机动目标一维距离像RAT法线性化补偿

研究了机动目标宽带线性调频脉冲回波全去斜率信号模型,根据速度和加速度的调频频谱展宽特点,提出了机动目标宽带一维距离像线性化调频回波模型,给出了Radon模糊图转换(RAT)法线性参数估计与运动补偿方法,并进一步分析了测速和测距误差.仿真实验验证了RAT法一维距离像线性化参数估计与补偿,表明该方法很好地解决了运动参数未知情况下机动目标的一维距离像频谱展宽问题.     

雷达平台运动特性及其对一维距离像影响分析

分析运动特性对雷达一维距离像的影响是研究运动平台下雷达运动补偿、检测、识别和跟踪等方法的前提.针对这一问题,首先分析了雷达平台的运动特性,推导了运动平台下雷达线性调频信号回波模型,定量地分析了运动特性对一维距离像的影响,给出通常雷达平台的运动特性和时宽带宽积条件下,平台微动对径向运动速度、加速度的影响可以忽略;平台平动...     

基于调频傅里叶变换的高速目标ISAR距离像算法

在大时宽带宽线性调频(LFM)体制高分辨逆合成孔径(ISAR)雷达中,目标高速运动将引起严重的回波多普勒色散,如果不消除该影响则不能正确成像。针对该问题,设计了一种通过调频傅里叶变换对目标脉内运动参数进行估计,补偿回波脉内走动得到目标距离像的方法。该方法首先估计脉内运动参数,初步补偿脉内走动,然后估计运动轨迹进一步精确补偿脉内走动,补偿脉内走动后通过包络对齐消除脉间走动,得到目标距离像。算法的主要过程在脉冲重复周期内进行,可以满足实时成像和参数估计的需求。     

调频信号对调频步进ISAR的相干干扰技术

逆合成孔径雷达由于其独特的成像原理,具有比普通雷达更强的抗干扰能力.调频步进信号具有在保持瞬时带宽较小的同时通过合成宽带技术获得距离高分辨,降低系统实现复杂度的优点.提出了一种基于线性调频信号对调频步进信号体制成像雷达相干干扰方法,利用线性调频信号对调频步进雷达接收到的回波信号进行附加的频率调制和相位调制后转发,来破坏ISAR成像的方法.由于线性调频信号与线性调频步进信号有相似的频域特性,因此可以获得一定的处理增益,从而降低干扰功率.仿真试验表明这种方法行之有效.     

基于MDCFT的天空双基地雷达机动目标检测方法

针对天空双基地雷达高速机动目标的距离徙动和多普勒频谱扩展问题,在建立目标回波信号模型及分析目标距离和多普勒徙动特性的基础上,提出了一种适用于该体制雷达的高速机动目标检测方法。首先对脉压回波信号采用Keystone变换校正距离徙动;其次对离散线性调频傅里叶变换(discrete chirp-Fourier transform,DCFT)进行修正,完成对目标加速度大小和频率因子的估计;然后根据构造的二次相位补偿函数,实现多普勒徙动补偿;最后对补偿后回波信号进行相参积累检测。仿真结果表明,所提方法对目标径向加速度的估计更准确能有效对高速机动目标回波能量进行相参积累,提高了在低信噪比条件下的检测性能。     

基于补偿调制的ISAR电子伪装干扰技术

逆合成孔径雷达(ISAR)是一种高分辨率微波成像雷达体制,也是成像雷达的重点发展方向之一。由于其成像是通过对距离向和方位向二维压缩实现,因此比普通雷达具有更强的抗干扰能力。针对线性调频信号体制ISAR,提出一种基于补偿调制的电子伪装干扰方法,通过对截获到的敌方雷达辐射信号进行相位补偿调制模拟出目标任意散射点的回波信号并转发,达到了伪装干扰的目的。最后的仿真实验证明了所提方法的有效性。     

基于时间延时的调频步进频率ISAR欺骗干扰

逆合成孔径雷达由于其独特的成像原理,具有比普通雷达更强的抗干扰能力。调频步进信号具有在保持瞬时带宽较小的同时通过合成宽带技术获得距离高分辨,降低系统实现的复杂度的优点,提出了一种基于时间延时的对调频步进信号体制成像雷达欺骗干扰方法,利用对调频步进雷达接收到的回波信号进行距离向延时和方位向延时后转发,从而合成假目标对调频步进频率ISAR进行欺骗干扰。仿真结果表明这种方法行之有效。     

Chirp 子脉冲步进频率雷达信号的探讨

从理论上分析了在步进频率雷达信号中采用线性调频信号（ｃｈｉｒｐ）作为子脉冲的可行性,重点讨论了目标运动对该种体制高距离分辨成像的影响。并提出了系统设计时的考虑。     

一种高分辨雷达扩展目标信号模拟方法

从线性调频高分辨雷达着手,分析了扩展目标回波信号的特点,对线性调频信号进行了模拟,生成了扩展目标回波数据。最后用Matlab仿真实现了目标散射中心和多普勒速度的提取,验证了模拟信号的可行性。     

对成像雷达的脉冲分段排序转发干扰

多假目标图像欺骗是目前宽带雷达干扰的难点。针对宽带雷达中常用的线性调频(Linear Frequency Modulated,LFM)信号,提出一种脉冲分段排序转发干扰方法。结合散射波信号模型,推导了合成干扰信号二维成像输出形式,讨论了假目标图像个数、分辨率与分段数以及转发次序之间的关系,并进行了仿真实验。结果表明该干扰方法可较便捷地产生多个沿距离向分布的假目标图像。结果对于成像雷达图像欺骗干扰具有理论指导意义。     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.     

The UK,interrogation and Iraq, 2003–2008

The UK’s interrogation operations during the conflict in Iraq (2003–2008) are often portrayed by the media as involving significant amounts of mistreatment. This article demonstrates that these practices are not necessarily representative of the UK’s interrogation operations across this conflict. In doing so it contributes to the limited literature on the practice of interrogation and on the UK’s combat operations in Iraq. The UK’s interrogation capability, and therefore its intelligence-gathering capability, is shown to have rested primarily with the military’s Joint Forward Interrogation Team (JFIT). The JFIT suffered from limitations to the number, training and experience of its interrogators and interpreters. It is argued that maintaining a permanent, higher level of preparedness for interrogation by the British armed forces is desirable.     

Remembering and forgetting Mirambo: Histories of war in modern Africa

ABSTRACT

While the study of organised violence is considered essential to understanding the history of the West, and accordingly imbued with various layers of meaning and remembrance, war is widely regarded as inimical to the modern nation in Africa and stable development more broadly. Using examples drawn from primarily from East Africa, this paper considers the ways in which warfare in the deeper (‘precolonial’) past has been framed and envisioned in recent decades, in particular by governments whose own roots lie in revolutionary armed struggle and who began life as guerrilla movements. While in some cases particular elements of the deeper past were indeed mobilised in pursuit of contemporary political goals, in many other scenarios histories of precolonial violence were beheld as problematic and unworthy of remembrance. This paper highlights the paradox and ambiguity which has attended the memory of key aspects of Africa’s deeper past.