坦克红外隐形涂料的设计

简要阐述了坦克红外隐形的重要性,并从涂料的红外发射率、太阳能吸收率、涂层的表面结构以及涂料的组分选择等方面提出了坦克红外隐形涂料的设计原则。     

隐身涂料的研究及发展现状

综述了隐身涂料的分类、研究及发展现状,包括可见光隐身涂料,红外隐身涂料,激光隐身涂料、雷迭隐身涂料,声呐隐身涂料和多功能隐身涂料等。     

飞机的红外隐身技术

目前采取的红外隐身措施主要是冷却、屏蔽、遮挡和红外隐身涂料等手段,降低或改变目标的红外辐射特征,实现对目标的低可探测性。概述了红外隐身技术的基本原理,通过对飞机红外隐身发展现状的分析,研究了飞机红外隐身技术所采取的措施。     

军事纵横

红外光是一种人的肉眼看不见的光波,它介于可见光见微服之间,波长为0.76微米到1毫米,是一种极普遍存在的光波。在自然界中,凡是温度高于绝对零度的物体都可产生红外光,但物体的温度不同,所幅射的红外光的波长也不一样。按波长不同可分为近红外、中红外和远红外,它们是光电对抗的重要组成部分。红外侦察。分为主动式红外侦察和被动式红外侦察。前看是根据人工红外幅射源(如探照灯、红外激光器等)照射并跟踪目标;后者则是利用自然幅射     

红外隐身一维光子晶体结构反射特性的理论分析

利用传递矩阵方法，研究作为红外隐身材料的PbTe／Na3A1F6一维光子晶体结构在中远红外波段的反射特性。结果表明：PbTe／Na3AlF6复合光子晶体结构在3～5μm和8～14μm波段具有很高的反射率。这为装备在中远红外的隐身应用提供了有益的探索。     

热红外伪装涂料用于新型填料的合成和应用

提出了降低热红外伪装涂料发射率的新途径,并据此进行研究,合成了一系列的新填料－席夫碱。利用环化胶,颜料,席夫碱配制了绿色和土黄色涂料,测得其最低发射率分别是０．６９和０．６３;对席夫碱影响涂料发射率的机理进行了初步研究。     

低发射率红外隐身涂料的研究

随着红外探测技术的飞速发展，未来战场的各种武器系统面临着严峻的考验。从抗红外探测的角度出发，分析实现红外隐身的技术途径；选择酚醛树脂作为基体，以铝粉、还原铁粉和铜粉为填料，研究制备了涂料，并测量涂层的红外发射率，结果表明：以铝粉和还原铁粉为填料的涂层红外发射率较低。     

红外光谱法在材料阻燃分析中的应用

介绍了红外光谱法在表征阻燃材料与防火涂料结构及研究其阻燃性能方面的应用,讨论了红外光谱分析技术在材料阻燃分析中的应用前景。     

三色红外伪装系统

在殆伪装系统的红外波段具有低、中、高热发射率的黑色,绿色、棕色伪装支组成。伪装目标 可见光区的颜色与自然背景相一致;红外区,通过不同发射率涂料、材料巧妙地组合或穿孔,使伪装目标表面平均发射率与周围背景相适应,使目标不易被红外探测仪所识别。该伪系统还可制作假目标。     

中国进入卫星微波遥感应用时代

正日前,中国在太原卫星发射中心用长征四号丙运载火箭成功将高分三号卫星送入预定轨道,发射圆满成功。高分三号是我国首颗多极化合成孔径雷达(SAR)卫星,能提供最高1米分辨率的遥感成像,是世界上分辨率最高的C频段多极化SAR卫星。高分三号卫星总指挥兼总设计师张庆君说:"高分三号卫星的发射和应用,把我国高分系统建设由可见光、热红外、远红外带入到     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Cyberpower in Strategic Affairs: Neither Unthinkable nor Blessed

Abstract

This article explores the effect of connectivity on strategic affairs. It argues that the effect on war's character is potentially, although not yet shown in practice, considerably large. Its effect upon the distribution of power among states in the international system is small, contrary to the claims of ‘cyberwar’ alarmists. All told, however, its effect upon strategic affairs is complex. On the one hand, it represents a significant advance in the ‘complexification’ of state strategies, understood in the sense of the production of intended effects. On the other hand, strategists today – still predominantly concerned with the conflicts and confrontations of states and organised military power – are generally missing the power which non-traditional strategic actors, better adapted to the network flows of the information age, are beginning to deploy. These new forms of organization and coercion will challenge the status quo.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.