as efforts to contest the US actions. The first several pages give the reader context and some possible “lessons learned,” but the story(ies) are best told by the Al Qaida members themselves. All names are pseudonyms.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.