军械工程学院学报1995第7卷总目录

1 7 13 18 23 29 35 40 45 35 75 70 58 64 49 3192,一22内‘内乙,‘2 24勺山内‘2肉乙,乙月峥422 5864 文题装备战场抢修研究现状及对策战场抢修力童建设与准备的思考·论战场损伤评佑与修复分析方法关于加强战场抢修法规建设的思考装备群战斗损伤模拟方法研究战斗恢复力定黄评枯模型初探战场抢修器材最优筹措浅谈战伤修理备件研究战场备件模型探讨现役装备以可靠性为中心的维修分析火炮的战场损伤评佑与修复海湾战争与舰船维修飞机战伤修理浅析飞机战伤修理分析与实施美国空军飞机战伤修理的发展及其对我们的启示一种炮瞄雷达故障诊断专家…     

天基信息支援下装备战场抢修有色Petri网模型研究

对天基信息支援下装备战场抢修活动过程进行了探索,运用Petri网建模工具建立了天基信息支援下装备战场抢修有色Petri网模型,将组织结构图、功能图和信息流动流程图集于一身,实现了系统的静态结构和动态过程的统一。模型直观、易于理解,对模型运行规则进行了详细说明,有利于仿真编程的实现。通过模型的深入研究,能够加深对天基信息支援下装备战场抢修规律的认识,进一步提高装备战场抢修能力。     

浅谈美军的战场抢修

战伤评估与修理(BDAR)(也称战场抢修)是指在战场上运用应急诊断与修理技术,迅速地对装备进行评估并根据需要快速修理战伤部位,使武器装备能够完成某项预定任务或实施自救的活动。美军真正开始重视战场抢修是近20多年的事情,第4次中东战争可以说是美国现代战场抢修发展的转折点。在那次战争中,以色列军队在头18小时内就有约77%的坦克丧失了战斗力,但是由于有效地实施了大量靠前修理(即维修装备和人员在战场实施就地抢修,而不是将损伤装备后送),失去战斗能力的坦克在不到24小时内就有80%恢复了战斗力,有些坦克甚至损坏-修复达5次之多,甚至在…     

装备战场抢修研究现状及对策

分析了装备战场抢修研究的发展现状,论述了系统研究战场抢修理论的必要性,并明确了战场损伤及战场抢修的定又、战场抢修研究的主要内容。根据我军实情,提出了关于我军开展装备战场抢修的一些建议。     

装备战损等级评定方法研究

在对战场抢修力量部署进行思考的基础上,分析了战损等级评定影响因素,研究了兼顾装备损伤程度与战场抢修力量设置的战损等级评定方法。从而为装备战场抢修任务分工,以及对损伤装备的处理决断提供了依据,并为开展广泛深入的战损等级评定研究奠定了基础。     

面向进攻作战任务的抢修对象任务重要度确定方法

针对战场抢修原则"先抢修指挥装备,后抢修战斗装备"和"先抢修主要方向的故障装备,后抢修次要方向的;先抢修第一梯队的,后抢修第二梯队的"缺乏定量化支撑的问题,进行了面向任务的抢修对象任务重要度确定方法研究。分析了抢修对象任务重要度的问题实质,剖析了作战装备间关联关系的分类及特点;综合考虑作战装备间的指控关系、协同关系以及装备自身属性,设计了基于复杂网络理论的抢修对象任务重要度确定方法,并通过算例验证了确定方法的有效性和合理性。     

导弹装备战场抢修交互式电子技术手册的制定

导弹装备战场抢修中无法快速、准确地在大量的纸质技术资料中找到所需技术信息,必须将其转换为电子文档,并设计导弹装备战场抢修交互式电子手册(IETM)。采用了基于贝叶斯网络诊断战场损伤的快速评估方法,以及面向任务的基于抢修经验与决策理论相结合的综合评价与决策方法,完成了该交互式电子手册的设计及相关功能的实现。该交互式电子手册能保证导弹装备在战场抢修中快速、准确找到所需技术信息的问题,提高了装备的维修效率,并对其他大型复杂装备交互式电子手册的设计也有指导和借鉴意义。     

战时装备维修保障力量抢修行动模型构建与求解

针对战时装备维修保障任务重、修理时间有限以及维修保障力量类型与待修装备损伤需求不匹配,难以实现战场精确保障的问题,进行了战时装备维修保障力量多目标行动控制研究。考虑修理时间窗、装备损伤状态、维修保障力量类型与维修保障能力变化以及非遍历性等复杂约束,构建了以装备重要度总和、修竣装备总和以及超出修理时间窗时间总和为目标的维修保障力量多目标抢修行动控制模型。对带精英策略的非支配排序遗传算法进行改进,结合变邻域搜索算法加强算法的局部搜索能力,设计了改进变邻域搜索和非支配排序遗传算法的混合算法实现模型求解,并通过示例验证了模型及算法的合理性和有效性。     

基于模糊随机Petri网的装备战场抢修模型

战场抢修是战时技术保障工作的重要内容。在装备战场抢修流程基础上建立随机Petri网,并同构为MC链,进行求解。针对战场抢修只需要在短时间内恢复一定程度作战能力的特点,将变迁速率引入模糊算子,构建出FSPN模型。用这两个方法验证具体算例,仿真结果表明后者具有直观、易用的优点,且结论更加符合实际情况。     

广义随机Petri网的装备战场抢修建模与分析

将广义随机Petri网(GSPN)的基本理论应用于装备战场抢修系统的建模与分析,考虑装备战场抢修过程中的各种因素,采用Petri网与马尔可夫理论相结合的装备战场抢修系统性能分析方法,为装备战场抢修系统性能的有效评估提供了理论依据.通过实例验证,该方法可用于分析装备抢修系统的时间性能和运作效率,为机关决策层提供参考.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.     

Country survey XVI the defence sector in the economy of a declining superpower: Soviet Union and Russia, 1965-2001

The Soviet Union was able to develop a large military-industrial complex and become the world's second superpower despite deficiencies in its centrally planned economy because defence was given high priority status and special planning, rationing and administrative mechanisms were used to attain national security objectives. However, in the period 1976-85 the effectiveness of priority protection diminished and defence institutions experienced more of the problems typical of the shortage economic system. The heavy defence burden also created growing difficulties for the civilian economy. The attempts by the Gorbachev government to reform the defence sector and improve defence-economic relationships during perestroika (1985-91) uniformly failed. For most of the transition period, the Russian military-industrial complex has been adversely affected by its low priority status, cuts in defence spending, instability of the hybrid politico-economic system, and negative growth of the economy. The armed forces and defence industry have been reduced in size and their outputs of military services and equipment have fallen to low levels. Nevertheless, the Russian armed forces still have over one million troops, significant stocks of sophisticated conventional weapons, and a large nuclear arsenal. The government of President Putin has raised the priority of the defence sector, increased real defence spending, and adopted ambitious plans to revive Russian military power. It is likely, though, that tight resource constraints will hamper efforts to reform the armed forces and to upgrade weapons. By 2010 Russia will be an important, but not dominant, military power in Eurasia.     

Traffickers,terrorists, and a ‘new security challenge’: Russian counternarcotics strategy and the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade

The collapse of the Soviet Union precipitated the massive expansion of drug use and trade in Russia. The country now has one of the largest populations of injecting drug users in the world and has become the largest single-country market for Afghan heroin. In 2003 the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade was created to coordinate a comprehensive counternarcotics strategy appropriate to the scale of this threat. The service continues to face a number of challenges in its early stages of development. However, it has made considerable advances in improving responses to large-scale organised crime and in building international cooperation.