潜艇深度安全操纵面及其控制技术

在分析现代潜艇高速、大潜深机动潜在风险的基础上,从保障潜艇深度安全的角度出发,提出了对传统十字形尾升降舵的技术改进途径,分析了适用的尾操纵面结构形式,并对先进的大小舵方案的结构形式、使用方式及十安形尾升降舵的舵角限制技术进行了阐述。理论研究表明:上述措施能有效地改善潜艇的深度安全性。     

潜艇垂直面操纵中“静载潜浮点曲线”及其应用

本文在潜艇垂直面运动对于静载操纵响应的基础上引进“静载潜浮点”的概念,对它的计算和应用作些初步的探讨。并根据潜艇静载操纵的实际手段绘出了“××型”潜艇静载潜浮点曲线,它和瞬态响应曲线一起构成了潜艇安全操纵的重要依据。文中,也列举了目前部队潜艇操纵中应该注意的问题和采取的措施,解释了一些直观感觉容易产生错误的地方,对于潜艇操纵人员有一定的参考价值。本文得到的基本结论和计算方法对其它类型潜艇同样适用。     

潜艇承载力分析和动力抗沉操纵方法研究

在分析潜艇受力的基础上,根据潜艇的操纵规则,给出承载力的计算方法,分析了影响潜艇承载力的因素,设计了一套用于指导潜艇动力抗沉操纵的承载力图谱.以某一假想潜艇为例,说明了承载力图谱的绘制和使用方法.     

潜艇舵卡的安全性分析和挽回

本文根据潜艇操纵运动特性,分析了危险最大的舵卡特点,提出了降低卡舵影响的安全对策;结合实操讨论了倒车、停车及操方向舵满舵挽回的时机、特点及其有效性。     

破损潜艇应急起浮操纵控制研究

在建立高压气应急吹除模型的基础上,通过计算机模拟仿真对高压气吹除过程中计算型潜艇应急上浮的主要参数进行计算和分析,给出了艏部破损和舯部破损时操纵安全界限图中的进水限制线,提高了潜艇应急上浮操纵的安全性.     

一种临界速度估算方法及其对潜艇隐蔽作战的影响

考虑到潜艇航行速度对其隐蔽作战具有重要影响,提出了一种可行的临界速度估算方法,在螺旋桨以及潜艇的外形已经确定的前提下,计算出潜艇在不同航行深度时适用于隐蔽攻击的航行速度范围,并给出了两型潜艇临界速度随深度变化的曲线.计算分析结果表明:临界速度主要与潜艇所在深度有关,航行深度越大,潜艇进行隐蔽攻击的允许速度也越大;潜艇可...     

为什么潜艇有“翅膀”和“尾巴”

小鸟能在天空中飞翔,靠的是翅膀;飞机能飞上蓝天,靠的是机翼;潜艇在大海里自由地航行,也需要有“翅膀”。潜艇的“翅膀”就是舵翼。人们称它为升降舵。由于它是水平地安装在潜艇上的,因此,人们又叫它水平舵。它能操纵潜艇上下升降,保持或改变潜艇在水中的深度。现代潜艇上都装有两个比较特殊的升降舵,一个安装在艇艏,一个安装在艇艉。艇艏的叫艇艏升降舵,艇艉的叫艇艉     

潜艇近水面深度滑模模糊控制仿真研究

根据潜艇近水面航行操纵控制过程的特点,设计了一种潜艇深度滑模模糊控制自动舵(SMFC)。其基本原理是在滑模控制中应用模糊逻辑控制,通过模糊控制器逼近滑模控制的非线性切换函数,达到抑制滑模控制抖振的目的。然后,对潜艇在无外界干扰和近水面航行受波浪力干扰两种情况下的深度控制进行了仿真。仿真实验结果表明:SMFC控制可以获得较好的深度保持性能,并且具有较强的抗干扰能力。与PID控制相比,SMFC控制的控制品质有了明显提高。     

潜艇水下低速航行时的安全操纵控制技术

针对潜艇水下低速航行时的操艇安全问题,在对潜艇水下低速航行工况的概念和使用时机进行分析的基础上,根据艇体和首、尾水平舵的水动力特性,结合实艇使用经验,研究并总结出潜艇水下低速航行时的安全操纵控制技术。这些技术对保障潜艇在水下低速航行时的操艇安全具有实际指导意义。     

潜艇航空器实现战术情报

据1997年4月“Signal”杂志报道,潜艇航空器可实现战术情报。在潜艇下潜巡航时,美海军潜艇指挥官可使用试验作战的无人操纵的航空器指挥自己的空军。有专门舰载作战小组的洛杉矶攻击潜艇,从潜艇控制站放出航空平台,借助桅杆天线操纵飞机。     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

The UK,interrogation and Iraq, 2003–2008

The UK’s interrogation operations during the conflict in Iraq (2003–2008) are often portrayed by the media as involving significant amounts of mistreatment. This article demonstrates that these practices are not necessarily representative of the UK’s interrogation operations across this conflict. In doing so it contributes to the limited literature on the practice of interrogation and on the UK’s combat operations in Iraq. The UK’s interrogation capability, and therefore its intelligence-gathering capability, is shown to have rested primarily with the military’s Joint Forward Interrogation Team (JFIT). The JFIT suffered from limitations to the number, training and experience of its interrogators and interpreters. It is argued that maintaining a permanent, higher level of preparedness for interrogation by the British armed forces is desirable.     

Remembering and forgetting Mirambo: Histories of war in modern Africa

ABSTRACT

While the study of organised violence is considered essential to understanding the history of the West, and accordingly imbued with various layers of meaning and remembrance, war is widely regarded as inimical to the modern nation in Africa and stable development more broadly. Using examples drawn from primarily from East Africa, this paper considers the ways in which warfare in the deeper (‘precolonial’) past has been framed and envisioned in recent decades, in particular by governments whose own roots lie in revolutionary armed struggle and who began life as guerrilla movements. While in some cases particular elements of the deeper past were indeed mobilised in pursuit of contemporary political goals, in many other scenarios histories of precolonial violence were beheld as problematic and unworthy of remembrance. This paper highlights the paradox and ambiguity which has attended the memory of key aspects of Africa’s deeper past.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.