面向任务的随舰备件配置方法

研究了多阶段任务成功概率的计算方法,根据舰船多阶段任务的特点,建立了随舰备件配置模型.提出了系统修整过程中确定备件配置方案的分析方法与系统执行任务过程中基于粒子群算法的备件配置模型.经实例分析表明:该模型既满足了任务成功概率的要求,又充分利用了舰船排水量和宝贵的备件存储空间,对于随舰备件的配置具有普遍的适用性.     

舰船的排水量与吨位

舰船的排水量指什么?排水量指舰船自由漂浮在静水中,保持静态平衡时所排开的水的质量。根据阿基米德定律,舰船排开的水的重量等于舰船本身的重量,因此,"排水量"这个数据指标反映的是军舰的总质量。     

日本“大隅”：变相的两栖攻击舰

1996年11月18日，日本海军战后最大的自称为“坦克登陆舰”的“大隅”号缓缓下水。该舰的建成，创下了战后日本海军舰艇史上数个第一：舰体长度第一；作战舰艇中标准排水量第一；在两栖舰船中，第一次采用隐形设计。     

对于两栖战舰发展战略的思考

进入新世纪以来，许多国家海军如雨后春笋般接连推出各种新式两栖战舰。美国海军自不待说，两栖攻击舰、船坞运输舰、船坞登陆舰等大型两栖舰船的研发与建造持续升温，其他国家海军发展两栖舰船也亳不示弱，如印度、澳大利亚等国海军都在加紧购买或发展适合本国特点和海上安全需要的两栖战舰，东亚地区的我国两个近邻——日本和韩国发展两栖舰船的势头尤为猛烈。日本早在2003年就建造了3艘满载排水量1．3万吨的“大隅”级船坞运输舰，此后又于2007年8月下水了满载排水量达1．8万吨的“日向”号16DDH直升机驱逐舰。     

美国鳐鱼级核潜艇

在建造“鹦鹉螺”号和“海狼”号核潜艇时,美国海军舰船局便建议在1955和1956财政年度再建造4艘排水量较小且造价较低的新型号攻击型核潜艇,这就是“鳐鱼”(Skate)级攻击型核潜艇。从某种意义上讲, “鹦鹉螺”号和“海狼”号核潜艇均是一边摸索一边研制设计,带有试验潜艇的性质。基本设计特点是以核反应堆为     

基于相关性模型的舰船装备测试性分析与建模

为了提高舰船装备的综合诊断能力,在舰船设计、研制阶段就必须进行装备测试性设计工作。为此,根据舰船装备测试性要求,对装备进行了故障模式影响分析,确定了装备在设计和制造过程中所有可能的故障模式,以及每一故障模式的原因和影响,据此对装备功能和结构进行了划分。然后,利用相关性模型对舰船装备进行测试性分析与建模,建立了舰船装备组成单元的相关性图示模型、数学模型,并运用考虑可靠性和费用的优选方法,建立了舰船装备诊断树,得到舰船装备的测试方案。算例分析表明:该研究可有效提高舰船装备测试的效率,提升测试的经济性。     

“斯维尔德洛夫”级轻巡洋舰

在二战期间,苏联与英美是盟友,苏联广泛接触了英美两国建造的水面舰艇,对他们的舰船设计思想、使用思想有所了解。依据这些经验,苏联在一定程度上调整了自己的舰船设计思想。"斯维尔德洛夫"级(68bis)就是这一时期的产物,它是苏联二战后建造的第一批大型水面舰艇,也是世界上最后一级火炮巡洋舰。"斯维尔德洛夫"级总长210米,宽22米,标准排水量13600吨,满载排水量16400吨,远超过了《华盛顿条约》中对轻巡洋舰的限定。但该舰主炮口径为152毫米,在二战后     

大型舰船平台购置费投资分布及控制

针对大型舰船平台购置费的特点,分析了其投资分布问题,利用龚伯兹曲线研究了在没有样本条件下的大型舰船平台购置费的投资分布,提出了基于生命周期曲线的大型舰船平台购置费投资分布模型,并用具体实例验证了模型的可行性。在大型舰船平台购置费投资分布研究以及总结对比武器装备费用控制方法的基础上,根据大型舰船平台购置费控制的特点,进行了大型舰船平台购置费控制问题的分析。针对原材料费用的控制,提出了基于材料纳期的费用控制方法;针对工时费用的控制,提出了基于国有单位平均工资指数的费用控制方法,并提出了大型舰船平台购置费控制的整体的观点。     

台军“基德”级驱逐舰及作战能力分析

美国向台湾出售的首批两艘“基德”级驱逐舰已于2005年12月17日服役。另外两艘“基德”舰也即将返台服役。该舰标准排水量近7000吨,是台军目前吨位最大的战舰。舰上配备“标准-2”舰空导弹、“密集阵”近程防御武器系统“、鱼叉”反舰导弹和MK32三联装反潜鱼雷发射器等武器系统,具备一定的防空、反舰、反潜和编队作战能力。一、基本性能根据2005～2006年版《简氏舰船年鉴》提供的数据“,基德”级驱逐舰长171.7米,宽16.8米,吃水6.2米,标准排水量6950吨,满载排水量9574吨,动力装置采用4座通用动力公司的LM2500燃气轮机,功率86000马力,航速33…     

英国皇家建造MK10通用登陆艇

英国宇航赛玛公司获得一项价值约350万英镑的合同,设计并建造10艘新一代MK10通用登陆艇。该艇作为英国皇家海军新型两栖作战运输坞舰“海神之子”号和“堡垒”号载运的登陆艇。新型通用登陆艇采用滚装、滚卸方式,用在两栖作战运输坞舰及其它两栖运输舰船与海岸之间输送部队和设备。与目前在“无畏”号上所使用的MK9型老式通用登陆艇进行比较,大大提高了使用效率。MK10通用登陆艇采用钢结构,艇长30米,空载排水量为170吨,满载排水量240吨。标准的有效载荷包括1辆主战坦克,或4辆运兵车,或120名全副武装的士兵和2辆雪地车。     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

Cyberpower in Strategic Affairs: Neither Unthinkable nor Blessed

Abstract

This article explores the effect of connectivity on strategic affairs. It argues that the effect on war's character is potentially, although not yet shown in practice, considerably large. Its effect upon the distribution of power among states in the international system is small, contrary to the claims of ‘cyberwar’ alarmists. All told, however, its effect upon strategic affairs is complex. On the one hand, it represents a significant advance in the ‘complexification’ of state strategies, understood in the sense of the production of intended effects. On the other hand, strategists today – still predominantly concerned with the conflicts and confrontations of states and organised military power – are generally missing the power which non-traditional strategic actors, better adapted to the network flows of the information age, are beginning to deploy. These new forms of organization and coercion will challenge the status quo.