时域超宽带紧缩场雷达目标特性测量系统研究与开发

介绍时域超宽带雷达目标特性测量系统的工作原理及测量软件的开发过程。首次将数字取样示波器应用于紧缩场,研究测量原理,给出系统结构及测量流程图,开发超宽带紧缩场暗室雷达目标特性测量系统,包括雷达散射截面测量、极化散射矩阵测量和微波成像等模块。最后给出该系统测量获得的部分数据。     

舰炮射击海上弹着点声学测量方法及精度仿真

本文提出了利用声传感器测量舰炮射击海上弹着点的方法,并建立了基本方程。对测量系统的原理和测量信息的传输方式进行了分析,在此基础上,对声传感器位置误差、测时误差及二者综合作用对测量精度的影响分别进行了仿真计算,证明测量原理可行,测量精度满足要求。     

压力测量膜片的形变计算

电容式压力传感器测量膜片的形变,决定了计算压力测量环节中电容值的数学模型.介绍了测量膜片形变方程的建立、推导并对压力测量膜片在不同载荷下的形变特性进行了分析和计算,克服了原有测量膜片形变规律的错误模式.     

可配置高精度火工装置测试仪的设计与实现北大核心

为提高型号火工装置阻值测量设备的通用性和测量的自动化程度,提出了一种基于四线制测量方法的测试方案,通过开关矩阵的切换配置不同测量通道,对不同测量通道被测电阻上产生的m V级电压值进行差分运算放大,对放大后的电压值进行A/D转换得到电压的数字量,通过微处理器进行数字滤波处理,将最终的电阻值进行显示、存储和传输处理。相对于目前使用的火工装置阻值测量设备极大的提高了测量通用性和测量自动化程度。     

微型桥梁索力测量毫米波雷达

在详细分析拉索雷达散射特性、频率法索力反演原理和拉索频率雷达测量原理的基础上,设计研制了一种77 GHz毫米波微型索力测量雷达,并给出了针对作用距离、精度和测量动态性能的系统约束参数集.与24 GHz K波段形变测量雷达进行比较,结果表明,所研制的毫米波微型索力测量雷达具有体积、质量和功耗小的技术特点,工程应用价值较大...     

基于不确定度的ATS评估系统设计与实现

ATS测量结果直接影响信号分析的准确性,保证测量结果的可信度对装备测试及故障诊断具有重要意义.首先以ATS中仪器资源的工作频率为分类原则,在此基础上建立了ATS的低频和高频测试通道模型,然后对测量不确定度理论进行了阐述,并设计了ATS测量不确定度评估系统.最后以万用表通道为例对ATS测量不确定度评定实现予以说明,保证了测量结果的完备性、一致性和可靠性要求.     

利用期间核查确定测量设备校准间隔

按照预定的日程实施测量设备再校准，是实验室一个通用的做法，ISO／IEC17025《检测和校准实验室能力的通用要求》要求，在测量过程中应按照经济合理的日程插入期间核查，以证实测量设备是否处于校准技术状态。本文打破以时间周期确定测量设备校准间隔的传统模式，探讨以测量设备测量被测对象的多少（即测量设备使用的频繁程度）为基础，利用期间核查实时发现测量设备校准技术状态的变化，从而确定测量设备校准间隔的新模式。     

数字化激光弹丸速度测量技术研究

数字化激光光幕将互相关算法应用到弹丸初速测量领域,明显提高了在复杂干扰环境下弹丸速度测量的精度和可靠性。实现了一套测量系统满足所有平射弹丸速度测量需求的目的。     

应用全站仪综合测量火炮偏离角及俯仰半径

提出一种应用全站仪进行火炮偏离角和俯仰半径的综合测量方法。应用最小二乘原理拟合出火炮俯仰半径,然后解算出火炮偏离角,并用Monte Carlo方法分析了测量结果的精度。结果表明:全站仪高低角和火炮仰角的测量精度均对火炮偏离角和俯仰半径的测量结果无明显影响;全站仪测距精度对火炮俯仰半径测量结果的影响较大;全站仪水平角测量精度对火炮偏离角测量结果的影响明显。该方法在现场操作时需要重点关注全站仪水平观测角和测距的检测精度。     

GPS在小地区测量控制网建立中的应用

小地区测量控制网的建立方法通常采用导线测量,当测区没有高等级已知控制点而又要求采用国家统一坐标系统时,必须进行平面坐标和高程引测,如果已知控制点远离测区,使用导线测量方法进行引测既花费时间又增加误差,从而降低了作业效率和测量精度。结合马家堡校区测量控制网的建立,提出了一种用GPS技术进行平面坐标和高程引测,用全站仪导线建立小地区测量控制网的组合方法,实际测量结果证明了该方法的有效性与实用性。     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

The UK,interrogation and Iraq, 2003–2008

The UK’s interrogation operations during the conflict in Iraq (2003–2008) are often portrayed by the media as involving significant amounts of mistreatment. This article demonstrates that these practices are not necessarily representative of the UK’s interrogation operations across this conflict. In doing so it contributes to the limited literature on the practice of interrogation and on the UK’s combat operations in Iraq. The UK’s interrogation capability, and therefore its intelligence-gathering capability, is shown to have rested primarily with the military’s Joint Forward Interrogation Team (JFIT). The JFIT suffered from limitations to the number, training and experience of its interrogators and interpreters. It is argued that maintaining a permanent, higher level of preparedness for interrogation by the British armed forces is desirable.     

Remembering and forgetting Mirambo: Histories of war in modern Africa

ABSTRACT

While the study of organised violence is considered essential to understanding the history of the West, and accordingly imbued with various layers of meaning and remembrance, war is widely regarded as inimical to the modern nation in Africa and stable development more broadly. Using examples drawn from primarily from East Africa, this paper considers the ways in which warfare in the deeper (‘precolonial’) past has been framed and envisioned in recent decades, in particular by governments whose own roots lie in revolutionary armed struggle and who began life as guerrilla movements. While in some cases particular elements of the deeper past were indeed mobilised in pursuit of contemporary political goals, in many other scenarios histories of precolonial violence were beheld as problematic and unworthy of remembrance. This paper highlights the paradox and ambiguity which has attended the memory of key aspects of Africa’s deeper past.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.