科学技术发展对战争制胜机理影响研究

战争制胜机理是战争胜负规律的反映和体现,是制服对方、取得胜利的途径和方法。科学技术的进步,促进了军事技术和武器装备的发展,使战争形态从冷兵器战争、热兵器战争、机械化战争,发展到今天的信息化战争,经历了一个由量变到质变并逐步加速的过程,战争制胜机理也随之发生巨大变化。     

基于新兴作战概念视角下的现代战争制胜机理探析

<正>战争制胜机理,是指战争的制胜规律、路径以及方式方法。受到科技进步的推动、武器装备的变革、战争目的的变化等因素的制约,现代战争制胜机理也随之发生变化。习主席深刻指出：“现代战争确实发生了深刻变化。这些变化看上去眼花缭乱,但背后是有规律可循的,根本的是战争的制胜机理变了。”今天,以美国为首的世界军事强国都在加紧作战概念设计研究。深入分析新兴作战概念内涵特点,挖掘其内在逻辑,找准现代战争制胜机理,对于把握世界新军事变革机遇,打赢未来战争,意义重大。     

战争制胜机理的历史演变及启示

战争和科技发展密切相关,科学技术在军事上的应用,引起武器装备、编制体制、军事思想乃至战争形态等方面的重大变化,并推动战争制胜机理从体能制胜到信息制胜、从单元制胜到体系制胜。在战争制胜机理的历史演变过程中,虽然科技制胜思想逐渐引起重视,但政治与谋略制胜思想的重要性并没有发生改变,这几种思想交织融合共同构成当前战争的主体制胜思想。我们应深刻把握战争制胜机理的时代特征,着力加强侦察预警系统和作战单元信息融合能力建设,不断增强信息化条件下体系作战能力,并前瞻科技发展,努力掌握未来军事竞争的战略主动权。     

战争制胜机理何以发生变化

信息化战争已经登上了当今世界的舞台,这是军事领域发生的革命性变化。在信息化战争条件下,传统的战争制胜机理发生的新的变化。     

关于现代战争制胜机理问题的几点思考

但凡战争都存有克敌制胜的内在规律和基本原理,现代战争亦是如此。在深入理解战争制胜机理内涵要义、准确把握其基本特征的基础上,探究现代战争条件下制胜机理的全新变化,筹划未来谋打赢。     

对现代战争制胜机理及其运用的理性思考

探究战争制胜机理对于指导战争实践具有重大意义。战争活动具有复杂性,战争制胜机理关联于诸多制胜因素与制胜途径;现代战争凸显制胜因素、制胜途径的新质性、多元化特征,须以新视野、多视角解读和认定战争制胜机理;实践运用现代战争制胜机理,须权衡价值效益,基于我军实际,敢于突破常规。     

现代战争制胜机理的理论探讨

现代战争是信息化条件下的高技术常规局部战争。现代战争制胜机理必须适应战斗力生成新要求,突出战斗力标准。从军队作战能力的视角,可将现代战争的制胜机理分为:信息力制胜、杀伤力制胜、防护力制胜、机动力制胜和保障力制胜五个方面,即所谓的"五力制胜",它们相互融合成一个有机整体,共同构成现代战争中克敌制胜的法宝。     

非军事领域对战争制胜机理的影响

随着新型技术在军事领域的标准化建设和体系化运用,以往大兵团正面交锋的作战场景正在渐渐淡出历史舞台。战争规模变得更加可控,战争样式变得更加难以预测。究其原因,非军事领域因素对战争规模、样式的影响在增加,给信息化作战制胜机理带来了新的变化。     

把握智能化战争特点规律推动智能化训练创新发展

随着以人工智能、量子信息、移动通信、物联网、区块链为代表的信息技术加速突破应用，以及机器人、数字化、新材料的先进制造技术在军事领域的广泛使用，战争形态、作战空间、战争制胜机理等将不断改变，而作战需求牵引军事训练。如何把握智能化战争特点规律，有效推动智能化训练创新发展，将是我们躲不过、绕不开的问题。     

外军山地作战简史述评

根据战争实践、部队建设及理论研究的进程,外军山地作战的历史可分为缓慢孕育、持续发展、成熟定型、深化转移四个阶段。探究外军山地作战的历史沿革与发展现状不仅可清晰地认识山地战场环境的特殊性及其对战斗行动的影响,而且能更加深刻洞悉山地作战的基本原则和理论,准确把握信息化战争条件下山地作战的内涵外延、要素构成、力量编组和制胜机理。     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.     

Country survey XVI the defence sector in the economy of a declining superpower: Soviet Union and Russia, 1965-2001

The Soviet Union was able to develop a large military-industrial complex and become the world's second superpower despite deficiencies in its centrally planned economy because defence was given high priority status and special planning, rationing and administrative mechanisms were used to attain national security objectives. However, in the period 1976-85 the effectiveness of priority protection diminished and defence institutions experienced more of the problems typical of the shortage economic system. The heavy defence burden also created growing difficulties for the civilian economy. The attempts by the Gorbachev government to reform the defence sector and improve defence-economic relationships during perestroika (1985-91) uniformly failed. For most of the transition period, the Russian military-industrial complex has been adversely affected by its low priority status, cuts in defence spending, instability of the hybrid politico-economic system, and negative growth of the economy. The armed forces and defence industry have been reduced in size and their outputs of military services and equipment have fallen to low levels. Nevertheless, the Russian armed forces still have over one million troops, significant stocks of sophisticated conventional weapons, and a large nuclear arsenal. The government of President Putin has raised the priority of the defence sector, increased real defence spending, and adopted ambitious plans to revive Russian military power. It is likely, though, that tight resource constraints will hamper efforts to reform the armed forces and to upgrade weapons. By 2010 Russia will be an important, but not dominant, military power in Eurasia.     

Traffickers,terrorists, and a ‘new security challenge’: Russian counternarcotics strategy and the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade

The collapse of the Soviet Union precipitated the massive expansion of drug use and trade in Russia. The country now has one of the largest populations of injecting drug users in the world and has become the largest single-country market for Afghan heroin. In 2003 the Federal Service for the Control of the Drugs Trade was created to coordinate a comprehensive counternarcotics strategy appropriate to the scale of this threat. The service continues to face a number of challenges in its early stages of development. However, it has made considerable advances in improving responses to large-scale organised crime and in building international cooperation.