层次分析法的水下航行器维修性指标分配方法

基于层次分析法的水下航行器维修性指标分配方法把层次分析法应用到水下航行器维修性指标分配方法中,即邀请专家对故障的检测和隔离方式、可达性、可更换性和测试的困难等级进行两两比较,得到评价矩阵,据此,可以得到分配结果.这种方法克服了按故障率和设计特性分配法在设计特性相差不大时存在的缺陷,把定性分析与定量分析相结合.在设计初期即明确设计目标,除了考虑到单元的故障率还兼顾了初期设计过程中的不确定性.将这种方法应用于某水下航行器的维修性分配,结果表明,该方法具有实用价值.     

基于TOPSIS法与灰色关联度法的故障样本分配方法

针对故障率作为维修性试验验证故障样本分配的主要影响因素,而使故障样本分配结果的合理性与可信性不足的问题,提出了一种基于TOPSIS法与灰色关联度法的维修性试验验证故障样本分配方法。构建了故障样本分配影响因素体系,采用残缺判断矩阵法确定了各影响因素的权重,基于TOPSIS法与灰色关联度法构建了故障样本分配的数学模型。以某型装甲车辆加温器的维修性试验为例,验证了所提故障样本分配方法的可行性,结果表明:相比按比例分层抽样的故障样本分配方法,所提方法的故障样本分配结果的合理性与可信性明显提高,更适用于装甲装备维修性试验验证工程实践。     

基于反正切函数的测试性分配方法

针对现有主流测试性分配方法存在的分配指标过低和过高等不合理问题,分析认为其根源在于现有方法采用线性分配函数,而该函数不符合测试性指标提升规律,为此,构造了一种基于反正切函数的测试性分配函数,设计故障检测率与故障隔离率指标的分配算法,开展案例应用并与经典故障率分配法和综合加权分配法进行对比分析,结果表明随着分配权重(故障率)的变大,本方法分配指标的增幅逐渐减小,不会出现极低指标和超1指标的不合理情形。     

军用电子设备的维修性设计

维修性设计是军用电子设备研制过程中的重要组成部分。本文详述了维修性的基本概念以及维修性设计的三个主要阶段,维修性分配,预计及维修性试验与评定,提出了具体的提高设备维修性的技术措施。     

MTTR的两种预计方法

维修性是装备的设计特性。平均修复时间MTTR(Mean Time to Repair)是衡量维修性的重要定量参数。为了使装备具有良好的维修性,必须在装备设计论证阶段加强维修性预计,特别是对MTTR的预计。本文以雷达、指挥仪一类电子装备为背景,提出预计MTTR的仿真方法和解析方法,并进行了应用性研究。     

软件保障性评估在维修性分配和预计软件中的应用

从软件保障性的影响要素——软件生命周期过程、软件自身的设计特性和保障资源出发，阐明了软件保障性评估的原理，提出了一套软件保障性评估方案。通过在某维修性分配和预计软件上的具体实践，充分验证了该评估方案的可行性和实用性。     

“66式152加榴炮可靠性、维修性设计改进”通过设计定型审查

由我院徐书林副教授主持研究的“66式152加榴炮可靠性、维修性设计改进”课题,其成果已通过总参炮兵部组织的设计定型审查。 66式152加榴炮是我军炮兵的主战装备,山于原设计可靠性、维修性差,致使装备存在结构不合理、机件易损、漏气、漏液等各种较严重的故障现象,关键部件故障率高,操作维修不便,影响了部队作战训练任务的完成。该课题组多次深入部队和作战前线进行调研,统计汇总了大量的数据资料,系统分析了产     

标准发布通报

国防科工委〔1997〕计基字第3043号文批准发布了175项国军标和2项国军标修改单;国家技术监督局〔1997〕260号文批准发布了2项国家标准,现将与兵器行业有关的国军标及2项国标公布如下,自1998年5月1日起实施。     

国家军用标准编写之我见

国家军用标准的编写质量是与编写的方法密切相关的,根据我们的经验,编写时应注意以下几点:1.靠拢国外先进标准,提高国军标整体水平我国国军标制定起步较晚,在“七五”和     

《火药试验方法》和《炸药试验方法》两项国军标通过审查

由兵器工业标准化所负责编写的《火药试验方法》和《炸药试验方法》两项国军标审查会于1996年10月11日在北京召开。这次审查会是在两项国军标分组审查的基础上进行的,参加会议的有国防科工委军标中心、兵总军品局、兵总火炸药局、总参炮兵装备技术研究所、北京理工大学、中国工程物理研究院、兵器工业第204研究所、航天工业第708研究     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

Cyberpower in Strategic Affairs: Neither Unthinkable nor Blessed

Abstract

This article explores the effect of connectivity on strategic affairs. It argues that the effect on war's character is potentially, although not yet shown in practice, considerably large. Its effect upon the distribution of power among states in the international system is small, contrary to the claims of ‘cyberwar’ alarmists. All told, however, its effect upon strategic affairs is complex. On the one hand, it represents a significant advance in the ‘complexification’ of state strategies, understood in the sense of the production of intended effects. On the other hand, strategists today – still predominantly concerned with the conflicts and confrontations of states and organised military power – are generally missing the power which non-traditional strategic actors, better adapted to the network flows of the information age, are beginning to deploy. These new forms of organization and coercion will challenge the status quo.