关于我国发展新型固定翼舰载机的几点建议

随着我国航母事业的发展,舰载机研发与制造产业得到了相应的发展。但是由于我国舰载机研发与制造产业起步晚,舰载机在技术性能等方面相比于西方国家还存在一定差距。文章以美国F-35"闪电Ⅱ"飞机研发历程为依据,对我国发展新型固定翼舰载机在设计、研发和维护等方面提出了建议,总结了值得我国研发人员借鉴的经验和教训。     

不同起降方式的舰载机作战能力对比分析

为优选航母舰载机发展建设方案,对不同起降方式的舰载机作战能力进行了对比分析。对滑跃起飞/阻拦着舰、弹射起飞/阻拦着舰和短距起飞/垂直着舰3种典型起降方式的舰载机甲板作业流程进行了分析,研究了不同起降方式下甲板作业的约束条件;构建了舰载机出动架次评估模型,对比分析了3种起降方式的舰载机出动能力;提出舰载机遂行航母防空作战任务的最优飞行甲板空中作业计划方法,对比分析了3种起降方式的舰载机空中阵位连续部署时间。应用仿真案例对关键参数进行了灵敏度分析,进一步验证了模型的可行性和有效性。     

考虑逃逸复飞队列饱和度的舰载机回收策略

从舰载机回收问题的应用实际出发,考虑待回收舰载机战损、飞行员受伤等有别于民机的独特性因素,基于舰载机典型回收模式提出一种考虑逃逸复飞队列饱和度的回收策略。在减轻着舰指挥官和通信系统工作负担、降低舰载机飞行员操作强度、提升舰载机飞行安全性的基础上,考虑到舰载机回收是一个概率事件,通过概率分析动态设计专用回收点,解决了逃逸复飞队列与正常待机队列中舰载机抢夺回收点资源的问题,为舰载机回收提供了一个新的解决方案。     

航母的机库

航母的机库是用来安全停放舰载机和对舰载机进行护维修以及飞行准备作业的重要航空舱室,对舰载机保持良好的技术状态和高的出勤率具有重要的保障作用。为能够容纳规定数量的舰载机,机库占用航母上庞大的空间,并按预定的舰载机停放架数设置相应的停机位置和保证舰载机在停机位置的可靠系留。为保障舰载机在机库甲板上的平面调运,机库内设置有牵引装置。为保障舰载机在机库与飞行甲板之间的升降调运,配设     

航母作战部署进程中的舰载机出动架次规划研究

首先对航母作战部署进程中舰载机出动架次问题进行了分析,论述了因舰载机发射回收而产生的航母航行部署偏差问题;以最大化舰载机防御态势和最小化部署偏差为目标,构建了航母作战部署进程中的舰载机出动架次规划的目标函数和约束条件,提出了基于多目标规划模型的航母作战部署进程中的舰载机出动架次规划模型,并对目标函数进行了线性化处理;针对目标模型求解的复杂难度大的特点,采用降维法对航母作战部署进程中的舰载机出动架次规划模型进行求解。最后,构建了航母作战部署进程中的舰载机出动架次规划的典型案例,仿真结果表明,所提出的模型能够有效求解出舰载机出动架次规划方案,验证了模型的有效性。     

基于人员分配的舰载机出动调运指挥模型

为提高舰载机出动率，最大限度减少保障人员平均工作时间，提出一种基于人员分配的舰载机出动调运指挥模型。对舰载机出动调运保障工作时序、能力及流程进行分析；根据舰载机出动调运保障的特点，建立基于人员分配的舰载机出动调运指挥模型，对舰载机出动调运指挥进行优化，并结合实例验证了模型的可行性。结果表明，该模型能提高舰载机的飞行保障效率，减少保障人员的工作量。     

航母舰栽机起降方式及利弊分析

舰载机作为航母的最重要作战武器平台，其起飞与降落方式不仅影响到舰载机装备性能的发挥，而且也会影响到舰载机的起降效率和安全。起降方式是各国航母装备发展所要解决的重要环节。     

美国航母航渡过程中的飞行作业优化

在美国航母航渡过程中,舰载机飞行作业优化的主要目的是决定舰载机的弹射和回收顺序,一方面使防御态势最优,同时确保航母能在指定的时间内抵达目的地,舰载机飞行作业优化还需要考虑其他限制条件,包括环境条件和军事判断等。在进行飞行作业优化时,关键概念之一是飞行作业周期,舰载机从离开航母到完成一项任务后返回母舰附近,为一个周期。在这个周期的末期,舰载机可以选择着舰,也可以选择在空中加油,当舰载机再次离开航母的时候,就已进入了下一个周期。在航母航渡过程中,舰载机飞行作业逐波次     

基于改进遗传算法的舰载机出库调度优化方法

舰载机出库最优调度方案是合理编排一批次舰载机出库顺序,使目标舰载机在最短的时间内调出机库。提出舰载机出库调度方案4步单目标优化方法。第1步实现舰载机数量分配功能;第2步依靠遗传算法,实现舰载机选择功能,寻找最优出库组合方案;第3步根据优先级规则对舰载机出库作业进行排序,从而得到最优出库方案的舰载机调度序列;第4步找出需要倒机的舰载机并根据一定规则进行整理后,得到出库作业序列。最后,建立模拟机库验证调度方案的优化方法可行、高效。     

基于Petri网的舰载机出库调度建模方法

舰载机出库作业调度效率是完成舰船作战效能的重要保证。分析了舰载机出库作业调度建模方法问题。基于Petri网技术理论,建立舰载机出库逻辑关系Petri网模型。基于机库内舰载机出库作业决策过程,建立舰载机出库作业四阶段决策的数学模型。最后给出优化算法流程并进行验证。     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.     

Country survey XVI the defence sector in the economy of a declining superpower: Soviet Union and Russia, 1965-2001

The Soviet Union was able to develop a large military-industrial complex and become the world's second superpower despite deficiencies in its centrally planned economy because defence was given high priority status and special planning, rationing and administrative mechanisms were used to attain national security objectives. However, in the period 1976-85 the effectiveness of priority protection diminished and defence institutions experienced more of the problems typical of the shortage economic system. The heavy defence burden also created growing difficulties for the civilian economy. The attempts by the Gorbachev government to reform the defence sector and improve defence-economic relationships during perestroika (1985-91) uniformly failed. For most of the transition period, the Russian military-industrial complex has been adversely affected by its low priority status, cuts in defence spending, instability of the hybrid politico-economic system, and negative growth of the economy. The armed forces and defence industry have been reduced in size and their outputs of military services and equipment have fallen to low levels. Nevertheless, the Russian armed forces still have over one million troops, significant stocks of sophisticated conventional weapons, and a large nuclear arsenal. The government of President Putin has raised the priority of the defence sector, increased real defence spending, and adopted ambitious plans to revive Russian military power. It is likely, though, that tight resource constraints will hamper efforts to reform the armed forces and to upgrade weapons. By 2010 Russia will be an important, but not dominant, military power in Eurasia.     

Traffickers,terrorists, and a ‘new security challenge’: Russian counternarcotics strategy and the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade

The collapse of the Soviet Union precipitated the massive expansion of drug use and trade in Russia. The country now has one of the largest populations of injecting drug users in the world and has become the largest single-country market for Afghan heroin. In 2003 the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade was created to coordinate a comprehensive counternarcotics strategy appropriate to the scale of this threat. The service continues to face a number of challenges in its early stages of development. However, it has made considerable advances in improving responses to large-scale organised crime and in building international cooperation.